Analysis Of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Treatment Adherence In An Inner-City Clinic,
2018
Walden University
Analysis Of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Treatment Adherence In An Inner-City Clinic, Yvonne Washington-Turay
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
More than 10 million people in the United States are known to have latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), and more than 300,000 begin treatment for LTBI annually. However, many fail to adhere to therapy for numerous reasons. The purpose of this project was to evaluate the impact of a new guideline, Targeted Tuberculin Testing and the Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis, at inner-city tuberculosis (TB) control clinic in the United States. The practice-focused question for the project asked if the implementation of the clinical guideline using a shorter regimen improved LTBI treatment adherence. The health beliefs model was the framework used to …
County Health Leadership And Readiness For Noncommunicable Disease Services,
2018
Walden University
County Health Leadership And Readiness For Noncommunicable Disease Services, Paul Wekesa Agunga
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Premature mortality resulting from the growing global burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) is a contemporary development challenge. Low-income and lower-middle-income countries are disproportionately affected, with the poorest in society considered the most vulnerable. A paucity of literature exists on how leadership practices at the implementation level relate to ensuring readiness for NCD services. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether any relationship exists between leadership practices at the county level and readiness for NCD services in Kenya. Path-goal and adaptive leadership theories were used to guide this quantitative correlational study, using secondary data from a 2013 Service Availability …
Factors Affecting Colorectal Cancer Screening Among African-Born Immigrants In The United States,
2018
Walden University
Factors Affecting Colorectal Cancer Screening Among African-Born Immigrants In The United States, Chidoziri Chibundu
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Despite the evidence that colorectal cancer screening is effective in reducing the incidence of and mortality from colorectal cancer, racial and ethnic disparities in colorectal cancer screening persist in the United States. African-born immigrants in the United States have lower colorectal cancer screening rates than native-born Americans. The purpose of this quantitative, retrospective, cross-sectional study was to examine how family income, health insurance status, language of interview, length of stay in the United States, perceived health status, level of education, and having a usual place for medical care affect colorectal cancer screening among African-born immigrants in the United States. The …
Predictors Of Binge Drinking In High School Youths In Montgomery County, Maryland,
2018
Walden University
Predictors Of Binge Drinking In High School Youths In Montgomery County, Maryland, Lum M. Fube
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Underage drinking is a major problem in the United States, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. About 43,000 deaths a year result from binge drinking in youths at a cost of $24 billion in 2010 to the U.S. economy. The purpose of this quantitative dissertation was to examine the predictors of binge drinking in high school youths in a highly racial diverse community of Montgomery County, Maryland. The social ecological model was the theoretical framework used for this study due to the presence of both personal and contextual factors that influence behavior. Using binary logistic regression to analyze data from …
Hiv Testing Service Utilization Among Men And Women In Dominica,
2018
Walden University
Hiv Testing Service Utilization Among Men And Women In Dominica, Carol Rosetta Jno.Baptiste-Smith
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Voluntary HIV/AIDS testing and counselling (VHTC) is one of the preventive measures used in many countries to decrease the spread of HIV/AIDS. Archived data from National HIV/AIDS Response Program's (NHARP) raw 2016 dataset were used to identify relationships and to assess significant differences between sociodemographic factors and selected sexual risk behaviours versus VHTC practices among adults 18 years and older who resided in Dominica. The health belief model was used as the framework for this cross-sectional study. The sample comprised 982 participants (40% [394] men and 60% [588] women). Logistic regression analysis was used to assess associations between sociodemographic and …
Impediments Of Self-Managed Type 2 Diabetes In Mgbidi Women, Nigeria,
2018
Walden University
Impediments Of Self-Managed Type 2 Diabetes In Mgbidi Women, Nigeria, Augustina Oha
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Type 2 diabetes is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia that affects fat, protein, and carbohydrate metabolism. Researchers have identified that for individuals with Type 2 diabetes, staying on interventions for diabetes self-management is sometimes difficult and challenging. It is an increasing public health concern, especially in certain minority populations and in many developing and developed nations. This is especially true for the population of women 40 years and older in Mgbidi, Nigeria. In the Enugu State of Nigeria, women bear most of the burden of Type 2 diabetes when compared to the males in the state. …
The Lived Experiences Of Managing Uncertainty In Chronic Illness,
2018
Walden University
The Lived Experiences Of Managing Uncertainty In Chronic Illness, Amanda Brown
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Chronic illness is an increasing concern in the United States as the CDC reports that about 50% of adults have at least 1 chronic illness. When individuals must adjust to chronic illness they may experience uncertainty regarding the illness, prognosis, and symptoms. The purpose of this qualitative, phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of individuals living with uncertainty in chronic illnesses. A Merle Mishel's uncertainty in illness theory was the framework used to explore the lives of individuals diagnosed and living with chronic illness. In-depth interviews were conducted with 8 individuals who have chronic disease; data were audio-recorded …
Perceptions Of Private Medical Practitioners Towards The Nigerian National Tuberculosis Treatment Guidelines,
2018
Walden University
Perceptions Of Private Medical Practitioners Towards The Nigerian National Tuberculosis Treatment Guidelines, Chijioke Pius Osakwe
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in many parts of the world. Nigeria is one of the 30 countries in the world that has the highest burden of TB. Private medical practitioners in Nigeria play an important role in health care delivery. Motivating them to adhere to TB treatment guidelines in managing persons suspected of having TB or diagnosed with the disease is one of the strategies employed by the National Tuberculosis Program to Reduce the Burden of TB. Few studies were identified which used qualitative study approaches to study the perceptions of these practitioners towards the TB …
Providers' Treatment For Overweight Navy Members And The Effect On Motivating Lifestyle Changes,
2018
Walden University
Providers' Treatment For Overweight Navy Members And The Effect On Motivating Lifestyle Changes, Misty Scheel
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
In the military, excessive weight could put members at risk for training injuries, loss of potential career opportunities, and possible discharge from military service. This could increase cost to United States' national defense through increased injuries, decreased retention due to early discharge, cost of retraining, and lifelong chronic health conditions. The purpose of the study was to determine if there was a correlation or predictive value between active duty Navy members' perception of care provided for weight management and the active duty Navy member's motivation for weight management interventions. The social capital theory served as the theoretical framework for this …
Effects Of Social Support On Health-Seeking Behaviors Among African-American Men Who Have Sex With Men,
2018
Walden University
Effects Of Social Support On Health-Seeking Behaviors Among African-American Men Who Have Sex With Men, Chan Moore
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The rate of HIV/AIDS infections among African American men who have sex with men (MSM) is alarming. There has been a challenge in reducing HIV/AIDS among the African American MSM population due to internal and external factors that affect their decision making. The theory of social support and reasoned action were applied to gain knowledge on the lived experiences and perceptions of African American MSM as related to social support and seeking health care, which can help fight the heavy impact HIV/AIDS has placed on this population. Data was collected from 14 African American men who openly identified as MSM. …
Effects Of Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act On Behavioral Health Access,
2018
Walden University
Effects Of Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act On Behavioral Health Access, Godwin Oshegbo
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
About 50% of adults in the United States suffer from at least 1 mental health challenge in their lifetime. Annually, mental health and substance use disorders cost the United States about $800 billion, leaving individuals with unaffordable cost of care and the nation with diminished productivity and revenue. With the Essential Health Benefits and Medicaid expansion under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), healthcare resources were created to address gaps in behavioral healthcare. There is a need to understand how the healthcare law has influenced the availability of behavioral health services and access to needed care. This study …
Health Disparities Among Hispanic Americans With Type 2 Diabetes,
2018
Walden University
Health Disparities Among Hispanic Americans With Type 2 Diabetes, Nelson Sitton
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The ongoing increase in Type 2 diabetes among Hispanic Americans challenges the American public health system, particularly with health issues arising from not following appropriate health directives for the disease. This quantitative, cross-sectional, correlational study used primary data to assess the relationship between diabetes knowledge (as measured by the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire), health literacy level (as measured by the Short Assessment of Health Literacy-Spanish and English), education level, self-efficacy (as measured by the Diabetes Self-efficacy questionnaire), and self-reported diabetes self-care behaviors (as measured by the Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities) among a sample of Hispanic Americans with Type 2 diabetes. …
Perceptions Of Healthcare Workers Toward Influenza Vaccination,
2018
Walden University
Perceptions Of Healthcare Workers Toward Influenza Vaccination, Amos Adedokun
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Even though influenza vaccinations were provided free to all healthcare workers in the United States, healthcare workers were not 100% compliant. The non-compliance with influenza vaccinations may expose their patients, their families, and the public at large to a high-risk source of influenza infection. This study's research questions included how registered nurses perceived influenza and influenza vaccination; registered nurses' self-reported incidents with influenza vaccination; and factors that contributed to registered nurses' non-compliance with influenza vaccination. Guided by the theory of reasoned action and the theory of planned behavior, the purpose of this qualitative study was to determine the factors that …
Using Calcaneal Heel Ultrasounds To Screen For Osteoporosis At Alaska Health Fairs,
2018
Walden University
Using Calcaneal Heel Ultrasounds To Screen For Osteoporosis At Alaska Health Fairs, Heather Guess
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Osteoporosis is a major health problem. The Alaska Department of Health and Social Services reports national rates of osteoporosis at 13-18% of women and 3-6% of men over age 50, but current evidence suggests that osteoporosis rates in Alaska are more equal between sexes. Known risk factors for osteoporosis that are very common among Alaskans include arthritis and low vitamin D and calcium levels. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans of the hip and lumbar spine as the gold standard of screening for osteoporosis; however, DXA scans are expensive, not portable, and not …
Perceptions Of Preconception Health And Prenatal Care By Young Adult Women And Men At Risk For Unintended Pregnancies,
2018
Walden University
Perceptions Of Preconception Health And Prenatal Care By Young Adult Women And Men At Risk For Unintended Pregnancies, Broderick Crawford
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Among young adults at risk for unintended pregnancies, preconception health and prenatal care programs aimed at positive birth outcomes remain unaddressed. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of young adults in terms of their willingness to use preconception health and prenatal care as a means for increasing both positive birth outcomes and overall health. All study participants met the following criteria: (a) young adult man or woman, (b) age 18 to 25, (c) at risk for unintended pregnancies, (d) sexually active, (e) single or in cohabiting partnerships, and (f) living in the greater Los …
Immunoglobulin Therapy And Primary Immunodeficient Patients' Health-Related Quality Of Life And Well-Being,
2018
Walden University
Immunoglobulin Therapy And Primary Immunodeficient Patients' Health-Related Quality Of Life And Well-Being, Niedre Heckman
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Individuals born with primary immune deficiency diseases (PIDD) have a dysfunctional immune system, and many are treated by lifelong injections of immunoglobulin therapy. Studies have shown that these patients have low health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and well-being (WB) and that these outcomes might be improved by the availability of therapy innovated according to preferences for fewer needle sticks or a shorter infusion time. Regulators at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have approved therapies innovated per these preferences. However, there is limited data demonstrating how these innovations impact HRQOL and WB. Using the biopsychosocial model, the purpose of …
Community Public-Private Partnership Leadership Synergy In Tanzania,
2018
Walden University
Community Public-Private Partnership Leadership Synergy In Tanzania, Hawa Yatera Mshana
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Although the public-private partnership (PPP) concept in health and social health has been politically accepted as the best pathway to improving health outcomes in many developing nations, implementation lacks leadership synergy. Lack of awareness and engagement of community leaders about PPP interventions and their benefits affect accountability and ownership of health and social care interventions. The purpose of this study was to better understand factors that could promote partnership leadership synergy to enhance ownership and accountability for community health and social welfare initiatives in Tanzania. A qualitative empirical case study design was used; diffusion of innovation and the public-private integrated …
Relationships Among Vitamin D Deficiency, Metabolic Syndrome, Smoking Behavior, And Physical Activity,
2018
Walden University
Relationships Among Vitamin D Deficiency, Metabolic Syndrome, Smoking Behavior, And Physical Activity, Ethan Pham
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Aging increases the risk of both vitamin D deficiency and metabolic syndrome. Vitamin D deficiency and metabolic syndrome may be related, although there are mixed findings. Furthermore, literature suggests other factors such as physical fitness activity and smoking behavior are associated with Vitamin D deficiency and the development of metabolic syndrome. A number of studies have documented associations between Vitamin D levels and physical fitness activities, while other studies found correlations between Vitamin D levels, metabolic syndrome, and smoking behavior. However, no previous study has examined the links between physical fitness activity, smoking behavior, Vitamin D levels, and the risks …
Factors Influencing Alzheimer's Disease Healthcare Utilization Patterns In Puerto Rico,
2018
Walden University
Factors Influencing Alzheimer's Disease Healthcare Utilization Patterns In Puerto Rico, Carlamarie Noboa
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with substantial healthcare utilization costs, resulting in a public health priority. In this study, the relationship between the demographic characteristics of age, gender, and type of health insurance; the presence of comorbidities of older Puerto Rican residents diagnosed with AD; and their healthcare utilization patterns (i.e., medical office and emergency room visits and hospital admissions) was examined using Andersen's behavioral model. Data from the 2013 Puerto Rico Health Study was used in this retrospective cohort design study. All AD cases aged -?¥ 60 years were extracted using systematic random sampling. One-way ANOVA-WELCH, Mann-Whitney U test, …
Racial And Cultural Etiology Of Body Satisfaction Among Obese, Young Adult Women,
2018
Walden University
Racial And Cultural Etiology Of Body Satisfaction Among Obese, Young Adult Women, Deirdre Lynnett Moyer
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Obesity, a public health issue in the United States, has been linked to numerous chronic diseases. A gap exists in the literature related to racial and cultural etiology of body satisfaction for obese women. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to describe the racial and cultural etiology of body satisfaction for obese Black women and White women residing in a rural area of the state of North Carolina. Social comparison theory provided the theoretical underpinning for this examination. The central research question was how do obese, young adult Black women and White women describe their perceptions about and …
