Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons^™

Simulation Of Groundwater Flow And Effects Of Groundwater Irrigation On Stream Base Flow In The Elkhorn And Loup River Basins, Nebraska, 1895-2055: Phase Two, Jennifer S. Stanton, Steven M. Peterson, Michael N. Fienen

United States Geological Survey: Water Reports and Publications

Regional groundwater-flow simulations for a 30,000-square-mile area of the High Plains aquifer, referred to collectively as the Elkhorn-Loup Model, were developed to predict the effects of groundwater irrigation on stream base flow in the Elkhorn and Loup River Basins, Nebraska. Simulations described the stream-aquifer system from predevelopment through 2005 [including predevelopment (pre-1895), early development (1895–1940), and historical development (1940 through 2005) conditions] and future hypothetical development conditions (2006 through 2033 or 2055). Predicted changes to stream base flow that resulted from simulated changes to groundwater irrigation will aid development of long-term strategies for management of hydrologically connected water supplies.

The …

First Year Investigation Of Gravity Waves And Temperature Variability Over The Andes, Jonathan Pugmire, Neal R. Criddle, Michael J. Taylor, Dominique Pautet, Yucheng Zhao

Graduate Student Presentations

The Andes region is an excellent natural laboratory for investigating gravity wave influences on the Upper Mesospheric and Lower Thermospheric (MLT) dynamics: during the summer months the dominant gravity waves result from deep convection arising from severe thunderstorms over the continent to the east. In winter this convective activity is expected to be replaced by strong orographic forcing due to intense prevailing zonal winds blowing eastward from the Pacific Ocean and suddenly encountering the towering Andes mountain range (6000m). This creates large amplitude mountain waves that have been measured well into the stratosphere and most recently penetrate occasionally into the …

Sfa Weather Station-October 2010, Arthur Temple College Of Forestry And Agriculture, Stephen F. Austin State University

Weather Station Data

No abstract provided.

Chemistry–Climate Model Simulations Of Twenty-First Century Stratospheric Climate And Circulation Changes, Neal Butchart, I. Cionni, V. Eyring, T. G. Shepherd, D. W. Waugh, H. Akiyoshi, J. Austin, C. Brühl, M. P. Chipperfield, Eugene C. Cordero, M. Dameris, R. Deckert, S. Dhomse, S. M. Frith, R. R. Garcia, A. Gettelman, M. A. Giorgetta, D. E. Kinnison, F. Li, E. Mancini, S. Pawson, G. Pitari, D. A. Plummer, E. Rozanov, F. Sassi, J. F. Scinocca, K. Shibata, B. Steil, W. Tian

Faculty Publications, Meteorology and Climate Science

The response of stratospheric climate and circulation to increasing amounts of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and ozone recovery in the twenty-first century is analyzed in simulations of 11 chemistry–climate models using near-identical forcings and experimental setup. In addition to an overall global cooling of the stratosphere in the simulations (0.59 ± 0.07 K decade⁻¹ at 10 hPa), ozone recovery causes a warming of the Southern Hemisphere polar lower stratosphere in summer with enhanced cooling above. The rate of warming correlates with the rate of ozone recovery projected by the models and, on average, changes from 0.8 to 0.48 K decade …

Droughtscape, Fall 2010, Kelly Smith

DroughtScape: Quarterly Newsletter of the National Drought Mitigation Center (2007–2023)

CDC Issues Drought Guidance for Public Health

La Niña May Intensify Drought in South

Recent Workshops and Meetings

East Feels Impacts as Heat Intensifies Drought

New Products

Nicole Wall Co-Facilitates Republican River Basin Task Force

NDMC Climatologist on Ethiopia Team

Acquisizione Magnetica Marina Dell'alto Strutturale Del Mt. Vercelli (Mar Tirreno Centrale) E Del Golfo Di Napoli: Descrizione Dei Rilievi E Primi Risultati, L. Cocchi, F. Muccini, C. Carmisciano, R. Vagni, Giuseppe Masetti

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Durante la Campagna Oceanografica Ver2010, effettuata nel mese di maggio 2010, sono stati acquisiti due set di dati geomagnetici marini in alta risoluzione relativi alle aree del Mt. Vercelli (Mar Tirreno Centrale) e del Golfo di Napoli. Tale attività di misura è stata resa possibile grazie alla collaborazione tecnica scientifica tra l’Unità di Progetto “Geofisica e Tecnologie Marine” dell’Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) e l’Istituto Idrografico della Marina (IIM). La proficua collaborazione è sancita dall’accordo di cooperazione “Co.Na.Ge.M” (Coordinamento Nazionale per la Geofisica Marina). Nello specifico, i due rilievi sono stati svolti mediante l’impiego della Nave Idro-oceanografica “Aretusa”, …

Establishment Of An Acropora Cervicornis (Staghorn Coral) Nursery: An Evaluation Of Survivorship And Growth, Elizabeth Anne Larson

HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations

This thesis is the first study to provide a detailed characterization of Acropora cervicornis transplants and donor colony survival on southeast Florida coral reefs. Since May 2006 this species has been listed as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act. As populations continue to decline restoration efforts need to be evaluated to determine if there is an effort that could facilitate a population rebound. The overall goal of this project was to examine potential Acropora cervicornis restoration techniques along the entire Florida reef tract including Broward County, Miami Dade County, and Monroe County. For my thesis I used a …

A Three-Year Study Of The Magnetic Field Fluctuations In The Magnetospheric Cusp, Christina Seiman Chu

Master's Theses - Daytona Beach

The high-altitude magnetospheric cusps are regions of significant magnetic field turbulence. There are also magnetic field fluctuations that cannot be called turbulence. Some of the low frequency fluctuations observed in the cusp have been shown to be motion of the cusp structure by the spacecraft (back and forth motion of the boundaries surrounding the cusp); others are transient reconnection signatures or flux transfer events (FTEs). Turbulence is important to understand because it has been proposed as a mechanism for particle energization in the cusps to MeV levels. High resolution magnetic field data from the Fluxgate Magnetometer instruments on the Cluster …

R/V Thompson Em302 Sat -- Cruise Report, Jonathan Beaudoin, Val E. Schmidt

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

No abstract provided.

Plankton Community Respiration And Productivity For The Louisiana Offshore Ecosystem, July 2007 Results, Brandon Michael Boyd

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Extensive Aerosol Optical Properties And Aerosol Mass Related Measurements During Tramp/Texaqs 2006 – Implications For Pm Compliance And Planning, Monica Elizabeth Wright, Dean B. Atkinson, Luke Ziemba, Robert Griffin, Naruki Hiranuma, Sarah D. Brooks, James Flynn, Ryan Perna, Bernhard Rappenglück, Winston Luke, Paul Kelley

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Extensive aerosol optical properties, particle size distributions, and Aerodyne quadrupole aerosol mass spectrometer measurements collected during TRAMP/TexAQS 2006 were examined in light of collocated meteorological and chemical measurements. Much of the evident variability in the observed aerosol-related air quality is due to changing synoptic meteorological situations that direct emissions from various sources to the TRAMP site near the center of the Houston-Galveston-Brazoria (HGB) metropolitan area. In this study, five distinct long-term periods have been identified. During each of these periods, observed aerosol properties have implications that are of interest to environmental quality management agencies. During three of the periods, long …

Wave Heights During Hurricane Katrina: An Evaluation Of Ppp And Ppk Measurements Of The Vertical Displacement Of The Gps Antenna, Stephan D. Howden, David Dodd, Leslie C. Bender Iii, Norman Guinasso, Josh Kohut

Faculty Publications

In August 2005 the eye of Hurricane Katrina passed 49 n mi to the west of a 3-m discus buoy operated by the Central Gulf of Mexico Ocean Observing System (CenGOOS). Buoy motions were measured with a strapped-down 6 degrees of freedom accelerometer, a three-axis magnetometer, and a survey-grade GPS receiver. The significant wave heights were computed from the buoy's accelerometer record and from the dual-frequency GPS measurements that were processed in two different ways. The first method was postprocessed kinematic (PPK) GPS, which requires another GPS receiver at a fixed known location, and the other was precise point positioning …

Phosphorus Uptake In Rhodomonas Salina (Wislouch) And Its Effect On Allocation And Elimination In Acartia Tonsa (Dana), Danna Palladino

OES Theses and Dissertations

Phosphorus is a key element in important biochemical compounds, such as RNA and phospholipids, and can become limiting in a variety of marine systems. The uptake of phosphorus into biochemical fractions (protein, low molecular weight (LMW) compounds, lipid, polysaccharide and nucleic acid) in Acartia tonsa fed ³³P -labeled Rhodomonas salina was examined. R. salina was cultured on two variations of one media that in one case contained phosphorus in balance and the other out of balance with relation to other standard f/2 components. The P-balanced (PB) media had a N:P ratio of 24.5, which is higher than that found …

Lsuhsc Facilities Daily Update: October 2010, Lsuhsc Property And Facilities Management

LSUHSC Facilities Daily Updates: 2010

LSUHSC Facilities Daily Updates from October 2010.

October 4, 2010 is listed as a daily update but that page is blank in all seven instances captured by Archive.org.

These updates describe damage and a timeline of repairs at the LSU Health Sciences Center - New Orleans campus due to Hurricane Katrina which made landfall August 29, 2005.

Lsuhsc Facilities Biweekly Update: October 2010, Lsuhsc Property And Facilities Management

LSUHSC Facilities Biweekly Updates: 2010

LSUHSC Facilities Biweekly Updates from October 8 and 22, 2010.

These updates describe damage and a timeline of repairs at the LSU Health Sciences Center - New Orleans campus due to Hurricane Katrina which made landfall August 29, 2005.

Correction Of Bathymetric Survey Artifacts Resulting From Apparent Wave-Induced Vertical Position Of An Auv, Val E. Schmidt, Nicole A. Raineault, Adam Skarke, Arthur Trembanis, Larry A. Mayer

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Recent increases in the capability and reliability of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) have provided the opportunity to conduct bathymetric seafloor surveys in shallow water (< 50 m). Unfortunately, surveys of this water depth may contain artifacts induced by large amplitude wave motion at the surface. The artifacts occur when an onboard pressure sensor determines the depth of the AUV. Waves overhead induce small pressure fluctuations at depth, which modulate the AUV’s pressure sensor output without causing actual vertical movement of the AUV. Since bathymetric measurements are made with respect to the AUV’s depth, these pressure fluctuations, in turn, modulate the measurement of the seafloor. The result is a periodic across-track, vertical offset of the seafloor profile (similar to a heave artifact sometimes common in surface vessel surveys). In this paper we describe our experience with the “Gavia” model AUV (Hafmynd EHF, Iceland) in a recent bathymetric survey during which wave action overhead induced such an artifact with a peak-to-peak amplitude as large as 1 meter. A method for removing the artifact as well as recommendations for modifications to the sonar, INS and AUV to mitigate the effect in the future are provided.

Real-Time Monitoring Of Uncertainty Due To Refraction In Multibeam Echo Sounding, Jonathan Beaudoin

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

A software toolkit has been developed to objectively monitor uncertainty due to refraction in multibeam echosounding, specifically mapping systems that employ underway sound speed profiling hardware. The toolkit relies on the use of a raytrace simulator which mimics the sounding geometry of any given echosounder, specifically array type, angular sector, draft, and availability of a surface sound speed probe. The simulator works by objectively comparing a pair of consecutively collected sound speed profiles and reporting sounding uncertainty across the entire potential sounding space. Realtime visualizations of the uncertainty as a function of time and space allow the operator to tune …

Limnological Assistance For Lake Mead National Recreation Area: Quarterly Report, Period Ending September 30, 2010, Margaret N. Rees

Limnological Studies

Project 1

• Technical assistance with the implementation of the Interagency Monitoring Action Plan (I-MAP) for Quagga Mussels is ongoing. During this quarter, analysis was completed for 11 adult/juvenile samples from the winter 2009 – spring 2010 sampling. Two manuscripts related to the I-MAP were submitted to the peer-reviewed journal, Aquatic Invasions.

Project 2

• Topics and analyses have been approved for annual report development as prescribed by the Limnological and Aquatic Resource Monitoring and Research Plan for Lakes Mead and Mohave.
• Content, including links and photos for the front page, four limnology category web pages, and one associated page have been …

Beneath The Salt Marsh Canopy: Loss Of Soil Strength With Increasing Nutrient Loads, R. Eugene Turner

Faculty Publications

Although the broadly observed increase in nutrient loading rates to coastal waters in the last 100 years may increase aboveground biomass, it also tends to increase soil metabolism and lower root and rhizome biomass—responses that can compromise soil strength. Fourteen different multiyear field combinations of nutrient amendments to salt marshes were made to determine the relationship between soil strength and various nitrogen, phosphorus, and nitrogen+phosphorus loadings. There was a proportional decline in soil strength that reached 35% in the 60- to 100-cm soil layer at the highest loadings and did not level off. These loading rates are equivalent to those …

Determining The Index Of Refraction Of An Unknown Object Using Passive Polarimetric Imagery Degraded By Atmospheric Turbulence, Milo W. Hyde Iv

Theses and Dissertations

In this research, an algorithm is developed to estimate the index of refraction of an unknown object using passive polarimetric images degraded by atmospheric turbulence. The algorithm uses a variant of the maximum-likelihood blind-deconvolution algorithm developed by LeMaster and Cain to recover the true object (i.e., the first Stokes parameter), the degree of linear polarization, and the polarimetric-image point spread functions. Nonlinear least squares is then used to find the value of the complex index of refraction which best fits the theoretical degree of linear polarization, derived using a polarimetric bidirectional reflectance distribution function, to the turbulence-corrected degree of linear …