Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Commons^™

Isolation And Partial Characterization Of Bioactive Fucoxanthin From Himanthalia Elongata Brown Seaweed: A Tlc-Based Approach, Gaurav Rajauria, Nissreen Abu-Ghannam

Articles

Seaweeds are important sources of carotenoids, and numerous studies have shown the beneficial effects of these pigments on human health. In the present study, Himanthalia elongata brown seaweed was extracted with a mixture of low polarity solvents, and the crude extract was separated using analytical thin-layer chromatography (TLC).The separated compounds were tested for their potential antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes bacteria using TLC bioautography approach. For bio-autography, the coloured band on TLC chromatogram was visualized after spraying with DPPH and triphenyltetrazolium chloride reagents which screen antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds, respectively, and only one active compound was ...

Novel Neurotrophic Growth Factor Signaling Pathway Mediates Changes In Epigenetics Through The Redox And Methylation Influence Of Eaat3-Mediated Cysteine Uptake, Nathaniel Wilkens Hodgson

Pharmaceutical Science Dissertations

The level of oxidative stress increases with age, and abnormal elevations are a hallmark of many neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. In neurons, the glutamate, aspartate, and cysteine transporter EAAT3 is the predominant transporter of cysteine, the rate-limiting precursor for synthesis of glutathione, the primary intracellular antioxidant. Thus, the regulation of EAAT3 is crucial in maintaining redox balance in neurons, and agents that change its activity can exert important effects on neuronal redox status. Furthermore, since methylation is highly sensitive to redox status, these agents can also modulate methylation status, including DNA methylation, yielding epigenetic consequences.

The ...

Investigating Key Post-Pks Enzymes From Gilvocarcin Biosynthetic Pathway, Nidhi Tibrewal

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

Gilvocarcin V (GV) belongs to the angucycline class of antibiotics that possesses remarkable anticancer and antibacterial activities with low toxicity. Gilvocarcin exhibits its light induced anticancer activity by mediating crosslinking between DNA and histone H3. When photo-activated by near-UV light, the C8 vinyl group forms a [2+2] cycloadduct with thymine residues of double stranded DNA. _D-fucofuranose is considered essential for histone H3 interactions. However, the poor water solubility has rendered it difficult to develop gilvocarcin as a drug. We aim to design novel gilvocarcin analogues with improved pharmaceutical properties through chemo-enzymatic synthesis and mutasynthesis. Previous studies have characterized ...

Multi-Compartmental Delivery Systems For Peptide And Dna Vaccines In Melanoma Immunotherapy, Mayurkumar Chimanlal Kalariya

Pharmaceutical Science Dissertations

The vaccine delivery systems containing adjuvants modulate magnitude, breadth, quality, and longevity of immune responses to antigen vaccinations aimed to induce cell-mediated immunity. For vaccines targeting tumor antigens, adjuvant-based delivery systems are necessary to overcome various tolerance mechanisms and facilitate induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) that can traffic to and lyse malignant cells. The objective of this doctoral thesis project was to develop a multi-compartmental vaccine delivery system for safe and efficient delivery of a variety of melanoma antigens for immunotherapy.

Water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) multiple emulsions-based multi-compartmental vaccine delivery systems containing the gp100 peptide or hgp100 plasmid DNA ...

The Mechanism Of Monoacylglycerol Lipase (Mgl) Inactivation: A Study Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy And Mass Spectrometry, Ioannis L. Karageorgos

Pharmaceutical Science Dissertations

The endocannabionoid signaling system is composed of two main cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2 ), their principal endogenous ligands (anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG)) and enzymes primarily responsible for degrading endocanabinoids such as fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL), abhydrolase domain-containing protein-6 and N-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidase (NAAA) that are responsible for reduction of endocanabinoid system activity and its consequent (patho) physiological effects. Although FAAH may inactivate 2-AG in vitro, its main in vivo biological substrate is anandamide, whereas MGL exclusively hydrolyzes 2-AG to stoichiometric amounts of arachidonic acid (AA) and glycerol in vivo. Unlike anandamide, that is a partial ...

Cysteine Dependence Of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Effects On Redox And Methylation Status, Yiting Li

Pharmaceutical Science Master's Theses

Methionine synthase serves as a bridge between the methionine cycle and the dopamine-stimulated phospholipid methylation cycle. Cobalamin is the co-factor of methionine synthase to catalyze the conversion of homocysteine to methionine. Oxidized cobalamin halts methionine synthase activity, increasing homocysteine diversion to the transsulfuration pathway leading to formation of cysteine which can then be converted to the primary intracellular antioxidant glutathione.

Methionine synthase is a multi-domain enzyme and its linker domain termed `cap' is responsible for protecting cobalamin from dissociation and oxidation. In human brain, the cap domain of methionine synthase can be alternatively spliced in response to oxidative stress. Spliced ...

Enhancement Of In Vitro Therapeutic Efficacy Using Combination Paclitaxel And Ceramide Therapy Using Egfr Targeted Biodegradable Polymeric Nanoparticles In Ovarian Cancer Model, Darshna Rajendrakumar Patel

Pharmaceutical Science Master's Theses

Currently, tumor-cell resistance to the chemotherapy is key reason for failure of the clinical treatment of cancer cells; almost all chemotherapeutic strategies used are susceptible to multidrug resistance (MDR). The development of MDR is major hindrance to eradication of cancer as it interferes with the effect of therapeutic agents on tumors and increases chances of cancer resurgence.

MDR refers to a cross-resistance to structurally and functionally unrelated drugs thereby rendering the tumor unresponsive to most chemotherapeutic options. It results from microenvironmental selection, like poor delivery efficiency of drug at the disease site, phenotypic alterations in cancer cells leading to enhanced ...

Developing Pentamethine Cyanine Dyes For Photodynamic Therapy, Quoc Bao H. Nguyen

Georgia State Undergraduate Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Endocrine Imaging Using Near-Infrared Fluorescent Pentamethine Cyanine Dyes, Tyler Dost

Georgia State Undergraduate Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Design And Synthesis Of Hif-1 Inhibitors As Anti-Cancer Therapeutics, Zeus De Los Santos

Georgia State Undergraduate Research Conference

No abstract provided.

A Comparison Of The Effect Of Intermittent And Continuous Infusion Of Meropenem On The Prevalence Of Nausea In Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis Patients, Marissa Cushing, Juanita Draime, Bao-Ngoc Ho, Jordan Nicholls, Bethany Sibbitt, Rebecca Widder, Rebecca J. Gryka, Denise Simpson

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease, leading to changes of membrane secretions causing obstruction of smaller airways. CF patients often develop pulmonary infections and require antibiotic treatment. Meropenem is a broad spectrum beta lactam that acts by lysing microbes through interfering with bacterial cell wall synthesis. Although a safe and effective treatment, data on pediatric patients is limited.