Other Public Health Commons^™

The Relationship Between The Use Of Piped Drinking Water And Diarrhea: Data From The 2017 Indonesia Demographic And Health Survey (Idhs), Afifah Azharadipta, Azizah Meutia Putri Ianam, Nadya P. Febriana, Pratiwi Haryani

Jurnal Nasional Kesehatan Lingkungan Global

Access to clean water remains a global challenge. According to the World Health Organization, in 2020 unsafe water and poor sanitation contributed to approximately 485,000 deaths annually due to diarrhea; one of the leading causes of child mortality in low- and middle-income countries. In Indonesia, UNICEF reported that nearly 70% of household drinking water sources are contaminated with fecal matter, increasing the risk of diarrhea, particularly among children under five. This study aims to analyze the association between the use of piped drinking water and the incidence of diarrhea among children under five in Indonesia. A cross-sectional study design was …

Distribusi Kejadian Diare Pada Balita Dan Kualitas Sumber Air Minum Di Indonesia: Studi Ekologi, Nadia Z. Sabira, Naijla I. Shaliha, Sandrina H. Salsabila, Wellsa D. Kusumaningrum

Jurnal Nasional Kesehatan Lingkungan Global

Background: Diarrhea is an infectious disease with the third highest mortality rate in children under 5 years of age globally. The Indonesian Ministry of Health states that 88% of deaths from diarrhea in children are caused by poor sanitation practices and inadequate quality of drinking water sources. This study aims to describe the distribution of the quality of drinking water sources and the prevalence of diarrhea in all provinces in Indonesia. Methods: This study used an ecological study approach with secondary aggregate data from Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023 and Studi Kualitas Air Minum Rumah Tangga (SKAM RT) 2020. The …

Hubungan Kelayakan Sumber Air Minum Terhadap Kejadian Diare Pada Anak Balita Di Indonesia: Studi Cross-Sectional Berdasarkan Data Sdki 2017, Dessy Anggun Utami, Azkia Afiatun Najah Wahyudi, Balqis Nisrina Safari, Eni Law

Jurnal Nasional Kesehatan Lingkungan Global

Background: Diarrhea is one of the leading causes of mortality in toddlers. One of its primary causes is associated with inadequate drinking water sources. However, studies exploring this relationship remain limited, necessitating further research to determine the association between the suitability of drinking water sources and the incidence of diarrhea in children under five in Indonesia. Method: A cross-sectional design was employed, using data on children under five from households included in the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (SDKI). The study examined the relationship between the incidence of diarrhea and the suitability of drinking water sources. Chi-square statistical tests …

Too Sweet To Ignore: How Ssb Intake And Physical Inactivity Affect Bmi In Malang’S Student Population, Indana Tri Rahmawati, Nurnaningsih Herya Ulfah, Anggi Renawati, Yuvica Novita Gunawan

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

The growing incidence of overweight and obesity in young adults has been closely associated with unhealthy lifestyle habits, particularly the high intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and low levels of physical activity. College students are especially at risk due to lifestyle changes that occur during their university experience. This research aims to investigate the SSB consumption patterns, physical activity levels, and their correlation with Body Mass Index (BMI) among university students in Malang City. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with 382 active students chosen through accidental sampling. Data were obtained using an online questionnaire shared through student networks …

The Relationship Between Caffeine Consumption And Sleep Quality Of Students Of The Faculty Of Sports Science Universitas Negeri Malang, Windi Chusniah Rachmawati, Dian Mawarni, Lucky Radita Alma, Adiska Rahma

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

Coffee is a popular drink consumed in Indonesia, especially among people aged 17 until 25 years. Coffee contains thousands of natural chemicals, one of which is caffeine, which has negative impacts on health if consumed in excessive amounts. The purpose of this study is to describe the caffeine-based beverages consumed and sleep quality and to assess the association between caffeine use and sleep quality. This study used a cross-sectional design with 120 respondents who completed a questionnaire about the history of caffeine-based beverage consumption and PSQI sleep quality, PSQI is used to measure the state of sleep which consists of …

Social Determinants Of Dementia Among Older Adults In Samarinda’S Urban Area, Lisa Wahidatul Oktaviani, Ghozali Ghozali, Ferry Fadzlul Rahman, Maya Agustin Ulan Ari

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

Improving the quality of health and welfare of the population has an impact on increasing the number of lives in Indonesia. As a result, the number of elderly people and their proportions is increasing. Dementia is a condition where cognitive decline is so severe that it affects daily activities and social interactions. This condition of cognitive decline usually begins with a decrease in memory or memory abilities. Dementia that occurs among the elderly is caused by several factors, namely lifestyle, cognitive activities, family support, Activity Daily Living (ADL), self-esteem, quality of life, smoking behavior, knowledge, physical activity and sleep quality. …

Diarrhea Risk Factors Of Toddlers In Jember District, 2022, Annisa Fitrah Aini, Yunus Ariyanto, Adistha Eka Noveyani

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

Diarrhea is a disease characterized by passing feces three or more times a day. The occurrence of diarrhea is also influenced by sociodemographic factors (nutritional status) and environmental factors (access to clean water, access to sanitary latrines, and living in flood-prone areas). The purpose of this research focuses on finding risk factors for diarrhea and mapping the risk factors of diarrhea. This study used an ecological study design, in which the population is all sub-districts in Jember. Secondary data were used in this research. The data were analyzed using statistical correlation analysis using SPSS and mapping using GIS software. The …

Transforming Primary Care: Innovative Post Graduate Pa Training For Real-World Solutions, Kenneth Botelho, James Ali

Lynchburg Journal of Medical Science

The ongoing crisis in primary care demands innovative and scalable strategies to prepare and retain advanced practice providers. This article introduces the Primary Care Practitioner (PCP) Program, a conceptual postgraduate training model designed for certified physician associates/assistants (PAs) who aim to serve in underserved and rural communities. The program integrates advanced clinical training, leadership development, telehealth competencies, VR-enhanced simulation, and evidence-based strategies to promote provider resilience. Rooted in systems-based thinking and real-world applicability, the PCP Program culminates in capstone projects that encourage innovation in care delivery and population health.

Aligned with national frameworks such as the HRSA Primary Care Training …

The Effects Of E-Cigarettes And Oxidative Stress On Cognitive Function And Adolescent Academics, Alexis A. Kaminsky Jr.

Lynchburg Journal of Medical Science

Electronic cigarettes are the fastest growing method of tobacco consumption in the United States despite an overall decline in smoking rates. Evidence has shown that enticing flavor and trendy marketing campaigns have increased use among younger consumers. Nicotine use is a risk factor among younger individuals for damage to brain development and cognitive impairment, and electronic cigarettes are no exception. This paper attempts to review and clarify previously observed health impacts of electronic cigarette use among younger individuals, as measured by academic grades and scores. A focus on the effect of oxidative stress on the body and the resulting academic …

The Social Standing Versus The Mind Standing Of Older Adults In Egypt: Cross-Sectional Analysis Of The Relationship Between Social Capital And Cognitive Functions, Shaza H. Shinaishen Dr

Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: Egypt's population, much like that of other countries, is expected to age considerably over the course of the coming decades. Although biological and socioeconomic predictors of cognitive function have been studied widely, personal level social capital remains unexplored, especially in LMICs.

Purpose: This study primarily investigates the relationship between individual social capital and cognitive functioning among older adults aged 65 years and older in Egypt using the structural and cognitive components of social capital, including group membership, civic engagements, and caregiving roles.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey on 363 older individuals in different geographical and demographic segments of Egypt using …

Food Environments And Mental Health: Analyzing The Impact Of Fast-Food Availability On U.S. Adults (2011-2016), Nicole Tenner

NYMC Student Theses and Dissertations

This study investigates the relationship between the availability of fast food in US territories and mental health outcomes. Utilizing a cross-sectional design, the study examines data from the 2011 and 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) from the CDC, along with data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Environment Atlas. The analysis included a nationally representative sample of 351,823 participants across all 50 US states. Multiple regression models examined the association between fast food availability and two primary mental health outcomes: the number of self-reported poor mental health days and the likelihood of being diagnosed with a depressive …

Exploring Muslim American Attitudes Toward Genetic Testing: Perceptions, Barriers, And Ethical Considerations, Hannah Mahmoud

University Honors Theses

This thesis explores perceptions and attitudes toward genetic testing within the Muslim American community, a group often underrepresented in genomic research and public health discourse. Using a community-distributed digital survey, data was collected from 50 self-identified Muslim Americans on their familiarity with genetic testing, reproductive and ethical considerations, and the influence of religious factors. While only 18% had undergone genetic testing themselves, many were familiar through family or friends, and most expressed cautious interest—especially when results could influence future family planning. Education level, age, and religious values shaped both comfort and understanding.

A key theme was the desire for culturally …

Forecasting Influenza Rates Using Machine Learning: A Study Of Chatgpt's Predictive Accuracy, Sara Saleh

University Honors Theses

This study evaluates ChatGPT's ability to forecast influenza rates, such as the number of flu cases, hospitalizations, and death during peak season periods using CDC data, and comparing forecasts against actual results to calculate statistical accuracy and consistency. Influenza forecasting is essential for public health planning, but traditional methods may not always provide timely or accurate predictions. In this research study, ChatGPT was utilized to predict the influenza rates for the following week based on the previous week's data obtained from the FluView surveillance system. The predicted rates were compared to the actual influenza rates to assess the model's overall …

The Effect Of Birthweight And Gestational Age On Cognitive Function In Midlife: The Bogalusa Heart Study, Eunsun Gill, David J Libon, Soo Jung Kang, Ileana De Anda-Duran, Lydia A Bazzano, Wei Chen, Camilo Fernandez-Alonso, Emily W Harville

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

BACKGROUND: Although the relationships between birthweight, gestational age (GA), and cognitive function (CF) before midlife have been demonstrated, the relationships after midlife and potential racial disparities remain inconclusive. This study examined the association between birthweight, GA, and midlife CF stratified by race.

METHOD: 1,032 subjects from the Bogalusa Heart Study (67% Whites, 33% Blacks, mean age 48.1 ± 5.3 years) were studied. Cognition was assessed with tests measuring verbal episodic memory, working memory, attention, graphomotor information processing speed, and global CF. Each test was standardized by sex and age, then averaged. The global CF was computed by averaging all cognitive …

How Far-Right Populism Harms Ethnic Minorities’ Health: The Case Of The United States, Dina Rosenberg

Working Papers Series

Public health is a political issue, and the health of ethnic minorities is a key component of it. We argue that far-right populism, whether grassroots or elitist, harms the health of immigrants and minorities. Anti-minority attitudes and policies—such as health chauvinism promoted by far-right populists—along with hate rhetoric and ensuing personal and institutional discrimination create a climate of hostility that negatively affects health outcomes in underprivileged communities. We hypothesize that immigrants and ethnic minorities living in such a climate are more likely to experience health problems and underutilize healthcare. To test this, we leverage the significant variation between U.S. states …

The Games Kids Play: Determining Concussion Risk Of Playground Sports, Brynlee Morgan

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

Playground games play a very vital role in child development, but they have been shown to present significant risks of injury, particularly concussion injuries. Supervisors of playground games or recreational sports may lack comprehensive knowledge of concussion protocols, potentially resulting in undiagnosed pediatric concussion, which can be critical to the child’s long-term health. This study aims to identify which playground games or recreational sports pose the highest risk for injury, specifically concussions, and highlights the importance of concussion prevention training for all school personnel to minimize potential health risks for children. The methodology involved the identification of injuries from playground …

Unlocking Adolescent And Youth Health - Insights From Adolescent Youth-Friendly Services In Migori County, Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Mixed-Methods Study, Lillian Njoki Nyaga, Eunice Muthoni

Population Health, East Africa

The provision of adolescent and youth-friendly services (AYFS) can be facilitated by various strategies, including capacity building of health care providers (HCPs), coordination of AYFS, community engagement, and networking of AYFS stakeholders. Adolescents and youth face various health challenges including but not limited to adolescent pregnancies, HIV infections, sexual and gender based violence, strategies that would help curb these challenges is paramount. Although various studies have evaluated AYFS utilization and integration in Kenya, scant data exist on strategies facilitating or hindering the provision of the AYFS in accordance with the Kenya 2016 AYFS guidelines. The aim of this study was …

Leading Change For Transgender And Gender Diverse Healthcare: Assessing Organizational Readiness, Braxten Lovett

Dissertations

Background: Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals face persistent stigma and systemic discrimination across multiple societal domains, with healthcare settings—intended as safe spaces—often being among the most harmful. Despite increased visibility of TGD populations and growing research on their health inequities, inclusive healthcare remains insufficiently addressed by many healthcare leaders, adding to the urgency to advance equitable, inclusive care. Additionally, structural cisnormativity and binary gender frameworks continue to perpetuate misinformation, erasure, and health disparities. Addressing these entrenched barriers requires systemic reform rooted in cultural humility, inclusive practices, and a commitment to dismantling cisnormative bias within healthcare delivery and policy. This study …

Addressing Socioeconomic Disparities In The Treatment Of Antimicrobial-Resistant Infections: The Role Of Pharmacists In Mitigating Barriers, Arin Wade, Danielle Egbujor, Anna Spalvieri, Owen Fox, Marisa Petrunich, Joshua Honaker, Samantha Mccord, Kasie Landin

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Antimicrobial resistance is an escalating global threat driven by inappropriate antibiotic use and shaped by socioeconomic disparities. Social determinants of health, including limited healthcare access, poverty, low health literacy, and environmental conditions, contribute to higher rates of resistant infections and poorer treatment outcomes in underserved populations. Barriers such as pharmacy deserts, self-medication, and inadequate stewardship infrastructure amplify these risks. Pharmacists, as accessible and highly trained healthcare professionals, play a critical role in combating antimicrobial resistance by optimizing antibiotic use, delivering culturally competent education, and leading antimicrobial stewardship programs across settings. Community and clinical pharmacists are especially well positioned to bridge …

Framing The Future: A Community Health Analysis Of The Pee Dee Region, Stephen Borders, Jean Anton, Rian Fontaine, Donielle Phillips, Treyton Ringer, Jessica Robinson, Caitlin Thompkins

Public Health

This report presents a comprehensive, data-driven analysis of community health across South Carolina’s Pee Dee region, encompassing Florence, Darlington, Chesterfield, Marlboro, Marion, and Dillon Counties. Using tract-level data from CDC PLACES, the U.S. Census, and the National Provider Identifier registry, it assesses chronic health conditions, health behaviors, and social determinants of health. The analysis incorporates the South Carolina Healthy Communities Index (SCHCI) and a Suitability Analysis to identify the region’s most disadvantaged communities. The findings highlight persistent disparities, particularly in rural counties, where high rates of poverty, chronic disease, and unmet basic needs intersect with limited access to care. Despite …