Electrical and Electronics Commons^™

Modeling Of Rapid Thermal Processing System By Finite Element Method, Helen Martynov

Theses

A finite element model for the Rapid Thermal Processing (RTP) system at NJIT was developed based on the software package MSC/NASTRAN. Based on this model, a thermal analysis of the 9" chamber, 3 zones (37 lamps) RTP system was conducted for various modes of system operation with the 6" silicon wafer temperature varying from 300°K to 1100°K. An open-loop control algorithm was developed in order to study the dependence of wafer temperature on time, position, and applied radiant heat distribution. It was shown that the non-uniformity in the radial temperature profile can be less than 3°C during wafer heating at …

Investigation Of The Pl Cebus Performance With And Without Acknowledgment, Menghan Pan

Theses

The power line implementation of the consumer electronic bus (PL CEBUS) is a promising and inexpensive approach for home automation. Since the intro¬duction of the PL CEBUS standards, there has been increasing efforts on evaluating its performance. However, all the works have been performed for unacknowledged networks. This thesis presents the first successful evaluation of the PL CEBUS with acknowledment. Three different cases, namely, 600, 300 and 100 bits packet sizes, have been considered. The evaluation included the simulation of performance parameters such as message and packet delays, message throughput, and channel throughput. Acknowledged network performance has been confirmed to …

Linear Ccd Motion Detection System, Thekepat J. Sudesh

Theses

The mechanical response to electrical stimuli of the human membrane represents an important area of research in medicine. A linear sensing system was designed and fabricated to measure the displacements (along a specified direction) and the frequency response of a ear membrane, the Outer Hair Cell (OHC). The output of this system was a voltage proportional to the instantaneous position of the bimorph and could be displayed on an oscilloscope.

The system consisted of optics to project the image of the vibrating membrane onto a Linear CCD Camera and electronic analog and digital circuitry which produced an instantaneous voltage proportional …

Real Time Control Of A Dual Resonator System, Penghuai Shen

Theses

An experimental multi-resonator system has been developed to study modelling and robust control of such systems in a real-time environment. The plant to be controlled consists of a pair of interconnected resonators whose resonant frequency and plant structure are known. The control objectives are to provide closed loop stability and asymptotic regulation of the frequency, gain and phase of each of the resonators. Furthermore, it is desired to use a minimal controller configuration so as to reduce implementational complexity.

The theoretical results follow directly the paper " Decentralized Robust Control of Interconnected Resonators" written by my advisor Dr. Timothy N. …

Hardware Design For Jpeg And A Comparative Study Of Jpeg And Mpeg Image Compression Algorithms, Aravind Soundararajan

Theses

The complete PC-based hardware design along with the initialization and control software of the JPEG algorithm is presented in this thesis. The hardware could run in real-time to compress, decompress and display still frame images. LSI Logic JPEG chipset was used in the design. This is a dedicated chipset for the JPEG compression algorithm.

A simulation software was used for studying the performance of MPEG video compression algorithm. Various video test sequences were compressed through the codec simulation software and the resulting rate-distortion performance was calculated. These are compared with the performance of JPEG based image sequence compressor.

It is …

Magnetohydrodynamic Behavior Under Current Impulse Excitation, Shi Wu

Theses

The effects of magnetic field on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) channel flow between two parallel plates of infinite extent are investigated. The applied magnetic field is due to an infinite impulse current-carrying conductor located a small distance below the lower channel wall. Influence of the induced magnetic field, such that the magnetic Reynolds number (R_m) is less than unity but greater than zero, is included. The solution is obtained using the perturbation theory in the expansion of the field components in a double-power series in R_m and I. Calculations for the magneto-fluid components were carried out using personal computer. …

Proposal For A Dod Combined Battlefield Electromagnetic Environmental Effects (E3) Initiative, George H. Baker Iii

Department of Integrated Science and Technology - Faculty Scholarship

The presentation emphasizes the growing importance of electromagnetic survivability and compatibility. Operation Desert Storm demonstrated the clear military advantage provided by sophisticated electronic weapon and communication systems. In addition, the offensive tactic of taking out the enemy's eyes and ears during the air war paid off, giving our military decisive air superiority. The lessons for the future are clear. High-tech electronics now so dominates the battlefield that the outcome of future conflicts could well be decided by electronics attrition rather than human casualties. Our Desert Storm experience thus accentuates the importance of guaranteeing that our electronic systems will not be …

Supplemental Reply Comments To Fcc Notice Of Inquiry On Consumer Electronics Compatibility Rules, Ron D. Katznelson

Ron D. Katznelson

No abstract provided.

Electronic Simulation Of The Temporal Characteristics Of Photon Memory Echoes And Some Related Applications, Yuwen Kuo, Monish Ranjan Chatterjee

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The characteristics of nonlinear photon memory echoes are investigated by means of SPICE simulations using equivalent resonator ensembles. By developing implicit nonlinear circuit models in the memory echo domain, the triple product formalism of electronic holography, involving correlation and convolution, is tested for the storage and recall of arbitrary signals and/or data bit streams in both time-inverted and nontime-inverted modes. Furthermore, a few specific optical data processing applications are also simulated in which the mixed binary multiplication of two or more binary bit streams is achieved.

Higher order products, optical pattern recognition, and other possible applications are also discussed. It …

Unified Bias Analysis Of Subspace-Based Doa Estimation Algorithms, Yang Lu

Dissertations and Theses

This thesis presents the unified bias analysis of subspace-based DOA estimation algorithms in terms of physical parameters such as source separation, signal coherence, number of senors and snapshots. The analysis reveals the direct relationship between the performance of the DOA algorithms and signal measurement conditions. Insights into different algorithms are provided. Based upon previous first-order subspace perturbations, second-order subspace perturbations are developed which provide basis for bias analysis and unification. Simulations verifying the theoretical bias analysis are presented.

Automatic Tuning Of Integrated Filters Using Neural Networks, Lutz Henning Lenz

Dissertations and Theses

Component values of integrated filters vary considerably due to· manufacturing tolerances and environmental changes. Thus it is of major importance that the components of an integrated filter be electronically tunable. The method explored in this thesis is the transconductance-C-method.

A method of realizing higher-order filters is to use a cascade structure of second-order filters. In this context, a method of tuning second-order filters becomes important.

The research objective of this thesis is to determine if the Neural Network methodology can be used to facilitate the filter tuning process for a second-order filter (realized via the transconductance-C-method). Since this thesis is, …

Low‐Cost Technique For Preparing N‐Sb2S3/P‐Si Heterojunction Solar Cells, O. Savadogo, K. C. Mandal

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Waveform Estimation With Jitter Noise By Pseudo Symmetrical Probability Density Function, Wei-Da Hao

Dissertations and Theses

A new method for solving jitter noise in estimating high frequency waveform is proposed. It reduces the bias of the estimation in those points where all the other methods fail to achieve. It provides preliminary models for estimating percentiles in Normal, Exponential probability density function. Based on the model for Normal probability density function, a model for any probability density function is derived. The resulting percentiles, in turn, are used as estimates for the amplitude of the waveform. Simulation results show us with satisfactory accuracy.

Photopolarimeter Based On Planar Grating Diffraction, R. M.A. Azzam, K. A. Giardina

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

A division-of-amplitude photopolarimeter (DOAP) is described that employs a diffraction grating in the conventional spectrometer orientation with the grating grooves normal to the plane of incidence. Four coplanar diffracted orders are used for polarimetric analysis to determine all four Stokes parameters of incident light simultaneously and virtually instantaneously (with the speed being determined solely by the photodetectors and their associated electronics); a fifth order is used for alignment by autocollimation or by use of a position-sensing quadrant detector. To sensitize the instrument for the +45° and -45° azimuths of incident linearly polarized light and for the handedness of incident circular …

Phased Array Antenna Analysis Using Hybrid Finite Element Methods, Daniel T. Mcgrath

Theses and Dissertations

This research in computational electromagnetics developed a new method for predicting the near-field mutual coupling effects in phased array antennas, using the finite element method (FEM) in combination with integral equations. Accurate feed modeling is accomplished by enforcing continuity between the FEM solution and an arbitrary number of wave guide models across a ground plane aperture. A periodic integral equation is imposed above the antenna's physical structure in order to enforce the radiation condition and to confine the analysis to an array unit cell. The electric field is expanded in terms of vector finite elements, and Galerkin's method is used …

Minimum Redundancy Array Structure For Interference Cancellation, Wan-Ling Chen

Dissertations

Adaptive antenna arrays are widely used in many advanced radar, sonar, and communication systems because of their effectiveness in cancelling intentional or unintentional interferers. A uniformly spaced linear array, referred to as a Uniform Regular Array (URA), is the usual structure used for interference cancellation. The Minimum Redundancy Array (MRA) structure proposed in this work is a special kind of thinned array whose application was limited in the past to direction finding. MRAs with the same number of array elements can resolve directions of much more closely spaced signals than URAs.

The URA structure is customarily utilized for interference cancellation, …

Characterization Of Advanced Etching Reactors Using Novel Diagnostic Tools, Vipulkumar Patel

Dissertations

Plasma etching equipment used for sub-micron integrated circuit fabrication at present are exclusively based on 13.56 MHz, capacitively coupled, parallel-plate geometry. The underlying mechanisms of plasma processes in these reactors are not well understood and there is even less understanding of how the etch-tool parameters relate to the plasma discharge characteristics which actually determine the etch process. In this thesis, new diagnostic techniques were applied for the characterization and optimization of plasma etching processes in various reactor configurations.

Specifically, diode and triode configurations were studied extensively using tuned scanning Langmuir probes. Both radial and axial distributions of plasma density were …

Multilevel Embeddings For Massively-Parallel Hypercubes, Devenkuma P. Shah

Theses

Hierarchically structured arrays of processors have widely been used in the low and intermediate phases of image processing and computer vision. Since the pyramid structure efficiently supports local and global operations extensively required by these phases, it has been widely used for relevant algorithms. Multilevel systems keep all the advantages of the pyramid structure while providing a general hierarchical structure that is easier to be used for the development of several algorithms and may also provide higher performance.

Although the cost of pyramid machines may be tremendously high, they have limited applications. In contrast, the hypercube network is widely used …

Aluminum Epitaxy On Silicon, Samuel Cruz Ramac

Theses

The purpose of this work was to study the effect of 4° miscut and chem¬ical pretreatment of Si(111) wafers on the epitaxial growth of Al by thermal evaporation in a UHV environment (~ 10^-9 Torr). Two chemical pretreatments of the wafers were used. One included HF only and the other included NH₄F after an initial HF treatment. The substrates were not heated dur¬ing deposition. XRD measurements of the films were done before and after annealing in a high vacuum oven for one hour at temperatures between 200 and 350°C.

The A1(200) films deposited on wafers pretreated with …

Properties And Determination Of Optimal Decentralized Feedback Structure, Kangsong Han

Theses

In this thesis, the decentralized feedback structure for large scale, linear time invariant systems is studied. The internal differences and the relationship between decentralized feedback structure and centralized feedback structure are discussed. The conventional diagonal feedback structure. corresponding to the classical single loop design strategy, is first analyzed. This is followed by an arbitrary decentralized information flow constraint which is dependent upon the actual plant characteristics. Although signal flow graphs have limited use in describing decentralized control systems. the concept of a control cycle unit based on signal flow is introduced as a supplementary tool to characterize some fixed modes …

Adaptive Two-Stage Detection Scheme In Synchronous Two-User Cdma Systems, Yong Jiang

Theses

A conventional single user detector is not optimum in the multiuser environment because the multiuser interference can not be modeled as an additive Gaussian process. Such a receiver is very vulnerable to the near far situation. The receiver that is optimum for multiuser environment has high complexity and requires a knowledge of the received signal energies. Various versions of the receiver that handle the near far situation have been proposed in the literature. In this work, an adaptive two stage scheme for a synchronous two user environment with unknown received energies is proposed. It consists of a, tandem of the …

Tantalum Silicide Variable Capacitance Rotary Micromotors : Design And Fabrication, Michael Steven Berry

Theses

Tantalum silicide was studied as an alternative microelectromechanical material by fabricating a rotary micromotor utilizing a proven design. This material was used for the rotor, stators, and bearing over a silicon substrate. It has the attraction of potentially reducing the friction which is a major problem with polysilicon-to-polysilicon bearings.

The necessity of high aspect ratio features required that a plasma or reactive ion etch with a high degree of anisotropy be developed to etch tantalum silicide films in excess of 1.5μm. A sulfur hexafluoride/Freon 115 plasma provided the necessary process control during the etches. The stress present in annealed tantalum …

Fair And Efficient Transmission Over Gbps Dual Ring Networks, Abdelnaser M. Adas

Theses

The advances in fiber optics technology provide large bandwidth and enable the support of a wide variety of services. New network architectures have been proposed, such as Metaring and Distributed Queue Dual Bus (DQDB), that try to take advantage of the new capabilities. Because of the very small packet transmission time relative to the feedback time a challenging issue in high speed networks is the efficient and fair share of the channel bandwidth among the competing users. In this thesis we first investigate and compare the performance of the Global and Local Fairness Mechanisms (GFM and LFM, respectively). They have …

Performance Of Different Strategies For Error Detection And Correction In Arithmetic Encoding, George F. Elmasry

Theses

Lossless source encoding is occasionally used in some data compression applications. One of these encoding schemes is the arithmetic encoding.

When data is to be transmitted via communication channel, noise and impurities imposed by the channel cause errors. To reduce the effect of errors, channel encoder is added prior to transmission through the channel. Channel encoder inserts some bits that help channel decoder at the receiver end to detect and correct errors. These added error detection and correction bits are redundancy that causes reduction in the compression ratio and hence an increase in data rate through the channel. The higher …

Improving The Jitter Performance Of Timing Recovery By Employing Delay Shifts, Xin De Lu

Theses

Many methods have been developed for evaluating the jitter performance of timing recovery circuits for binary synchronous transmission systems. These circuits consist of a nonlinear device followed by a narrowband filter tuned to the pulse repetition frequency. This thesis introduce delay shifts in the timing recovery circuits to improve the jitter performance. The function of the delay shifts is analyzed and mathematical proof of jitter performance improvement is given for the system using square-law device. Finally, the numerical results obtained from the specific examples serve to illustrate the significant improvement between the system with and without delay shifts. That is, …

Polarimetric Fiber Optic Sensor For The Measurement Of Strain, Wei Ma

Theses

In this thesis, development of a Polarimetric Fiber-Optic strain sensor is presented. The sensor uses the phenomenon that strain can deform the probing part of the fiber and hence change the polarization of the transmitted light signal. By counting the resulting fringes, we can measure the exact strain in the material. Calibration of the sensor was achieved by setting up tension tests. Optical fibers were glued on the surface of the specimen. Reference strain gages were used to record the strain in the specimens. Resulting fringes from the fiber optic sensors were then related to the strain measured by the …

An Implementation Of A Versatile Camera Calibration Technique For High-Accuracy 3d Machine Vision Metrology Using Off-The-Shelf Tv Camera And Lenses, Bolang Li

Theses

This thesis studies and implements a new versatile camera calibration technique for high-accuracy 3D machine vision metrology using off-the-shelf TV camera and lenses developed by Roger Tsai [1]. This technique builds up a unique relationship from the world coordinate system to the computer image coordinate system of calibration points by using a radial alignment constraint. The technique has advantage in terms of accuracy, speed, and versatility over existing techniques.

The fundamental knowledge for using this technique is presented in this thesis first, followed by an overview of the existing calibration techniques, and a detailed description of the new technique. The …

Design Of A 320x122 Mwir-Ccd Ptsi-Si Imaging Radiometer With Automatic Optical Integration Time Control, Nathaniel Joseph Mccaffrey

Theses

An infrared CCD camera system was designed and developed to operate a 320X244 Schottky-barrier IR-CCD Focal Plane Array (FPA) as an imaging radiometer. The goal of this research was to develop a reliable radiometer capable of resolving temperatures between 50 and 1000°C to within 1°C accuracy using non-contact spectral thermographic methods. To accomodate this wide dynamic range, the imager was operated in a non-interlaced format with variable optical integration times ranging from 120µsec to 122msec. Variable integration control was achieved by employing a "dump and read" timing procedure. To facilitate this operation, novel circuitry was developed for dynamically controlling the …

The Postbus Fault Tolerant Clos Network, Udayabhanu Sarangapani

Theses

The trend in modern computing is to develop multiprocessor systems with hundreds, even thousands, of processors and memory modules. The task of providing communication paths among all these units is not a trivial one. For a small number of functional units, direct connections could be used but for large systems interconnection networks have to be used. Multistage Interconnection Networks (MINs), provide a dynamic means for interconnecting processors and memory in a multiprocessor system. These networks are built with switches in each stage.

The Clos network is a well defined family of MINs and consists of three stages. The ordinary Clos …

Modeling And Simulation Of Magnetic Micromotor Performance, Ping Wang

Theses

The objective of this research was to model the performance and optimize geometries for two types of magnetic micromotors: yoke-type (YTMM) and yokeless (YSMM). The two selected micromotor types matched the designs that have been described in the recent research literature. Modeling was accomplished using MAXWELL, an advanced 2-D and 3-D simulator. The micromotors with nickel and nickel-iron magnetic thin films for the rotor and stator were simulated for torque performance. Three-phase power supplies with overlapping and non-overlapping phases were used. Rotor diameter dimensions were varied from 285 to 600µm, and the rotor-stator air gap was varied from 3 to …