Large or Food Animal and Equine Medicine Commons^™

Fatty Acid Composition Of Beef Fed Omnigen- Af At Receiving Or Finishing, Katherine I. Domenech, Michael D. Chao, Joe O. Buntyn Buntyn, Ty B. Schmidt, Chris Calkins

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Beef fatty acid profiles and superoxide dismutase activity were determined for cattle receiving OmniGen- AF supplementation (a patented nutritional supplement) at receiving (first 28 d at the feedlot) or throughout finishing (all 210 d of finishing) vs. a control group (non- supplemented). Th e most meaningful change in fatty acid composition from inclusion of OmniGen- AF was total poly- unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content where beef from the finishing group had more PUFA content in relation to the receiving group and was not different from the control group. Despite this increase in PUFA, cattle supplemented through finishing tended to have …

Effect Of Backgrounding System On Steer Performance And Carcass Characteristics, Jordan L. Cox, Kristin E. Hales, Kristen M. Ulmer Ulmer, Richard J. Rasby, Steven D. Shackleford, Chad Engle, John Rieckman, Harvey C. Freetly, Mary Drewnoski

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The impact of 3 backgrounding systems: grazing corn residue with distillers grains supplementation at 0.86% BW/d, grazing an oats-brassica forage, or feeding a grower ration in a drylot on finishing performance and carcass characteristics were evaluated. Backgrounding phase gains were greatest for steers fed a grower ration in the drylot (3.58 lb/d), intermediate for steers grazing oats-brassica forage and then fed the grower ration for short period (2.65 lb/d), and least for steers grazing corn residue while supplemented distillers grains and then fed the grower ration for short period (2.22 lb/d). These backgrounding treatment differences did not affect ADG during …

Perceptions Of Crop Consultants And Producers On Grazing Corn Residue In Nebraska, Jordan L. Cox, Kristen M. Ulmer, Manir Rakkar Rakkar, Lisa Franzen-Castle, Humberto Blanco-Canqui, Mary Drewnoski, Jim C. Macdonald, Richard J. Rasby

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A survey was conducted to explore factors influencing corn residue grazing recommendations by crop consultants and producer practices in Nebraska. Approximately 80% of consultants recommended grazing corn residue, while 63% of producers allowed grazing. Of producers who did not graze, about 50% cited concerns related to soil compaction, inconvenience (lack of water, fencing, and land/equipment damage), and lack of access to livestock. Producers who allowed and consultants who recommended grazing were more likely to perceive that grazing residue increased subsequent grain yields. Most consultants (56.0%) and producers (43.8%) reported making decisions in regards to grazing based on their own observation. …

Shelf Life Of Ground Beef From Cattle Fed Distillers Grains Containing Different Amounts Of Oil, Faith D. Rasmussen, Chad G. Bower, Gary A. Sullivan Sullivan

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Beef shoulder clods were collected from steers fed one of four finishing diets: no distillers grains and three with distillers grains containing different amounts of oil. Raw ground beef patties were evaluated for changes in objective color, discoloration, and lipid oxidation during simulated retail display (7 days). Cooked beef links in refrigerated (18 days) and frozen storage (198 days) were analyzed for lipid oxidation throughout shelf life. Fatty acid profiles were evaluated in lean, subcutaneous fat, and ground composite samples. All distillers grain diets increased C18:2 and polyunsaturated fatty acids in beef. There were no dietary differences in lipid oxidation …

Rumen Undegradable Protein And Bambermycins Supplementation Of Calves Grazing Corn Residue, Cody A. Welchons, Robert G. Bondurant, F. Henry Hilscher Hilscher, Jim C. Macdonald, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Steer calves grazing non- irrigated corn residue were supplemented with a corn residue and by- product pellet that contained either Soypass, soybean meal, or processed soybean meal at a rate of 4 lb / d. Additionally, a supplement was fed at 1 lb / d that provided 0 or 20 mg / steer daily of bambermycins (Gainpro®). There was no interaction between bambermycins inclusion and pellet type. Likewise, there was no effect of pellet type or bambermycins on ending BW or ADG. In order to maximize gain of calves grazing corn residue it is important to provide a supplement that …

Pooled Gain Analysis Of Steers Grazing Corn Residue And Supplemented With Distillers Grains, Cody A. Welchons, Jim C. Macdonald

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A pooled analysis combined data from three trials in which steer calves grazing corn residue were supplemented with distillers grains at varying amounts as a percent of BW. A regression equation was calculated in order to provide an accurate estimate of gain for calves fed distillers grains at various rates. Steers supplemented with distillers grains in a range from 0.3 to 1.1% of BW (1.5 to 6.5 lb / steer daily) had estimated gains that ranged from 1.07 to 1.94 lb / d. Th is prediction equation provides an estimate of gain for calves supplemented with distillers grains at various …

Effect Of Feeding Field Peas On Fresh Beef Quality, Hope R. Voegele, Katherine I. Domenech, Emery K. Kunze Kunze, Felipe A. Ribeiro, Karla H. Jenkins, Jim C. Macdonald, Chris R. Calkins

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Th is study was conducted over two years to evaluate the use of field peas during two phases of production (grazing and finishing) on overall fresh beef quality. The backgrounding treatments included: no supplement, field peas, or dry- rolled corn and finishing treatments included the presence or absence of field peas. Loin samples (n = 232) were aged for 14 d and placed under retail display conditions for 7 d. Dietary treatments had no effect on tenderness (WBSF or SSF) or visual discoloration and minimal effects on objective color, lipid oxidation and fatty acid composition. These data indicate field peas …

Delineating Complex Forage Mixtures Using Plant-Wax Markers, Napoleón Vargas Jurado, Hannah C. Hamilton, Ronald M. Lewis

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Plant waxes provide a marker profile of individual plants that, when sufficiently distinct, can be used to estimate the diet composition of grazing cattle. They also may provide a tool for reliably predicting feed intake. The traditional method (nonnegative least squares) to use these markers to predict diet composition has limitations. A newer statistical approach (Bayesian linear unmixing) deemed more efficient was tested with simulation. Samples from 8 forage species in Nebraska were analyzed for their plant- wax marker contents. Those concentrations were used to simulate 1000 diets for 4 mixtures containing 2, 3, 5 or 8 plants. The efficiency …

Nutrient Content Of Summer-Planted Oats After Corn Harvest And Grazing Performance, Kristen M. Ulmer, Robert G. Bondurant, Jana L. Gramkow Gramkow, Mary E. Drewnoski, James C. Macdonald

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Annual forages provide producers with an alternative grazing source in the fall. A cover crop grazing study was conducted following corn harvest to evaluate the steer ADG and yield of summer sown oats and turnips planted after either high moisture corn or corn silage production. Th e gain of steers grazing oats aft er silage was 1.29 lb/day, while the gain of steers grazing corn residue and oats aft er high moisture corn was 0.72 lb/day. Average oat forage production aft er silage harvest was 2857 lb/acre, while oat production following corn harvest was 523 lb/ acre. Fall forage production …

Effect Of Corn Residue Grazing Or Baling On Subsequent Crop Yield And Nutrient Removal, Kristen M. Ulmer, Jordan L. Cox, Manbir K. Rakkar Rakkar, Robert G. Bondurant, Humberto Blanco-Canqui, Mary Drewnoski, Karla H. Jenkins, James C. Macdonald, Rick J. Rasby

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A 2- year study evaluated the effect of corn residue baling or grazing on subsequent yields, as well as, nutrient removal by baling at five locations in Nebraska. Three treatments were applied to each field: baled, grazed, and control (no baling and no grazing). Grain and stover yields were measured by hand harvest at maturity. No differences were observed among treatments for corn yield with baled having yields of 234 bu grain / acre, grazed with 239 bu grain / acre and control with 223 bu grain / acre. Th ere was no difference in stover yield among treatments (8,326, …

Timed Insemination Vs. Modified Estrus Detection In Beef Heifers, Benjamin T. Tibbitts, Tonya L. Meyer, Dan J. Kelly Kelly, Richard N. Funston

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Th e objective of this study was to compare a modified estrus detection and fixed time AI vs. no estrus detection and fixed time AI on subsequent pregnancy rates. Yearling heifers were estrus synchronized and AI at 72 ± 2 h after prostaglandin injection. In one group estrus was not detected and all heifers received gonadotropin releasing hormone at the fixed- time AI; in the other group estrus was detected at 58 ± 2 and 70 ± 2 h after prostaglandin and inseminated in the following order at 72 ± 2 h: heifers in estrus at 58 h, heifers in …

Growth And Reproductive Performance Of Yearling Beef Heifers Implanted With Revalor G In The Nebraska Sandhills, Benjamin T. Tibbitts, Hazy Rae Nielson, K. H. Ramsay Ramsay, Richard N. Funston

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Th is study evaluated effects of a single stocker implant (Revalor G) on growth and reproductive performance of yearling beef heifers in the Nebraska Sandhills. Crossbred heifers, grazing native Sandhills range, were randomly assigned to either be implanted 82 ± 2 days prior to estrus synchronization, or not implanted, to determine the effects of growth implants on heifer performance. Heifers were bred via artificial insemination followed with clean- up bulls. Implanted heifers gained more and were heavier at the end of the trial, but had a reduced pregnancy rate than non- implanted heifers. Implanted heifers also had a lower pregnancy …

Statistics Used In The Nebraska Beef Report And Their Purpose

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The purpose of beef cattle and beef product research at UNL is to provide reference information that represents the various populations (cows, calves, heifers, feeders, carcasses, retail products, etc) of beef production. Obviously, the researcher cannot apply treatments to every member of a population; therefore he/ she must sample the population. The use of statistics allows the researcher and readers of the Nebraska Beef report the opportunity to evaluate separation of random (chance) occurrences and real biological effects of a treatment. Following is a brief description of the major statistics used in the beef report. For a more detailed description …

Impact Of Heifer Development System In Two Different Breeding Seasons, Shelby A. Springman, Hazy Rae Nielson, Jacqueline A. Musgrave Musgrave, John Nollette, Andy Applegarth, Richard N. Funston

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Replacement heifers from March and May calving herds were offered ad libitum meadow hay and 4 lb/d supplement or grazed meadow and offered 1 lb/d supplement from mid- January to mid- April. Heifers fed hay gained more during the treatment; however, heifers grazing meadow experienced compensatory gain, resulting in similar body weight at pregnancy diagnosis in both calving herds. Pregnancy rates were similar between treatment groups in March and May heifers. A reduced input winter management system is a viable option to maintain pregnancy rates in early and late summer breeding seasons.

Effects Of Distillers Grains Or Fiber On Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli In Steers, Liesel G. Schneider, Curtis J. Bittner, Jordan E. Burhoop Burhoop, F. Henry Hilscher, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Rodney A. Moxley, David R. Smith

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Increased probability for fecal shedding and colonization by Escherichia coli O157:H7 has been observed in previous studies when steers are fed increased inclusions of distillers grains. A feeding study was conducted to determine if distillers grains or fiber from distillers grains in the finishing ration of feedlot steers affected fecal shedding prevalence of seven serogroups of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC- 7). For EHEC O45 and EHEC O103, the greatest prevalence of shedding occurred when steers were fed increased distillers grains For all EHECs except for O111, fecal shedding prevalence was similar between the corn control and either of the corn …

Effect Of Long- Term Corn Residue Grazing On Soil Properties, Manbir K. Rakkar, Humberto Blanco, Mary E. Drewnoski Drewnoski, Jim C. Macdonald, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of long- term (16 years) corn residue grazing with cattle on soil compaction, soil structure, soil organic matter, and nutrients. Three treatments: 1) fall grazing (November through January; 1.8 to 2.5 AUM/ac), 2) spring grazing (February to middle April; 2.3 to 3.1 AUM/ac), and 3) control (no grazing) under a no- till irrigated corn- soybean system in eastern Nebraska were studied. Crop yields were increased and soil bulk density and cone index (parameters of soil compaction), wet soil aggregate stability (parameter of soil structural quality), and organic matter content were not affected …

Effect Of Increasing Supplemental Rumen Undegradable Protein (Rup) On Performance Of Calves Fed A Silage Growing Diet, Colton R. Oney, F. Henry Hilscher, Robert G. Bondurant Bondurant, Andrea K. Watson, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A growing study evaluated the effects of increasing supplemental rumen undegradable protein (RUP) on performance of calves fed an 85% corn silage diet. Five levels of supplementation were evaluated with 12 individually fed steers per level of supplement. Supplement levels consisted of 0, 3.25, 6.5, 9.75 and 13% supplemental RUP (% of diet DM) fed as a blend of 60% Soypass and 40% Empyreal. Increasing supplemental RUP in the diet increased ending body weight and average daily gain linearly, and decreased F:G linearly while DMI remained constant among treatments. As cattle grew from 600 to 730 lb, F:G was improved …

Effect Of Three Initial Implant Programs With A Common Terminal Revalor®- 200 On Feedlot Performance And Carcass Traits Of Weaned Steers, Colton R. Oney, Galen E. Erickson, Andrea K. Watson Watson, Marshall N. Streeter, Robert J. Cooper, Bill D. Dicke, D. J. Jordon, Tony L. Scott

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A commercial feedlot study utilizing 1,350 calf- fed steers (initial BW = 623 lb; ±23 lb) compared three initial implant strategies: Revalor®- IS (day 1), Revalor®- IS (day 1) and Revalor®- 200 (day 67), or Revalor®- XS (day 1). Each initial implant strategy was followed by a terminal Revalor®- 200 implant (day 133) to determine effects on performance and carcass traits. No differences in final body weight, intake, gain, or feed conversion were observed on either a live, or carcass adjusted basis. Th ere were also no differences in hot carcass weight, USDA quality grade, or USDA yield grade. Results …

2017 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report (Complete)

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Contents

Cow/Calf: Effect of Heifer Development System on Reproduction and Subsequent Gain as a Pregnant Heifer • Impact of Heifer Development System in Two Breeding Seasons • Timed Insemination vs. Modifi ed Estrus Detection in Beef Heifers • Growth and Reproductive Performance of Yearling Beef Heifers Implanted with Revalor G in the Nebraska Sandhills • Development of Terminal and Maternal Economic Selection Indices in Beefmaster Cattle • Effects of Wintering System on Cow and Calf Performance in a Summer- Calving Intensive Production System • Methods to Increase Productivity of Spring Calving Production Systems in the Nebraska Sandhills

Growing: Effect of …

Effect Of Heifer Development System On Reproduction And Subsequent Gain As A Pregnant Heifer, Shelby A. Springman, Hazy Rae Nielson, Tonya L. Meyer, Mike Kirby, Jim Teichert, Richard N. Funston

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Weaned heifers grazed corn residue, upland range, or were fed 1 of 2 drylot diets differing in energy. Heifer development diets did not impact their resulting AI or final pregnancy rates. Cost per pregnant heifer was similar among treatments. A subset of AI- pregnant heifers was placed in a Calan Broadbent individual feeding system during late gestation. As a pregnant heifer, feed efficiency was not impacted by development system. These results indicate producers may utilize their most readily available and/or cost- effective feed resources with no detriment to pregnancy rates or feed efficiency as first- calf heifers.