Social Network Correlates Of Hcv And Hiv Transmission Risk Behaviors Among Injecting Drug Users,
2015
Walden University
Social Network Correlates Of Hcv And Hiv Transmission Risk Behaviors Among Injecting Drug Users, Victor Emanuel Reyes-Ortiz
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Drug injection is an increasingly important risk factor in the transmission of blood-borne pathogens, including the hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of social network factors on HCV and HIV. The study was grounded in social network theory and sought to determine whether social network characteristics affect high-risk sexual and drug injection behavior as well as self-reported HIV and HCV status. The study design was a quantitative cross-sectional survey. A total of 181 participants in a needle exchange program completed a survey in Spanish assessing individual drug …
Awareness Of Diabetes Risk Associated With Individuals 18 And Older,
2015
Walden University
Awareness Of Diabetes Risk Associated With Individuals 18 And Older, Rebecca Jane Boone
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The risk of developing Type 2 diabetes is increasing at epidemic proportions, and is 12-17% higher in Marion County Florida than it is across the state, based on Florida Department of Health statistics. The purpose of this DNP project was to determine if awareness of individual risk of developing Type 2 diabetes through a questionnaire would result in high-risk participants agreeing to attend a diabetes prevention program (DPP) at a local medical clinic. The health belief model and Rosswurm and Larrabee's model for change were used as frameworks. The review of the literature showed that prevention programs were highly effective …
Cultural Beliefs And Experiences Of Formal Caregivers Providing Dementia Care To American Indians,
2015
Walden University
Cultural Beliefs And Experiences Of Formal Caregivers Providing Dementia Care To American Indians, Damon Grew Syphers
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a significant public health concern for all elders in the United States. It is a particular concern for the American Indian (AI) population, which is one of the fastest-aging populations in the United States and the smallest, most underrecognized, and most culturally-diverse group in the country. A formal caregiver understanding of AD in the AI population is scarce. This phenomenological study was designed to discern what is known about AD in the AI population by exploring the cultural beliefs and experiences of formal caregivers who provide care for AI dementia patients. Specifically, this study sought to …
Hiv Testing Among Young African American Men Who Have Sex With Men,
2015
Walden University
Hiv Testing Among Young African American Men Who Have Sex With Men, Tayo B. Awopeju
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Young African American men who have sex with men (AAMSM) are at greater risk of being infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and less likely to seek HIV testing than are members of other demographic groups. This behavior results in a significant public health threat because young AAMSM with an unrecognized HIV infection are less likely to practice safer sex and, therefore, more likely to pass the infection on to their partners. This study is an examination of the social and personality factors that influence HIV testing rates among young AAMSM, using Aday's model of the social determinants of …
Health Care Seeking Behavior And Provider Responses For Hcv-Positive African Americans,
2015
Walden University
Health Care Seeking Behavior And Provider Responses For Hcv-Positive African Americans, Kathleen Susanna Bailey
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Of the 3.5 million persons infected with chronic HCV in the United States, the African American population is the largest racial group with chronic HCV. Disparities in access to care and treatment involve a complex set of individual, interpersonal, socioeconomic, and environmental factors that influence the course of HCV infection in the African American population, resulting in poorer outcomes and survival. Drawing upon both the theory of reasoned action and the theory of planned behavior, this study was conducted to determine whether the seeking of health care by HCV-positive African Americans and the responses of health care providers to HCV-positive …
Promotion Of The Hospital's Patient Portal,
2015
Walden University
Promotion Of The Hospital's Patient Portal, Courtnie Jones Burrell
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services wanted to ensure that electronic health records were used in a meaningful manner to improve coordination and quality of patient care. In 2011, the federal government began offering monetary incentives to help healthcare facilities and providers adopt technology that supported patient access and increased their ability to manage their own health. The hospital where this project took place encouraged patients’ involvement in their health by providing a patient portal, yet the public has underutilized it. The purpose of this project was to develop an evidence-based strategy for future implementation at the hospital that …
Association Of Bisphenol A And C-Reactive Protein Concentrations With Cardiovascular Diseases,
2015
Walden University
Association Of Bisphenol A And C-Reactive Protein Concentrations With Cardiovascular Diseases, Hassan Salim Naji
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Bisphenol A (BPA), a widely used chemical in plastic, has drawn wide attention due to its presence in many consumer products and the environment. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between urinary BPA and the reporting of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and then to examine the effect of C-reactive protein (CRP) as a moderating variable. The data used in this research were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey collected in 2009-2010. Guided by the advanced epidemiological triangle, analysis involved 2 stepwise binary logistic regressions. The first step suggested that the controls were significant in …
Use Of Traditional 3-Hour Lectures In Preparing Students For The Childbearing Clinical Setting,
2015
Walden University
Use Of Traditional 3-Hour Lectures In Preparing Students For The Childbearing Clinical Setting, Teresa Pohle
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Following completion of a 4-year nursing program, some graduates have difficulty applying theories learned in the classroom to the clinical environment. This difficulty results in healthcare employers providing additional in-house training to ensure graduates' ability to safely care for their patients. The purpose of this research was to explore how traditional lecture methods have prepared students for the clinical environment. Based on a constructivist theoretical framework, a case study design was used to examine students' learning of theories delivered by traditional lecture methods. The research questions focused on student activities in the classroom and clinical setting, teaching strategies, critical thinking …
Depression And Hiv Risk Among African American Men Who Have Sex With Men,
2015
Walden University
Depression And Hiv Risk Among African American Men Who Have Sex With Men, Sonya Anyaka
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
African American men who have sex with men (AAMSM) are at a greater risk of contracting HIV than any other ethnic group, subpopulation, or race. Personal, environmental, and social variables can affect risk behavior. Driven by Beck's cognitive theory of depression, this quantitative study examined the relationship between depression and HIV risk behaviors in a sample of AAMSM (n = 108). Data was gathered via the Beck Depression Inventory and the HIV Risk Behavior Questionnaire. Simple and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted to analyze the data to determine the correlation between HIV risk behavior and depression. According to study …
Planning For A Community Supported Farmers Market In A Rural Usda Food Desert,
2015
Walden University
Planning For A Community Supported Farmers Market In A Rural Usda Food Desert, Carrie Lynn Engelbright
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
A community initiative to develop and sustain a farmer's market can address insufficient access to fresh and affordable fruits and vegetables for individuals working and residing in a United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) designated food desert. This project addressed a particular USDA food desert in South Wood County, Wisconsin. The purpose of this project was to develop and plan for implementation and evaluation of a community-supported farmers market in South Wood County, with the goal to increase access to fruits and vegetables. Project objectives included development of a sustainable community infrastructure to support the market, development of policies and …
Psychosocial Determinants Of Elective Cesarean Section Deliveries In Selected Obstetric Facilities In Nairobi, Kenya,
2015
Walden University
Psychosocial Determinants Of Elective Cesarean Section Deliveries In Selected Obstetric Facilities In Nairobi, Kenya, Tom Joseph Oguta
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Cesarean section (CS) rates have generally increased across the world in the past decade. Reducing elective cesarean section (ECS) rates is imperative as many countries aim to maintain threshold CS rates at or below 15%, the level recommended by the United States' National Institutes of Health. Women are believed to consider ECS for various interconnected psychosocial reasons, but few quantitative studies have investigated these factors. This prospective cohort study was based on the social ecological model (SEM) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB) models, and identified the psychosocial predictors of ECS among 1,268 expectant women in 2 hospitals in …
Herpes Virus Infections, Inflammatory Markers And Risk Of Developing T2dm And Cvd: An Analysis Of Nhanes With Adults, Aged 20-49, 1999-2010,
2015
Walden University
Herpes Virus Infections, Inflammatory Markers And Risk Of Developing T2dm And Cvd: An Analysis Of Nhanes With Adults, Aged 20-49, 1999-2010, Margarita Irizarry-De La Cruz
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Herpes simplex viruses (HSVs), are among the most virulent and widespread pathogens; they affect 60-90% of the population worldwide. Substantial evidence indicates a possible association between pathogens and chronic disease. HSVs, among other viruses, have been associated with increased risk for inflammatory diseases. However, prior findings have been inconsistent on the role of infection in triggering autoimmune response and chronic disease. This study builds on the premise that pathogens can induce an inflammatory response and increase the risk for disease development. A representative U.S. sample from NHANES, a national population-based cross-sectional survey, was used to examine the relationship between HSVs …
Caregiver Status And Self-Reported Health Status Among African American,
2015
Walden University
Caregiver Status And Self-Reported Health Status Among African American, Phanta Soko Sackor
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
African American women (AAW) are at a high risk for type 2 diabetes, a debilitating and potentially fatal disease for which there is no cure. The purpose of this study was to extend the research of Mosca et al. (2012) by examining the relationship between caregiver status and self-reported health status for AAW 18 years or older diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The chronic care model (CCM) provided the theoretical framework for this study. The CCM promoted routine care for patients with chronic illnesses to migrate from acute care to proactive, planned, and risk-based protocols. A binomial logistic regression investigated …
Disparities In Monoclonal Antibody Treatment Of Elderly Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients,
2015
Walden University
Disparities In Monoclonal Antibody Treatment Of Elderly Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients, Krista Marie Schroeder
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Multiple research studies have demonstrated racial, socioeconomic status (SES), and neighborhood disparities in first-line treatment of colorectal cancer patients, including those with metastatic colorectal cancer. However, disparities in adjunct monoclonal antibody treatment disparities have not been explored. The purpose of this study was to assess racial, SES, and neighborhood disparities in adjunct monoclonal antibody treatment of elderly metastatic colorectal cancer patients. The research was rooted in 3 theories: the fundamental cause theory, the diffusion of innovations theory, and theory of health disparities and medical technology. Data from the SEER-Medicare database and logistic regression were used to assess the relationship between …
Evaluation Of A Mobile Health Intervention To Improve Anti-Retroviral Treatment Retention In South Africa,
2015
Walden University
Evaluation Of A Mobile Health Intervention To Improve Anti-Retroviral Treatment Retention In South Africa, Ambereen Jaffer
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
South Africa has one of the highest HIV prevalence rates globally, with nearly 2.5 million people accessing antiretroviral treatment (ART) at the end of 2013. Retaining patients on ART has become a major problem in this country. When patients no longer show up for ART for unknown reasons, they are considered lost to follow-up (LTF). LTF is the highest contributor to ART attrition. This study, guided by the health belief model, evaluated the effectiveness of a technology-based, mobile health (mHealth) appointment reminder intervention on LTF among patients accessing ART services. The study ascertained differences in 6- and 12-month LTF rates …
The Association Between Online Risk Behaviors And Real Life Sexual Behaviors Among African American Female Adolescents,
2015
Walden University
The Association Between Online Risk Behaviors And Real Life Sexual Behaviors Among African American Female Adolescents, Nicole Rankine
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
An increased exposure to the sexual content of traditional mass media (i.e., television, magazines, movies, music) affects real life sexual behaviors among adolescents. Engaging in online risk behaviors such as sharing/posting sexual content using social networking sites, cellphones, smartphones, IPads, or other new media devices has become common among adolescents. The purpose of this quantitative, correlation study, based upon the theory of reasoned action and three pre-existing national surveys, was to determine whether significant associations exist between attitudes, intentions, and behaviors related to online risk behaviors and real life sexual behaviors among African American female adolescents in Metro Atlanta. Data …
Needs Assessment For A Nurse Practitioner-Led Transitional Care Program,
2015
Walden University
Needs Assessment For A Nurse Practitioner-Led Transitional Care Program, Maria Victoria Trinidad Salcedo
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The rising cost of health care and changes in healthcare delivery have prompted a need to improve continuity from the hospital to home. This scholarly project was initiated to assess the impact on patient outcomes related to initiation of a nurse practitioner-led transitional care program (TCP). Using the Diffusion of Innovations and Health Belief Models, the purpose of this study was to identify the impact of a TCP on improving the health of patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), diabetes mellitus Type II (DM II), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD). The impact of the TCP was evaluated by a …
Completion Of Preventive Health Care Actions By Older Women With Hiv/Aids,
2015
Walden University
Completion Of Preventive Health Care Actions By Older Women With Hiv/Aids, Patricia Kay Correll
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The widespread use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has resulted in longer lifespans for HIV seropositive women in the United States, during which preventive health care is recommended. Failing to complete recommended cancer screening tests can result in cancer being diagnosed at a later stage with a poorer prognosis. The purpose of the study, based on the ecosocial theory, was to describe the sociodemographic and clinical variables of HIV seropositive women who failed to complete recommended screening tests for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers, and determine if the presence of hypertension, obesity, diabetes, depression, or tobacco use impacted the …
Vitamin D Deficiency And Immune Function In African American, Hiv-Infected Men,
2015
Walden University
Vitamin D Deficiency And Immune Function In African American, Hiv-Infected Men, Rana H. Ismail
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Vitamin D deficiency is common in individuals diagnosed with HIV and is known for its detrimental health effects. Its recognition as a potent immune-modulator with possible immune health implications in HIV disease progression was the main impetus for this study. The association between Vitamin D and CD4 count falls short of being consistent and is too weak to allow conclusions. Similarly, the literature is inconsistent with regard to the impact of Vitamin D supplementation on CD4. This observational, retrospective chart review study aimed to explore the relationship between Vitamin D deficiency and CD4 count/percent, and to evaluate whether changes in …
Food Policy: Urban Farming As A Supplemental Food Source,
2015
Walden University
Food Policy: Urban Farming As A Supplemental Food Source, Bessie Didomenica
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The distance between farms and cities and the limited access that some residents have to fresh foods can be detrimental to a city's capacity to feed people over time. This study addressed the under-studied topic of urban farming as a secondary food source, specifically by exploring the opportunities and limitations of urban farming in a large Northeastern city. Brundtland's food policy was the pivotal theory supporting food production to end global starvation, and was the link between environmental conservation and human survival. The research question for this study examined the potential food policy opportunities and limitations that assist urban farms …
