Evaluating A High School Mrsa Prevention Program: A Case Study, Jamie Henning

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

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MRSA poses a significant health risk to athletes nationwide. This case study examines the application of an online training module to address knowledge gaps regarding Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) among key decision-makers for high school athletes. It reviews the development and initial evaluation of a web-based training program designed to empower decision-makers with the knowledge to prevent MRSA infection and respond to suspected cases. Program evaluation recommended expanding the training module to wrestling staff with improved evaluation methods while continuing implementation and effectiveness assessment for the football staff. Despite initial data quality limitations, the online training module evaluation offered valuable …

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The Relationship Between Self-Reported Depressive Symptoms At 3 Timepoints And Infant Sleep Practices At 6-Month Follow-Up In A Population Of Mothers In Santo Domingo, Ecuador, Kassidy Lane

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

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Abstract

Background

Previous studies have linked maternal depression with poor infant sleep (e.g., waking up at night and infants having trouble settling to sleep). This study examined the relationship between maternal depressive symptoms at three time points and safe infant sleep at 6-month follow-up.

Methods

Data was collected from a randomized clinical trial including 100 women recruited from a health center in Santo Domingo, Ecuador during their third trimester of pregnancy. Log-binomial regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of safe infant sleeping at 6 months among mothers who reported depressive symptoms at 3 …

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Improving Black Maternal Outcomes In Christian County, Ky: A Social Marketing Approach To Perinatal Provider Change, Ariel A. Arthur

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

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Compared to other states in the country, Kentucky has historically poor population health outcomes. While the statewide maternal mortality rate is 16.1 per 100,000 live births, this statistic belies the stark racial disparities that exist. In 2018, the pregnancy-related death rate for Black women was 40.2 per 100,000 live births compared to 13.1 for White women. This pattern is persistent even after controlling for socioeconomic status, prenatal care, and other protective factors. Research shows that institutional and interpersonal racism when receiving obstetric care contributes to poor childbirth and postpartum outcomes for Black women. Additionally, geography and rural status may compound …

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Family Structure, Family Transitions, And Child Overweight And Obesity: Comparing Australia, The United Kingdom, And The United States, Sadie A. Slighting, Kirsten Rasmussen, Mikaela J. Dufur, Jonathan A. Jarvis, Shana Pribesh, Alyssa J. Alexander, Carolina Otero

STEMPS Faculty Publications

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Growing rates of childhood obesity globally create concern for individuals' health outcomes and demands on health systems. While many policy approaches focus on macro-level interventions, we examine how the type of stability of a family structure might provide opportunities for policy interventions at the micro level. We examine the association between family structure trajectories and childhood overweight and obesity across three Anglophone countries using an expanded set of eight family structure categories that capture biological relationships and instability, along with potential explanatory variables that might vary across family trajectories and provide opportunities for intervention, including access to resources, family stressors, …

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Breastfeeding Perceptions And Decisions Among Hispanic Participants In The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program For Women, Infants, And Children: A Qualitative Study, Emily Fisher, Priyanka Patel, Kathryn G. Wouk, Bidusha Neupane, Futun Alkhalifah, Marilyn M. Bartholmae, Chuanyi Tang, Qi Zhang

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

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The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) is a nutrition assistance program in the U.S. WIC served 2.5 million eligible Hispanic women, infants, and children under the age of five in 2021, which is WIC's largest racial/ethnic group. However, limited research has been conducted to understand Hispanic WIC participants' perceptions of WIC breastfeeding recommendations and their breastfeeding decisions. For this qualitative study, we interviewed 18 of these pregnant and postpartum WIC participants on their experiences and decision-making processes related to breastfeeding. Hispanic cultures and home country norms were identified as prominent influences on breastfeeding decisions, along …

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Gambian Mothers Lack Obstetric Danger Sign Knowledge, But Educational Intervention Shows Promise, Kara Shannon, Jocelyn Burridge, Brodus Franklin, Sheena Bhushan, Susan Hilsenbeck, Elena V Petrova, James N'Dow, Ibezimako Iwuh, Sharmila Anandasabapathy, Jeffrey P Wilkinson

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

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BACKGROUND: The Gambia has the 12th highest maternal mortality rate in the world, with 80% of deaths resulting from avoidable causes. Unawareness of pregnancy danger signs (DS) has been shown to be a barrier to seeking obstetric care, while app-based education intervention has shown promise.

OBJECTIVE: We aim to assess patient awareness of DS, identify barriers to awareness, and evaluate potential for implementing smartphone-based technologies for education.

METHODS: A cross-sectional semi-structured survey was administered to Gambian women (n = 100) across five hospitals/health centers. Data and informed consent were collected via an online survey portal. Analysis included bivariate analysis and …

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Unlv Title Iii Aanapisi & Mcnair Scholars Institute Research Journal 2024, Jesica Godinez-Paredes, Kian Hassankhan, Apia Hickman, Robin Ruth Kee, Kevin Ayala Pineda, Briana Melendez, Kalli Ramos, Saturn L. Reyes, Fabian Leija, Selena Pepe, Silva Topchyan, Celeste Ainsley, Mayra Arzate, Jessica Balistreri, Zantana Ephrem, Mirella Jasso, Karl Panou, Nichole Pelaez, Miklo Alcala, Akshay Dave, Mey Mey Heng, Michael Finkle, Janessa Montenegro, Reynafe Naol Aniga, Victor Mejia, Angelica G. Diaz, Anayeli Flores-Garibay, Kari Lee Joe Goold, Samantha Hernandez, Lianelys Cabrera Martinez, Caitlin Reynolds, Kimberly N. Usbeck, Abdulrahman Alahdal, Angelica Diaz, Willaine Mae Kahano, Raquel Jackson, Cecia Ruiz-Hernandez, Kers Ung-Watson, Yessenia Henriquez, Vanessa Marie Booth, Alexia Brown, Darlyn Magana, Bianca Navarro, Nicholas Pereira, Gia Renemae Calip, Lucky Heng, Ralph Sagun, Lucas Abreu, Alexandra Maria Acosta, Tristan Benally, Cosset Hernandez Pena, Adrian Montenegro, Cierra Paaaina-Daquioag, Nicole Torosian, Tracy Fuentes, Julissa Martinez, Medina Mcallister, Michal Newhouse-Van Vlerin, Tiria Carr, Nima Abkenar, Isabella Aceituno, Yuhan Bi, Victoria Campos, Melika Cummings, Zachary J. Johnigan, Alexis Sotolongo-Marin

McNair Journal

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Journal articles based on research conducted by undergraduate students in the AANAPISI, LSAMP, and McNair Scholars Program.

Table of Contents

About AANAPISI

Dr. Chris Heavey, Interim President

Dr. Keith Rogers, Vice President for Student Affairs

Ms. Zhanna Aronov, Associate Vice President for Retention & Outreach

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Work As A Social Determinant Of Maternal Health: A Qualitative Exploration Of College-Educated Black Women’S Experiences At Work During Pregnancy And Postpartum, Serwaa S Omowale, Laurenia C Mangum, Andrea Joseph-Mccatty, Cherell Cottrell-Daniels, Kaiya A Farris, Rashon King, Brittany C Slatton

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

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BACKGROUND: Black women are disproportionately impacted by higher rates of maternal mortality in the United States (US). Limited research has focused on adverse maternal health outcomes among college-educated Black women, although research has found these outcomes persistent among this population.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to fill a critical gap in current research by elucidating the nuanced experiences of college-educated Black women in the workplace during pregnancy and postpartum. By exploring this under-researched area, our study contributes to the academic discourse on Black maternal health disparities within the scope of occupational health. It offers practical insights for enhancing workplace gender equity, …

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Mesenchymal Stem Cells Suppress Inflammatory Cytokines In Lipopolysaccharide Exposed Preterm And Term Human Pregnant Myometrial Cells, Arunmani Mani, John Hotra, Sean C Blackwell, Laura Goetzl, Jerrie S Refuerzo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

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Objective  The objective of this study was to determine the cytokine response in human pregnant preterm and term myometrial cells exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cocultured with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).

Study Design  Myometrium was obtained at cesarean delivery in term and preterm patients. Human myometrial cells were exposed to 5 μg/mL LPS for 4 hours followed by 1 μg/mL LPS for 24 hours and were cocultured with MSCs for 24 hours. Culture supernatants were collected at 24 hours and expression of cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and IL-10, was quantified …

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Leveraging Machine Learning To Study How Temperature Scores Predict Pre-Term Birth Status, Erich Seamon, Jennifer A. Mattera, Sarah A. Keim, Esther M. Leerkes, Jennifer L. Rennels, Andrea J. Kayl, Kristy M. Kulhanek, Darcia Narvaez, Sarah M. Sanborn, Jennifer B. Grandits, Christine Dunkel Schetter, Mary Coussons-Read, Amanda R. Tarullo, Sarah J. Schoppe-Sullivan, Mariah E. Thomason, Julie M. Braungart-Rieker, Julie C. Lumeng, Shannon N. Lenze, Lisa M. Christian, Darby E. Saxbe, Laura R. Stroud, Christina M. Rodriguez, Stephanie Anzaman-Frasca

Psychology Faculty Publications

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Background

Preterm birth (birth at <37 completed weeks gestation) is a significant public heatlh concern worldwide. Important health, and developmental consequences of preterm birth include altered temperament development, with greater dysregulation and distress proneness.

Aims

The present study leveraged advanced quantitative techniques, namely machine learning approaches, to discern the contribution of narrowly defined and broadband temperament dimensions to birth status classification (full-term vs. preterm). Along with contributing to the literature addressing temperament of infants born preterm, the present study serves as a methodological demonstration of these innovative statistical techniques.

Study design

This study represents a metanalysis conducted with multiple samples (N = 19) including preterm (n = 201) children and (n = 402) born at term, with data combined across investigations to perform classification analyses.

Subjects …

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The Impact Of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus And Maternal Oral Microbiome: A Scoping Review, Jaclyn P. Langan

Honors Undergraduate Theses

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Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy-related metabolic disorder associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Recent research has highlighted the potential role of the oral microbiome in the pathophysiology of various systemic conditions, including diabetes mellitus. However, the impact of GDM on the maternal oral microbiome remains relatively understudied. Understanding alterations in the oral microbiome during pregnancy complicated by GDM could provide valuable insights into the mechanistic links between systemic metabolic disorders and oral health.

Objective: The objective of this scoping review was to comprehensively examine the existing literature on the relationship between GDM and maternal oral …

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Teachers' Perception On Physical Activity Promotion In Kindergarten Children In China: A Qualitative Study Connecting Social Ecological Model, Yahan Liang, Fangyuan Ju, Yueran Hao, Jia Yang, Yang Liu

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

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Background

Globally, the majority of kindergarten-aged children face obesity issues and insufficient physical activity (PA) engagement. Regular PA participation can provide various health benefits, including obesity reduction, for kindergarten-aged children. However, limited studies have investigated the factors influencing kindergarten-aged children's PA engagement from the perspective of their teachers. This qualitative study aimed to identify factors that could help promote PA among kindergarten-aged children from teachers' perspectives, including facilitators, barriers, and teachers' recommendations.

Methods

Fifteen kindergarten teachers (age range: 28-50 years; mean age: 38.53 years) with teaching experience ranging from 2 to 31 years (mean: 16.27 years) were recruited from Shanghai …

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Mesenchymal Stem Cells Suppress Inflammatory Cytokines In Lipopolysaccharide Exposed Preterm And Term Human Pregnant Myometrial Cells, Arunmani Mani, John Hotra, Sean C Blackwell, Laura Goetzl, Jerrie S Refuerzo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

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Objective  The objective of this study was to determine the cytokine response in human pregnant preterm and term myometrial cells exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cocultured with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).

Study Design  Myometrium was obtained at cesarean delivery in term and preterm patients. Human myometrial cells were exposed to 5 μg/mL LPS for 4 hours followed by 1 μg/mL LPS for 24 hours and were cocultured with MSCs for 24 hours. Culture supernatants were collected at 24 hours and expression of cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and IL-10, was quantified …

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Rising Prevalence Of Mild Chronic Gastritis In Children: A Single Center Experience, Rohit Josyabhatla, Mary Lauren Wood, Amber Gafur, Nina Tatevian, Amanda S Tchakarov, Syed Shahrukh Hashmi, Jon Marc Rhoads, Melissa Renee Van Arsdall

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

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OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: We analyzed upper endoscopic and histological findings in 3 cohorts of children undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy over a 10-year period. Five hundred seventy-nine patients were identified, with 244 (42%), 199 (35%), and 136 (23%) in the 2011, 2015, and 2019 cohorts, respectively. The most common symptoms and signs were abdominal pain, vomiting, failure to thrive, and diarrhea.

RESULTS: The number of patients who had histological evidence of chronic gastritis increased from 2011 (n = 70, 29%) to 2015 (n = 106, 53%) and 2019 (n = 92, 68%;

CONCLUSIONS: There has been a significant rise in the …

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The Alignmnh 2023 Conference: Progress In Raising Parents’ Voices In Stillbirth Advocacy., Grace Mwashigadi, Treasure Lwantale, Aleena Wojcieszek, Hannah Blencowe, Susannah Hopkins Leisher, Caroline Wanjiru Kiunga, David Wanjala, Claire Storey

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health

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No abstract provided.

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Pattern And Determinants Of Contraceptive Use Among The Muslim Women In Wajir And Lamu Counties In Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study., Batula Abdi, Jerry Okal, Gamal Serour, Vincent Were, Marleen Temmerman, Peter Gichangi

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health

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Background; Improving access to family planning (FP) is associated with positive health benefits that includes averting nearly a third of all maternal deaths and 10% of childhood deaths. Kenya has made great strides in improving access to family planning services. However, amid this considerable progress, regional variation has been noted which begs the need for a clearer understanding of the the patterns and determinants that drive these inconsistencies.

Methods; We conducted a cross-sectional study that involved 663 Muslim women of reproductive age (15–49 years) from Wajir and Lamu counties in Kenya between March and October 2018.The objective of this study …

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Psychiatric Morbidity In Perinatal Women And Its Outcome In A Tertiary Care Hospital, Lakshmi Velayudam, Prathap Talwar, Kishor M, Harshitha Padmanabha

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

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Background: Pregnancy and postpartum are a period of vulnerability in a women’s life for developing mental health problems. Perinatal psychiatric illness has various adverse outcome on maternal, neonatal and child health.

Objective: To study the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and its outcome among women in the perinatal period.

Method: It is a prospective study conducted at a tertiary care hospital where antenatal and postnatal women were screened for psychiatric disorder using patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Edinburgh Post Natal Depression Scale (EPDS) respectively. Total of 140 women diagnosed with psychiatric disorder were followed up for a year and outcome …

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Transforming Children's Oral Health: The Impact Of Oral Healthcare Policies On Virginia Medicaid Dental Health Outcomes., Anita M. Kumar

Theses and Dissertations

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Abstract: Transforming Children's Oral Health: The Impact of Oral Healthcare Policies on Virginia Medicaid Dental Health Outcomes.

Objectives: This dissertation uses Department of Medical Assistance Services (DMAS) administrative files at the individual and provider level from fiscal years (FY) 2011 to 2021 to systematically study the effect of recently implemented oral health policies (EBD guidelines on sealants, CMS updated quality measures, expansion of Medicaid oral healthcare for qualifying pregnant women) on oral health outcomes of Virginia Medicaid-enrolled children.

Methods: The studies employ a difference in differences regression methods (negative binomial, Poisson, and logistic) to examine the effects of oral health …

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Longitudinal Analysis Of Maternal Depression, Physical Work Demand, And Working Hours Before, During, And After Pregnancy On Offspring Blood Pressure Trajectories, Medhin Tsegaye Haile

Theses and Dissertations

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Overall Abstract

Background: Pediatric high blood pressure (BP) is a growing global concern, with 1 in 7 adolescents in the U.S. experiencing elevated BP or hypertension. Maternal lifestyle factors, including depressive symptoms, physically demanding work, and work hours during pregnancy, may influence offspring BP trajectories. However, prior studies often focus on single time points or specific age groups, limiting understanding of long-term effects. This study investigates the associations between maternal depressive symptoms, physically demanding work-related factors, and work hours before, during, and after pregnancy with offspring systolic blood pressure (SBP) trajectories from early childhood to adolescence.

Methods: We utilized …

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Factors Associated With Reproductive Health Knowledge Among Vocational School Students In Padang, Wilda Tri Yuliza, Meti Yanti, Alkafi Alkafi, Gusni Rahma

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

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The Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia in 2022 reported that 35.3 persen of women and 31.2 persen of men aged 15-19 have limited or no awareness of reproductive health. The rise of vocational students who are often caught in raids with several cases including sexual deviations is a fatal impact of the lack of reproductive health knowledge on adolescence. The purpose of this study is to find out the factors associated with reproductive health knowledge among vocational students in Padang City. A cross-sectional quantitative research was conducted in July-September 2023 among 538 students at SMK in Padang, …

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