Other Public Health Commons^™

A Program To Treat Hepatitis B In North Korea: A Model Of Antiviral Therapy In A Resource-Poor Setting, Marcia Ann Kilsby, Alice Unah Lee, Heidi Linton, David C. Hilmers

Faculty Publications

Despite the well-proven, safe and effective therapies for hepatitis B infection, delivery of treatment remains a significant challenge in resource-poor settings. Geopolitical and economic restrictions present additional difficulties in providing care in North Korea. However, treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B remains a top priority for both the North Korean Ministry of Public Health and international agencies working in North Korean hepatitis healthcare facilities. Working in partnership, a path was created to institute this much-needed program. A consortium of United States and Australian humanitarian non-governmental organizations along with generous individual and corporate donors working in concert with local and …

No Evidence For Kin Protection In The Expression Of Sickness Behaviors In House Mice, Patricia C. Lopes, Per Block, Alice Pontiggia, Anna K. Lindholm, Barbara König

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

When infected, animals change their behaviors in several ways, including by decreasing their activity, their food and water intake, and their interest in social interactions. These behavioral alterations are collectively called sickness behaviors and, for several decades, the main hypotheses put forward to explain this phenomenon were that engaging in sickness behaviors facilitated the fever response and improved the likelihood of host survival. However, a new hypothesis was recently proposed suggesting that engaging in sickness behaviors may serve to protect kin. We tested this kin protection hypothesis by combining a field and a laboratory experiment in house mice. In both …

Fatal General Aviation Accidents In Furtherance Of Business (1996–2015): Rates, Risk Factors, And Accident Causes, Scott Burgess, Stewart Boyd, Douglas Boyd

Journal of Aviation Technology and Engineering

Introduction: General aviation missions related to furtherance of business potentially carry higher risk (operations in adverse weather, at night, for longer distances) than those undertaken for recreation. The study herein was undertaken to determine fatal accident rates, proportions, and risk factors/causes.

Method: The National Transportation Safety Board aviation accident database was queried for accidents (1996–2015). Annual fleet times were from the general aviation annual activity survey. Statistical analyses used Poisson distributions, proportion testing, and Cohen’s Kappa tests.

Results: The fatal accident rate for business operations was three- to six-fold lower than the rate for recreational flights with a decline evident …

Spatial And Temporal Clustering Analysis Of Tuberculosis In The Mainland Of China At The Prefecture Level, 2005-2015, Meng-Yang Liu, Qi-Huan Li, Ying-Jie Zhang, Yuan Ma, Yue Liu, Wei Feng, Cheng-Bei Hou, Endawoke Amsalu, Xia Li, Wei Wang, Wei-Min Li, Xiu-Hua Guo

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) is still one of the most serious infectious diseases in the mainland of China. So it was urgent for the formulation of more effective measures to prevent and control it.

METHODS: The data of reported TB cases in 340 prefectures from the mainland of China were extracted from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention (CISDCP) during January 2005 to December 2015. The Kulldorff's retrospective space-time scan statistics was used to identify the temporal, spatial and spatio-temporal clusters of reported TB in the mainland of China by using the discrete Poisson probability model. Spatio-temporal clusters …

The Privilege Of Healthy Eating: A Qualitative Study Exploring The Local Food Choices Of Low-Income Families From Appalachia, Iryna Sharaievska Dr., Stephanie West Dr., Melissa Weddell Dr.

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Using qualitative semi-structured interviews, 15 low-income women of different ages were asked to discuss their perceptions of healthy eating, local farmers’ markets, as well as their visitation of farmers’ markets. The participants were also asked to share what features of farmers’ markets they found appealing. The results showed that most of the participants had either a deep or moderate understanding of what it means to eat healthy. However, many of them also believed they could improve their own patterns of eating. The data also showed that the low-income women who took part in the study had positive attitudes overall toward …

Health Implications In Regards To The Changing Nature Of Work, Carly E. Kalis

Student Publications

This theoretical paper is relevant to nontraditional workers, traditional employees, and businesses searching for ways to enhance workers’ health and well-being. Businesses should also find this information helpful if they are aiming to increase their bottom line. The changing nature of work has health implications for both nontraditional workers and traditional employees; however, it has not been readily studied. I review the current literature available and analyze the health implications for both nontraditional workers and traditional employees. After reviewing a variety of literature I propose two theoretical propositions. My first proposition is that the changing nature of work, specifically the …

The Early Steps Project: Occupational Therapy In A Pediatric Primary Care Setting, Anne H. Zachry, J. Flick, P. Richey

Faculty Presentations

The purpose of this study is expand on the Early STEPs project goal of identifying early developmental delays in infants and young children in a health disparate population and to collect preliminary data to lay the groundwork for a future NIH grant proposal. Individuals with less education have poor health and shorter life expectancies than well-educated individuals, and research reveals that poverty is directly related to limited education. An innovative approach is needed to overcome barriers, improve health literacy, and educate parents on effective parenting strategies for this population. Technology may be the part of the solution to this issue. …

Prompts To Increase Physical Activity At Points-Of-Choice Between Stairs And Escalators: What About Escalator Climbers?, John Belletierre, Ben Nguyen, Sandy Liles, Vincent Berardi, Marc A. Adams, Paddy Dempsey, Yael Benporat, Jacqueline Kerr, Andrea Z. Lacroix, Melbourne Hovell

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Since 1980, many studies have evaluated whether stair-use prompts increased physical activity by quantifying changes in stair use. To more completely evaluate changes in physical activity, this study addressed the often-overlooked assessment of climbing up escalators by evaluating the degree to which stair-use sign prompts increased active ascent—defined as stair use or escalator climbing. Over 5 months, at an airport stairs/escalator point of choice, we video-recorded passersby (N = 13,544) who ascended either stairs or escalators, on 10 days with signs and 10 days without signs. Ascenders using the stairs, standing on the escalator, and climbing the escalator were …

Impact Of Race And Insurance On Door-To-Appendectomy Time Among Pediatric Patients, Carla M. Lopez, Emily R. Christison-Lagay, Daniel Solomon

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Racial and ethnic disparities in the rate of appendiceal rupture have been widely reported among the pediatric population. The main reasons for this remain largely unknown given that previous explanations pointing to signs of poor health care access have recently been shown to account for only a small percentage of the difference in perforation rates between white and minority children. Because the risk of perforation increases with time, racial disparities in time delay from emergency department presentation to OR appendectomy may help account for the higher appendiceal perforation rates observed among minority children. This is the first study dedicated to …

Queering Sexual Health: The Intersection Of Sexual Health And Lgbtq Identities In Worcester, Ma, Sara Richman Davidow

Sustainability and Social Justice

This research examined what support, services, and programming existed at the intersection of sexual health and LGBTQ identities in Worcester MA. The data analyzed were interviews with professionals in sexual health or LGBTQ related fields as well as the public websites of sexual health or LGBTQ organizations. The researcher examined this data, along with literature on the rise of sexual health and LGBTQ communities, to understand (1) how inclusive sexual health resources in Worcester were and (2) what themes still need to be addressed to make gender and sexuality minorities comfortable seeking sexual health medical aid. The findings indicated that …

Social Determinants Of Health And A Grounded Mixed-Methods Approach To Explain Declining Life Expectancy In Eastern Kentucky : 1980 – 2014., William Renda

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Trends in life expectancy for the United States from 1980-2014 suggest general improvement overall. However, eastern Kentucky stands out with a cluster of counties experiencing declining life expectancy. Given that life expectancy is an excepted indicator of overall population health, this anomaly in eastern Kentucky warrants investigation. This thesis uses a grounded mixed methods approach to explore this trend across the greater Appalachian region. Content and discourse analysis of interviews with public health and medical professionals in the study area revealed key themes perceived as being related to declining life expectancy, which informed variable selection for regression analysis. Regression models …

Racial Disparity Among Women Diagnosed With Invasive Breast Cancer In A Large Integrated Health System, Maharaj Singh, Santhi D. Konduri, George C. Bobustuc, Amin B. Kassam, Richard A. Rovin

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: Reasons for the well-described disparity in outcomes between African American (AA) and non-Hispanic white (NHW) women with invasive breast cancer are unclear, making it difficult to identify solutions. This study examined the effects of demographics, biomarkers, tumor characteristics, cancer stage, morphology, and treatment variables on overall and cancer-free survival in these patient populations.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data for 6231 patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer throughout an integrated health system from January 2006 through March 2015. Included for analysis were 5023 NHW and 413 AA women. All category and continuous variables in the study were described in the …

Adapted Aquatics For Children With Severe Motor Impairments, Phillip Conatser, Eric James, Ulku Karabulut

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Available research clearly shows that more children who have disabilities, including those with severe disabilities, are participating in swimming programs as well as wanting to be taught in a regular aquatic class without being segregated. Aquatic instructors need to prepare lessons that include children both with and without disabilities. This means that aquatics instructors need to understand and be willing to implement unique teaching and managerial techniques that foster the safe and successful learning environment for all children. While the task of teaching children who have severe disabilities may seem difficult at first, with a little knowledge and experience, instructors …

#Drugfree: Using Social Media Advertisements To Spread Health On A College Campus, Amy M. Fanous, Benjamin D. Aronson, Jessica L. Hinson, Lindsey M. Peters, Breanna R. Meinzer, Zachary T. Woods, Michael J. Rush

Pharmacy Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Pollen Evidence Of Medicine From An Embalming Jar Associated With Vittoria Della Rovere, Florence, Italy, Karl Reinhard, Kelsey B. Lynch, Annie Larsen, Braymond Adams, Leon Higley, Marina Milanello Do Amaral, Julia Russ, Donatella Lippi, Johnica J. Morrow, Dario Piombino-Mascali

Karl Reinhard Publications

Various samples of human viscera fragments, sponges, and cloth were collected from embalming jars belonging to members of the Medici family of Florence. One jar was labeled with the name Vittoria della Rovere, who died in March of 1694. This jar contained viscera fragments that were identified as a section of collapsed intestine. The intestine of the Vittoria della Rovere sample contained a large concentration of pollen belonging to the Myrtaceae family. The Myrtaceae pollen was sometimes observed in clusters during analysis, which is indicative of purposeful ingestion of flowers, buds, or a substance derived from floral structures. Thus, the …

Assessment Of Health Literacy Level In 18-30 Year-Old Adults, An Iranian Experience, Masoumeh Ansari, Fatemeh Mohammad-Moradi, Mehrdad Khaledian, Maryam Shekofteh, Ali Valinejadi

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Objective: Health literacy is knowledge for comprehension, assessment and achievement of health and benefit of it in life finally to health promotion. People, who have little health literacy, have less knowledge about their health condition therefore they don’t take sufficient preventive services instead they receive more hospital and emergency units' services. Identification and promotion of health literacy level is one of the best solutions to increase social health and play important role in making healthy social in future, too.

Design and setting: This descriptive study, about 170 people (ranging from18-30 year-old) who referred to Shemiranat health network in end of …

Commencement Program 2018, Loma Linda University

Commencement Programs

CONTENTS

1 | Message from the President

3 | 2018 Events of Commencement

5 | The Academic Procession

7 | Significance of Academic Regalia

9 | The Good Samaritan

10 | University History Highlights

12 | Loma Linda University Song - "Healing Love"

13 | Criteria for Institutional Awards—Loma Linda University and Loma Linda University Health

15 | Loma Linda University Health and Loma Linda University Honorees

32 | The Programs, The School Honorees, and The Speakers

• School of Medicine, 33
• School of Pharmacy, 63
• School of Dentistry, 76
• School of Allied Health Professions - Allied Health Studies, Cardiopulmonary Sciences, …

Dynamical Properties Of Postural Control In Obese Community-Dwelling Older Adults, Christopher W. Frames, Rahul Soangra, Thurmon Lockhart, John Lach, Dong Sam Ha, Karen A. Roberto, Abraham Lieberman

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Postural control is a key aspect in preventing falls. The aim of this study was to determine if obesity affected balance in community-dwelling older adults and serve as an indicator of fall risk. The participants were randomly assigned to receive a comprehensive geriatric assessment followed by a longitudinal assessment of their fall history. The standing postural balance was measured for 98 participants with a Body Mass Index (BMI) ranging from 18 to 63 kg/m2, using a force plate and an inertial measurement unit affixed at the sternum. Participants’ fall history was recorded over 2 years and participants with at least …

Lgbt Senior Health Disparities: Information Resources To Bridge The Gap, Gregg A. Stevens, Tony Nguyen, Francisco J. Fajardo

Library Faculty Publications

As the senior population in the United States increases, the aging LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender) population should also see comparable growth rates. Health care providers and social service organizations will care for more LGBT seniors with special needs beyond the general population of older adults as they are more at risk for certain conditions. This article identifies some specific health disparities and examines several organizations that work to improve LGBT senior health by providing critical health information to LGBT older adults, caregivers, and health care professionals.

Hiv Mortality Difference Between Black And White Women, Carlos O. Nesbeth, Rajiv Kandala, Syed Najeeb, Ruksana Nazneen, Banglore Murthy

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

OBJECTIVE

In the United States, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to be among the top 10 leading causes of mortality for black women between the ages of 20 and 54¹, but does not rank among the top 10 leading causes of death for white women amongst all age groups^². This study describes the HIV mortality difference between black and white women and formulate hypotheses that may reduce or eliminate disparities.

METHODS

Information was accessed through public data, the US Census, and the US Compressed Mortality File.

RESULTS

In these descriptive data from 1987 through 2015, including reliable HIV …