Health Services Research Commons^™

Loneliness And Alcohol-Related Problems Among College Students Who Report Binge Drinking Behavior: The Moderating Role Of Food And Alcohol Disturbance, Luke Herchenroeder, Stacy M Post, Michelle L Stock, Ellen W Yeung

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Loneliness and alcohol misuse are common among college students and pose a threat to public health. To better understand the longitudinal association between these public health concerns we examined food and alcohol disturbance (FAD; i.e., restricting one's caloric intake prior to drinking) as a moderator in the association between loneliness and alcohol-related problems. Participants were 456 college students from a mid-sized university who engaged in past 30-day binge drinking. The majority of participants identified as being White (67.1%), female (78.1%), and reported a mean age of 19.61 (SD = 1.54) years. Participants completed two surveys (3 weeks apart) over the …

A Comprehensive Update On Cido: The Community-Based Coronavirus Infectious Disease Ontology, Yongqun He, Hong Yu, Anthony Huffman, Asiyah Yu Lin, Darren A Natale, John Beverley, Ling Zheng, Yehoshua Perl, Zhigang Wang, Yingtong Liu, Edison Ong, Yang Wang, Philip Huang, Long Tran, Jinyang Du, Zalan Shah, Easheta Shah, Roshan Desai, Hsin-Hui Huang, Yujia Tian, Eric Merrell, William D Duncan, Sivaram Arabandi, Lynn M Schriml, Jie Zheng, Anna Maria Masci, Liwei Wang, Hongfang Liu, Fatima Zohra Smaili, Robert Hoehndorf, Zoë May Pendlington, Paola Roncaglia, Xianwei Ye, Jiangan Xie, Yi-Wei Tang, Xiaolin Yang, Suyuan Peng, Luxia Zhang, Luonan Chen, Junguk Hur, Gilbert S Omenn, Brian Athey, Barry Smith

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The current COVID-19 pandemic and the previous SARS/MERS outbreaks of 2003 and 2012 have resulted in a series of major global public health crises. We argue that in the interest of developing effective and safe vaccines and drugs and to better understand coronaviruses and associated disease mechenisms it is necessary to integrate the large and exponentially growing body of heterogeneous coronavirus data. Ontologies play an important role in standard-based knowledge and data representation, integration, sharing, and analysis. Accordingly, we initiated the development of the community-based Coronavirus Infectious Disease Ontology (CIDO) in early 2020.

RESULTS: As an Open Biomedical Ontology …

Increased Incidence Of Suspected Smoke Inhalation During The Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A National Database Study, Theodore E Habarth-Morales, Arturo J. Rios Diaz, Emily Isch, Shreyas Chandragiri, Lucy Qi, Rose Ni, Edward J. Caterson

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced many Americans to adapt their daily routines. In 2020, there was a significant increase in house fires according to the National Fire Prevention Association (NFPA). The objective of this study was to characterize the changes in suspected smoke inhalations (SSIs) during the first year of the pandemic in the National Emergency Medical Services Information System (NEMSIS). The NEMSIS database was queried for all EMS transports captured between 2017 and 2020. Differences in the incidences of SSIs and fire dispatches in 2020 were estimated using Poisson regression models. There was a 13.4% increase in the incidence …

Patient Perspectives On Opioid Risk Discussions In Primary Care, Stephanie A. Hooker, Inih J. Essien, Caitlin M. Borgert-Spaniol, Rebecca C. Rossom, Anthony W. Olson, Katrina M. Romagnoli, Leif I. Solberg

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: Both patients and clinicians have described discussions of potential opioid risks as challenging. This study’s goal was to understand patient perspectives on discussing opioid risks with primary care clinicians (PCCs).

Methods: Patients identified to be at elevated risk for problems with opioids (ie, opioid use disorder [OUD] diagnosis, taking a medication for OUD, or having ≥ 3 opioid prescriptions in the last year) were recruited from an integrated, Upper Midwest health system to participate in semi-structured qualitative interviews. Interview questions aimed to better understand patient views on conversations about opioid risks with PCCs and perceptions of OUD screening and …

Full Issue, Winthrop Mcnair Research Bulletin

The Winthrop McNair Research Bulletin

Winthrop McNair Research Bulletin Volume 5, Full Issue

Brazil's Family Health Strategy: An Examination Of The Experience Of Community Health Workers And Their Impact On The Commonwealth, Ximena Perez-Velazco

The Winthrop McNair Research Bulletin

This study explores the experience of community health workers―front line public health workers― who provide low-level health intervention as they are integrated into multidisciplinary teams of health professionals, under the constitution of Brazil’s Family Health strategy, a policy established in order to provide universal primary care in Brazil. Furthermore, this research looks into how the community health workers’ role in bridging the gap between the public health efforts and the commonwealth initiates health literacy and health practices within the community and the CHWs themselves. There is little to no research on the subject of community health workers’ physical or mental …

Case Growth Analysis To Inform Local Response To Covid-19 Epidemic In A Diverse Us Community, Marcia C De Oliveira Otto, Frances A Brito, Ji Yun Tark, Eric Bakota, Jose-Miguel Yamal, Dritana Marko, Shreela V Sharma, Michael R Brown, Savitri N Appana, Alison M Rector, Stephen H Linder, Jennifer Kiger, Karen C Tseng, Alanna C Morrison, Eric Boerwinkle

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Early detection of new outbreak waves is critical for effective and sustained response to the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a growth rate analysis using local community and inpatient records from seven hospital systems to characterize distinct phases in SARS-CoV-2 outbreak waves in the Greater Houston area. We determined the transition times from rapid spread of infection in the community to surge in the number of inpatients in local hospitals. We identified 193,237 residents who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 via molecular testing from April 8, 2020 to June 30, 2021, and 30,031 residents admitted within local healthcare institutions with a positive …

Governing Cross-Sector Collaboratives: Evaluation Observations From The California Accountable Communities Of Health Initiative (Cachi), Center For Outcomes Research And Education, Desert Vista Consulting, Agd Consulting

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Aapm Report 373: The Content, Structure, And Value Of The Professional Doctorate In Medical Physics (Dmp), Jay W Burmeister, Charles W Coffey, John D Hazle, Neil Kirby, Yu Kuang, Michael A Lamba, Brian Loughery, Niko Papanikolaou

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The Professional Doctorate in Medical Physics (DMP) was originally conceived as a solution to the shortage of medical physics residency training positions. While this shortage has now been largely satisfied through conventional residency training positions, the DMP has expanded to multiple institutions and grown into an educational pathway that provides specialized clinical training and extends well beyond the creation of additional training spots. As such, it is important to reevaluate the purpose and the value of the DMP. Additionally, it is important to outline the defining characteristics of the DMP to assure that all existing and future programs provide this …

Analysis Of The Need For Legal Protection For Doctors In Teleconsultation Services Towards The Covid-19 Endemic In Indonesia, Mila Fitriana, Anhari Achadi

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

Teleconsultation is a form of telemedicine that has developed rapidly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical teleconsultation provides remote clinical consultation services to assist in establishing a diagnosis, and/or providing treatment considerations/advice. There are several issues in telemedicine, including ethical and legal issues. This study aims to find ethical and legal issues related to teleconsultation services after the COVID-19 pandemic. This research uses normative legal research methods. The laws and regulations that are reviewed by the researcher are those that are still valid in the Republic of Indonesia until June 2022. Researchers compare teleconsultation regulations and laws that were in effect …

Analysis Of Factors Related To Intention-To-Use Telemedicine Services (Teleconsultation) In Jabodetabek Residents During The Covid-19 Pandemic In 2021, Isna Mutiara Salsabila, Kurnia Sari

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

The emergence of COVID-19 pandemic has made it difficult for people to access health services. According to JKN statistics, FKTP visits was decreased from 337.69 million (2019) to 193.03 (2021). Teleconsultation, a type of telemedicine, could be the right solution so that people can still access the health services they need and protect themselves from the spread of COVID-19. There was an increase in the use of several teleconsultation applications in Indonesia during pandemic, from 4 million to more than 15 million people. However, this rate is only 7.63% of the internet users and 5.6% of the total population of …

Analysis Of Prolanis Policy Implementation During The Covid-19 Pandemic In 2021, D.Fitria Sari Firdaus, Mardiati Nadjib

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

Data from Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2018 shows that Diabetes and Hypertension dominate chronic diseases. The Director of BPJS Kesehatan has issued Circular No. 14 of 2020 concerning health services for national health insurance participants during the COVID-19 prevention period, especially Prolanis. The policy contains an appeal to postpone the provision of services in the form of mass gathering activities such as Prolanis Gymnastics, Club Education, and and other activities. Hence, this research is needed to describe the implementation of Prolanis policies during the COVID-19 Pandemic. The study used a descriptive research design with qualitative methods and George C. …

Description Study Of Pandeglang Community Knowledge On Natural Disasters And Government Policies Related To Natural Disaster Preparedness In 2022, Novi Anggraini Ginting, Wiku Bakti Bawono Adisasmito

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

Pandeglang Regency, which is a disaster-prone area, requires people who have sufficient knowledge to create community preparedness in dealing with disasters and can assist in the disaster mitigation process. This study aims to find out how the community's knowledge and community preparedness related to natural disasters and what efforts have been made by the government to improve the readiness of the people of Pandeglang Regency. This research method is descriptive and quantitative with 451 respondents. The results of the study showed that the people of Pandeglang Regency still did not know correctly the different types of threats or types of …

Service Of People With Psychiatric Problems (Odmk) At The Pasar Baru Health Center And Pabuaran Tumpeng Health Center In Tangerang City In 2022: A Comparative Study, Mentari Kirana Firdaus, Masyitoh Basabih

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

Mental health is one of the global health issues with cases that continue to increase every year. In 2019, psychiatric problems were the second leading cause of disability worldwide with a total of 970 million cases. This research is a comparative study that aims to determine the difference between ODMK services at Pasar Baru Health Center and Pabuaran Tumpeng Health Center. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method, data collection is done through in-depth interviews and document review. The variables analyzed include input, process, and output. The results of the study found that in the input …

Observational Study Of The Clinical Performance Of A Public-Private Partnership National Referral Hospital Network In Lesotho: Do Improvements Last Over Time?, Nancy A. Scott, Jeanette L. Kaiser, Brian W. Jack, Elizabeth L. Nkholongo, Allison Juntunen, Tshema Nash, Mayowa Alade, Taryn Vian

Nursing and Health Professions Faculty Research and Publications

Public-private partnerships (PPP) may increase healthcare quality but lack longitudinal evidence for success. The Queen ‘Mamohato Memorial Hospital (QMMH) in Lesotho is one of Africa’s first healthcare PPPs. We compare data from 2012 and 2018 on capacity, utilization, quality, and outcomes to understand if early documented successes have been sustained using the same measures over time. In this observational study using administrative and clinical data, we assessed beds, admissions, average length of stay (ALOS), outpatient visits, and patient outcomes. We measured triage time and crash cart stock through direct observation in 2013 and 2020. Operational hospital beds increased from 390 …

Omicron Variants Of The Sars-Cov-2: A Potentially Significant Threat In A New Wave Of Infections, Lukasz Szarpak, Michal Pruc, Alla Navolokina, Kavita Batra, Francesco Chirico, Charles De Roquetaillade

School of Medicine Faculty Research

From the beginning, the COVID-19 pandemic turned out to be a huge challenge and burden for medical services [1]. Currently, humanity is dealing with a new wave of the virus that has evolved and presents a new challenge, mainly due to its ability to avoid immune surveillance. Indeed, our main line of defense — vaccines — may be compromised. Omicron variants are characterized by an evolutionary force unprecedented so far. Among the several sublines that have already emerged, the BA.5 strain exhibit higher transmissibility and demonstrates a worrisome immune evasion. According to several laboratory investigations, vaccination-induced antibodies are less successful …

Patterns And Determinants Of Hiv Postexposure Prophylaxis In A Tertiary Health Facility In Nigeria, Onyinye H. Chime, Edmund O Ndibuagu, Wilfred O. Okenwa

International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences

Background: One of the targets of HIV prevention strategy is to ensure that 95% of the population access prevention services by 2030 with the aspiration of ending the AIDS epidemic by 2030. Methods: This is a record-based cross-sectional review. Data was extracted from the PEP registers and treatment folders from January 2017 to December 2021. Results: Non-occupational exposure (82.5%) was reported more than occupational (17.5%). Majority of cases (442) resulted from rape. Only 9.1% of the clients returned for follow-up and all were negative. Conclusion: Behavioral interventions designed to promote HIV risk reduction and protective behaviors should be promoted.

Development Of Tlc Fingerprinting Profile Of Shadanga Paniya – An Ayurvedic Formulation To Treat Symptoms Of Covid-19, Mehta D. Mehul, Kunal M. Gohil, Krunal A. Doshi

International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences

BACKGROUND: Shadanga Paniya is a compound Ayurvedic formulation that contains six ingredients. Ayurvedic Physicians have been using Shadanga Paniya to treat fever for ages. Symptoms of COVID-19 are also being treated by Shadanga Paniya. However, the Shadanga Paniya has not reported standardisation.

AIMS: To prepare Shadanga Paniya as per the standard classical protocol. To carry out qualitative tests, standardisation and TLC profile development for Shadanga Paniya.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: All the ingredients of Shadanga Paniya wiz. Nagarmotha, Pittapapada, Khasa, Lal Chandana, Sugandhbala and Sunthi were taken in equal amounts. All these ingredients are heated over mild heat with water. The …

Emerging Lessons From The Covid-19 Pandemic About The Decisive Competencies Needed For The Public Health Workforce: A Qualitative Study, Osnat Bashkin, Robert Otok, Lore Leighton, Kasia Czabanowska, Paul Barach, Nadav Davidovitch, Keren Dopelt, Mariusz Duplaga, Leah Okenwa Emegwa, Fiona Macleod, Yehuda Neumark, Maya Peled Raz, Theodore Tulchinsky, Zohar Mor

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

The global COVID-19 crisis exposed the critical need for a highly qualified public health workforce. This qualitative research aimed to examine public health workforce competencies needed to face COVID-19 challenges and identify the gaps between training programs and the competency demands of real-world disasters and pandemics. Through a sample of thirty-one participant qualitative interviews, we examined the perspectives of diverse stakeholders from lead public health organizations in Israel. Grounded Theory was used to analyze the data. Six themes emerged from the content analysis: public health workforce's low professional status and the uncertain future of the public health workforce; links between …

Adult Day Services In Maine: Benefits, Challenges, And Opportunities, Elizabeth Gattine Jd, Eileen Griffin Jd, Kimberly I. Snow Mhsa, Ba

Disability & Aging

In Maine and nationally, adult day services tend to be underfunded and underutilized compared to other types of long term services and supports (LTSS). In part, investment in adult day services is hampered by a lack of standardized data collection and limited research on issues of accessibility, cost-effectiveness, and the impact of adult day services on the broader health system. Lack of uniformity in state regulatory frameworks for licensing, program design, service delivery, and other administrative requirements further complicates cross-state comparisons. Considering these limitations, a key goal of this report is to provide a more detailed and comprehensive understanding of …