Assessing The Rate And Extent Of Transgenerational Acclimation And Adaptation To Ocean Warming,
2017
Nova Southeastern University
Assessing The Rate And Extent Of Transgenerational Acclimation And Adaptation To Ocean Warming, Abby C. Nease
HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations
A primary goal of climate change research is to determine if species will be able to persist in a warmer environment. Most studies predict climate change will cause many species to become extinct. However, these predictions are based on experiments where only a single life stage or generation of a species was exposed to predicted future conditions (i.e. shock treatments), and thus overlook the possibility of species adapting or acclimatizing to new environmental conditions over multiple generations. As a result, current projections of species persistence through climate change are likely to overestimate species extinction. In this study, the rate and …
Global Ranking Of U.S. Adults Concerned About Climate Change,
2017
Tyler Junior College
Global Ranking Of U.S. Adults Concerned About Climate Change, Eric Marek
Undergraduate Research Conference
Even with a plethora of evidence and the vast majority of climate scientists supporting climate change, there remains a considerable amount of denial among the public. The purpose of this research is to examine where the United States stands in relation to other countries on the topic of climate change. The aspects explored include the history of climate change, the effects of climate change on the environment, science literacy and pseudoscience beliefs, opposition to climate change, the mitigation of climate change, as well as public opinion of climate change. This paper will include measures taken by governments and businesses to …
Investigations Of The Spatial And Temporal Variations Of Sr And Nd Isotopes In Sediments From Two Indian Rivers: Implications To Source Identification,
2017
School of Resources and Environment Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
Investigations Of The Spatial And Temporal Variations Of Sr And Nd Isotopes In Sediments From Two Indian Rivers: Implications To Source Identification, Sonali Pradhan, Jing Zhang, Mark Baskaran, Prabhaker Vasant Shirodkar, Ying Wu, Umesh Kumar Pradhan
Environmental Science and Geology Faculty Research Publications
Radiogenic isotopes of Sr and Nd provide crucial information on chemical and physical erosion processes, therefore used as tracers for fingerprinting the sources of fluvial sediments. Moreover, elemental geochemistry, 87Sr/86Sr and 143Nd/144Nd signatures in silicate fractions of sediments primarily reflect intricate controls of characteristics and provenance of sediment. A suite of sediment samples collected from two rivers of India, Narmada (large) and Netravati (small) were analyzed for elemental concentrations, 87Sr/86Sr and 143Nd/144Nd in silicate as well as acid-leachable fractions. 87Sr/86Sr in acid-leachable sediment fractions from both the rivers (0.7094 ± 0.0002 for Narmada and 0.7158 ± 0.003 for Netravati) showed …
Environmental Justice And The Clean Power Plan: The Case Of Energy Efficiency,
2017
William & Mary Law School
Environmental Justice And The Clean Power Plan: The Case Of Energy Efficiency, Cecilia Martinez
William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review
No abstract provided.
From Rising Heat Comes Rising Tension In Syria: How Global Warming Started A War & Threatens Homeland Security,
2017
William & Mary Law School
From Rising Heat Comes Rising Tension In Syria: How Global Warming Started A War & Threatens Homeland Security, D'Andre Lampkin
William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review
This Essay investigates the links of climate change as it relates to civil unrest and terrorism in Syria and the ongoing civil war occurring in the region. The goals are to explore how climate change leads to instability in the region and gives rise to the spread of terrorist organizations, and to suggest solutions to lay the foundation for restoring economic, social, and political stability in the region.
Spatial Thinking And Cognitive Processing In Meteorology,
2017
Western Michigan University
Spatial Thinking And Cognitive Processing In Meteorology, Peggy Mcneal
Research and Creative Activities Poster Day
Evidence suggests that spatial skills are highly malleable and that training in spatial thinking is effective, durable, and transferrable1. Understanding how meteorologists employ spatial skills in the forecasting process has implications for operational weather forecasting and meteorology education. This study began with exploratory research that identified mental animation and disembedding as key spatial skills used in weather forecasting. A follow-on pilot study tested the instruments, collected think-aloud data and found a correlation between spatial skills and forecasting. The complete study, in progress, is investigating the effect of spatial thinking, working memory and expertise on forecast task performance.
Unusual Isotopic Effects Produced In Precipitation As A Byproduct Of Unusual Atmospheric Processes,
2017
Western Michigan University
Unusual Isotopic Effects Produced In Precipitation As A Byproduct Of Unusual Atmospheric Processes, Shelby Hurst
Research and Creative Activities Poster Day
Precipitation is the ultimate source of all surface and groundwater recharge. Stable oxygen and hydrogen isotope investigation of precipitation has a long history. The factors controlling these stable isotopes are well known and include mean annual temperature, amount of precipitation, altitude and air mass trajectory (Dansgaard, 1964; Yurtsever and Gat, 1981).
Δ13c And Δ15n In The Endangered Kemp’S Ridley Sea Turtle Lepidochelys Kempii After The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill,
2017
Texas A&M University at Galveston & Palm Beach Atlantic University
Δ13c And Δ15n In The Endangered Kemp’S Ridley Sea Turtle Lepidochelys Kempii After The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill, Kimberly J. Reich, Melania C. López-Castro, Donna J. Shaver, Claire Iseton, Kristen M. Hart, Michael J. Hooper, Christopher J. Schmitt
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
The Deepwater Horizon explosion in April 2010 and subsequent oil spill released 3.19 × 106 barrels (5.07 × 108 l) of MC252 crude oil into important foraging areas of the endangered Kemp’s ridley sea turtle Lepidochelys kempii (Lk) in the northern Gulf of Mexico (GoM). We measured δ13C and δ15N in scute biopsy samples from 33 Lk nesting in Texas during the period 2010 to 2012. Of these, 27 were equipped with satellite transmitters and were tracked to traditional foraging areas in the northern GoM after the spill. Differences in δ13C between the oldest and newest scute layers from 2010 …
Characterizing Gross Lesions In Corals On Fringing Reefs Of Taiwan And Hainan Island, China,
2017
University of South Florida
Characterizing Gross Lesions In Corals On Fringing Reefs Of Taiwan And Hainan Island, China, Adrienne George
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Visible lesions on coral colonies are potential indicators that environmental stressors are influencing a reef. To test this hypothesis, pairs of near-shore reefs on Taiwan were surveyed along an anthropogenically influenced gradient that included locations near the cities of Taipei and Taitung, and more remote reefs off Green Island. Two fringing reefs at Sanya, Hainan Island, a popular Chinese resort area, were also assessed. Field surveys were undertaken to detect, quantify and visually describe the occurrence of lesions at each site. Coral mucus samples were collected from both normal-appearing polyps and lesion-afflicted areas of colonies to assess carbon requirements of …
Vegetation Response To Invasive Tamarix Control In Southwestern U.S. Rivers: A Collaborative Study Including 416 Sites,
2017
Universite de Toulouse & University of Denver
Vegetation Response To Invasive Tamarix Control In Southwestern U.S. Rivers: A Collaborative Study Including 416 Sites, Eduardo Gonzalez, Anna A. Sher, Robert M. Anderson, Robin F. Bay, Daniel W. Bean, Gabriel J. Bissonnete, Berenger Bourgeois, David J. Cooper, Kara Dohrenwend, Kim D. Eichhorst, Hishma El Waer, Deborah K. Kennard, Rebecca Harms-Weissinger, Annie L. Henry, Lori J. Makarick, Steven M. Ostoja, Lindsay V. Reynolds, W. Wright Robinson, Patrick B. Shafroth
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
Most studies assessing vegetation response following control of invasive Tamarix trees along southwestern U.S. rivers have been small in scale (e.g., river reach), or at a regional scale but with poor spatial-temporal replication, and most have not included testing the effects of a now widely used biological control. We monitored plant composition following Tamarix control along hydrologic, soil, and climatic gradients in 244 treated and 172 reference sites across six U.S. states. This represents the largest comprehensive assessment to date on the vegetation response to the four most common Tamarix control treatments. Biocontrol by a defoliating beetle (treatment 1) reduced …
Direct Comparisons Of Ice Cloud Macro- And Microphysical Properties Simulated By The Community Atmosphere Model Version 5 With Hippo Aircraft Observations,
2017
University of Wyoming
Direct Comparisons Of Ice Cloud Macro- And Microphysical Properties Simulated By The Community Atmosphere Model Version 5 With Hippo Aircraft Observations, Chenglai Wu, Xiaohong Liu, Minghui Diao, Kai Zhang, Andrew Gettelman, Zheng Lu, Joyce Penner, Zhaohui Lin
Faculty Publications, Meteorology and Climate Science
In this study we evaluate cloud properties simulated by the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (CAM5) using in situ measurements from the HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observations (HIPPO) campaign for the period of 2009 to 2011. The modeled wind and temperature are nudged towards reanalysis. Model results collocated with HIPPO flight tracks are directly compared with the observations, and model sensitivities to the representations of ice nucleation and growth are also examined. Generally, CAM5 is able to capture specific cloud systems in terms of vertical configuration and horizontal extension. In total, the model reproduces 79.8 % of observed cloud occurrences inside model …
Oxidation Of Substituted Catechols At The Air-Water Interface: Production Of Carboxylic Acids, Quinones, And Polyphenols,
2017
University of Kentucky
Oxidation Of Substituted Catechols At The Air-Water Interface: Production Of Carboxylic Acids, Quinones, And Polyphenols, Elizabeth A. Pillar, Marcelo I. Guzman
Chemistry Faculty Publications
Anthropogenic activities contribute benzene, toluene, and anisole to the environment, which in the atmosphere are converted into the respective phenols, cresols, and methoxyphenols by fast gas-phase reaction with hydroxyl radicals (HO(•)). Further processing of the latter species by HO(•) decreases their vapor pressure as a second hydroxyl group is incorporated to accelerate their oxidative aging at interfaces and in aqueous particles. This work shows how catechol, pyrogallol, 3-methylcatechol, 4-methylcatechol, and 3-methoxycatechol (all proxies for oxygenated aromatics derived from benzene, toluene, and anisole) react at the air-water interface with increasing O3(g) during τc ≈ 1 μs contact time and contrasts their …
Link Between Local Phenology And Climate Change,
2017
Old Dominion University
Link Between Local Phenology And Climate Change, Blake Steiner, Tatyana Lobova
Virginias Collegiate Honors Council Conference
The SouthEast Virginia Phenology Project was initiated as collaboration between Norfolk Botanical Garden and Old Dominion University in 2010 to document phenology of seven native plants and potential effects of the climate change on their life cycle. The air temperature in Norfolk has increased on average by 0.02ºC per year since 1980. Four out of seven of taxonomically diverse plant species (Mayapple, Flowering Dogwood, Highbush Blueberry, and Common ButtonBush) exhibited significant sensitivity to warming temperatures. Of these four, only Common Buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis) had shown significant phenophases shift. Specifically, first flowering and first fruiting dates had shifted 2.7 …
Behavioral Response Of Small Everglades Fish To Hydrological Variation, Predator Cues And Parasites,
2017
Nova Southeastern University
Behavioral Response Of Small Everglades Fish To Hydrological Variation, Predator Cues And Parasites, J. Matthew Hoch, Stacey Spadafore, Dominique Olesen, Christopher A. Blanar
Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Proceedings, Presentations, Speeches, Lectures
No abstract provided.
"There Is No Planet B": Frame Disputes Within The Environmental Movement Over Geoengineering,
2017
University of South Florida
"There Is No Planet B": Frame Disputes Within The Environmental Movement Over Geoengineering, David Russell Zeller Jr.
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation examines frame disputes within the environmental movement over geoengineering proposals. Among other core framing tasks, social movement organizations must evaluate solutions and strategies for the social problems they seek to address. These framings are frequently disputed by those within the movement. Recent controversies regarding a set of climate intervention proposals commonly known as geoengineering offer the opportunity to document the ongoing construction of competing visions of environmental sustainability. The nascent quality of these proposals generate dissonant framings—episodes where organizations within the environmental movement exhibit disagreement about one or more core framing tasks—a situation Goffman referred to as a …
Spectral Remote Sensing Reflectance Of The Water Surface Collected At Multiple Stations On Cruises Dp03 And Dp04, May-August 2016,
2017
University of South Florida
Spectral Remote Sensing Reflectance Of The Water Surface Collected At Multiple Stations On Cruises Dp03 And Dp04, May-August 2016, Chuanmin Hu, David English, Jacki Long, Shaojie Sun, Jenifer Cannizzaro
DEEPEND Datasets
Remote sensing reflectance, Rrs(λ), is used for validation of airborne and satellite ocean color measurements. Inverse models also employ Rrs measurements to estimate the bio-optical properties of near-surface waters or shallow benthic environments. It has been used to detect algal blooms, floating vegetation. The presence of oil also alters the water’s specular reflectance properties, and thus the measured Rrs. Rrs(λ) is measured from the ship using a handheld spectroradiometer. Multiple measurements of the light reflected from the water’s surface, a portion of the sky, and a calibrated, diffuse reflectance reference plaque are made using a spectroradiometer with a limited field …
Using Knowledge Of Shark Biology And Behavior To Inform Management And Conservation Efforts For The Globally Distributed And Fishery Exploited Shortfin Mako (Isurus Oxyrinchus),
2017
Nova Southeastern University
Using Knowledge Of Shark Biology And Behavior To Inform Management And Conservation Efforts For The Globally Distributed And Fishery Exploited Shortfin Mako (Isurus Oxyrinchus), Mark Rubinas
HCNSO Student Capstones
The shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) is a regionally endothermic lamnid shark with a circumglobal distribution in temperate and tropical waters. This species has special adaptations for a highly migratory, apex predator lifestyle, including specialized anatomical structures, the retia mirabilia, that allows maintenance of a higher than ambient internal body temperature, a higher percentage of red muscle fibers located closer to its body core compared to ectothermic sharks, and specialized dermal denticles to help achieve the remarkable swimming speeds for efficient predation. However, many parts of the life history of the shortfin mako are still unknown, and difficult to …
Behavioral Response Of Small Everglades Fish To Hydrological Variation, Predator Cues And Parasites,
2017
Nova Southeastern University
Behavioral Response Of Small Everglades Fish To Hydrological Variation, Predator Cues And Parasites, J. Matthew Hoch, Stacey Spadafore, Dominique Olesen, Christopher A. Blanar
Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Proceedings, Presentations, Speeches, Lectures
No abstract provided.
Grand Challenges In Understanding The Interplay Of Climate And Land Changes,
2017
U.S. Geological Survey
Grand Challenges In Understanding The Interplay Of Climate And Land Changes, Shuguang Liu, Ben Bond-Lamberty, Lena R. Boysen, James D. Ford, Andrew Fox, Kevin Gallo, Jerry Hatfield, Geoffrey M. Henebry, Thomas G. Huntington, Zhihua Liu, Thomas R. Loveland, Richard J. Norby, Terry Sohl, Allison L. Steiner, Wenping Yuan, Zhao Zhang, Shuqing Zhao
GSCE Faculty Publications
Half of Earth’s land surface has been altered by human activities, creating various consequences on the climate and weather systems at local to global scales, which in turn affect a myriad of land surface processes and the adaptation behaviors. This study reviews the status and major knowledge gaps in the interactions of land and atmospheric changes and present 11 grand challenge areas for the scientific research and adaptation community in the coming decade. These land-cover and land-use change (LCLUC)-related areas include 1) impacts on weather and climate, 2) carbon and other biogeochemical cycles, 3) biospheric emissions, 4) the water cycle, …
Weather Variability And The Tourism Industry: A Panel Data Analysis,
2017
Bryant University
Weather Variability And The Tourism Industry: A Panel Data Analysis, Carmela Coppola
Honors Projects in Economics
Increasing weather variability around the world has led to many researchers examining the impacts of weather variability on vulnerable industries. For example, the tourism industry can make up a large portion of an economy’s growth, with some of the most dependent countries relying on tourism for over 40% of GDP (World Travel & Tourism Council 2014). In an attempt to better understand the relationship between weather variability and the tourism industry at the country level, this study employs a series of fixed effects panel regression models to analyze the impact of rainfall and temperature on tourism levels and growth rates …
