Health Services Research Commons^™

Residual Traditional Risk In Non-Traditional Atherosclerotic Diseases, Federico Biscetti, Giorgia Polito, Maria Margherita Rando, Maria Anna Nicolazzi, Luis H. Eraso, Paul J. Dimuzio, Massimo Massetti, Antonio Gasbarrini, Andrea Flex

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Individuals with chronic inflammatory and immune disorders are at an increased risk of atherosclerotic events and premature cardiovascular (CV) disease. Despite extensive literature exploring the relationship between "non-traditional" atherosclerotic conditions and CV risk, many aspects remain unresolved, including the underlying mechanisms promoting the "non-traditional CV risk", the development of an innovative and comprehensive CV risk assessment tool, and recommendations for tailored interventions. This review aims to evaluate the available evidence on key "non-traditional" CV risk-enhancer conditions, with a focus on assessing and managing CV risk factors. We conducted a comprehensive review of 412 original articles, narrative and systematic reviews, and …

'A Little Knowledge Is A Dangerous Thing': Rural Realities, Professional Ideals, And The Forgotten History Of Cottage Nursing C. 1880-1939, Martha Groppo

EKU Faculty and Staff Scholarship

This paper examines the rise and fall of cottage nursing, a controversial approach to rural healthcare that was championed across the United Kingdom from the 1880s to the interwar period. Defying the strategies being used to professionalise nursing in urban centres, cottage nursing supporters argued that nurses for the rural poor should be recruited from the lowest social classes, given only the briefest training, and prepared to do both nursing and menial domestic work. Their critics espoused the noble ideal of providing the rural poor with only the best-trained lady district nurses from the apparent moral high ground, persuasively arguing …

An Evaluation Of Nhmrc Funded Dementia And Diabetes Research, Etienne Vignola-Gagné Phd, Dmitrii Malkov, Elisabeth Browning, Jörg Hellwig Phd, Luigi Rocco Phd, Henrique Pinheiro, Alexandre Bédard-Vallée

Public Reports

This report, commissioned by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), provides comprehensive insights into the research outputs, outcomes, and impacts of NHMRC-funded health and medical research in the areas of dementia and diabetes to support NHMRC's mission of ‘building a healthy Australia.’

Systemic Challenges In Pediatric Healthcare: Exploring Reimbursement Disparities And Their Impact On Healthcare Equity, Jessica Ford-Davis, Alexandra Gillette

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Introduction: Medicare, Medicaid, and the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) have provided health coverage for over 135 million Americans, with Medicaid playing a significant role in financing pediatric healthcare. Medicaid covers a wide range of services for children, particularly those from low-income families or with special healthcare needs, including preventive care, immunizations, vision and dental services, and mental health treatments. However, Medicaid reimbursement rates are lower compared to Medicare and private insurance, in some cases 30.6% lower, and have often been insufficient to cover the full cost of care, contributing to financial losses for children's hospitals. Despite these challenges, nearly …

Association Of State Cannabis Legalization With Cannabis Use Disorder And Cannabis Poisoning, Jayani Jayawardhana, Jialin Hou, Patricia Freeman, Jeffery C. Talbert

Health Management and Policy Faculty Publications

IMPORTANCE Whether state implementation of medical and recreational cannabis laws is associated with increased cannabis use disorder (CUD) and/or cannabis poisoning among adults is not evident.

OBJECTIVE To examine state-level medical and recreational cannabis laws’ associations with CUD and cannabis poisoning, overall and by sex and age subgroups.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this longitudinal cohort study, state-level CUD and cannabis poisoning diagnoses from January 2011 to December 2021 were examined across all 50 US states and the District of Columbia before and after the implementation of medical and recreational cannabis laws (MCLs and RCLs, respectively) using a staggered adoption …

Demographic Variation In Continuous Glucose Monitoring Utilisation Among Patients With Type 1 Diabetes From A Us Regional Academic Medical Centre: A Retrospective Cohort Study, 2018–2021, Omer Atac, Kory R. Heier, Daniela Moga, John L. Fowlkes, Min-Woong Sohn, Aaron J. Kruse-Diehr, Teresa M. Waters, Mary E. Lacy

Health Management and Policy Faculty Publications

Objective: While continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) utilisation has been increasing among patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D), few studies have examined patterns of use across age, race/ethnicity and insurance status together. In this study, we examine CGM utilisation among patients with T1D from a regional academic medical centre across all insurance types.

Design and Setting: This is a retrospective cohort study including both paediatric and adult patients with T1D who visited a regional academic medical centre between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2021.

Methods: Patients were followed from the date of their first T1D encounter during the study period …

Rural Hospital Closure And Medicaid Expansion, Jason White

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Introduction: In the United States, hospitals in rural areas have been under financial pressure and have been closing at an increasing rate.  This reduces access to care for rural citizens.  The Affordable Care Act of 2010 was passed in order to increase access to medical care, partially through an optional expansion of Medicaid coverage to a larger percentage of the population.  As some states adopted the expansion and some states did not, an opportunity was created to examine the policy’s effect on rural hospital stability.

Purpose of the Study:  This study was designed to examine the effect of …

Summary Of Eco Groups Learning Evaluation, Claire Devine, Abby Bush, Lisa Angus

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Resilience And Reality: Exploring The Lived Experiences Of People Living With Hiv In Texas During The Covid-19 Pandemic – A Qualitative Study., Ahmed F. Alanazi

Social Work Dissertations - Archive

This study investigated the lived experiences of individuals living with HIV (PLWH) in the Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW) area of Texas during the COVID-19 pandemic, using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) framework. The research examined the intersection of health, social dynamics, and psychological resilience among PLWH, who faced compounded vulnerabilities due to systemic inequities and the dual public health crises of HIV and COVID-19. Through semi-structured interviews with ten participants from diverse backgrounds, the study captured the profound impacts of disrupted healthcare systems, heightened stigma, and social isolation on this marginalized population. The findings reveal that the pandemic exacerbated existing inequities …

Third Party Negotiated Hospital Pricing In Rural And Urban Hospitals Within 12 U.S. States, Lindsey R. Hammerslag, Aaron P. Smith, Jeffrey C. Talbert

Rural & Underserved Health Research Center Publications

No abstract provided.

Exploring Lgbtq+ Competency In Healthcare, Jordan Whiteman

Honors College Theses

Marginalized groups such as the LGBTQ+ community are known to face healthcare disparities that negatively affect their process of navigating healthcare systems. This project explores the perceived lack of representation and understanding of the LGBTQ+ community within healthcare settings, exposing the deficits in knowledge for unique challenges and inequalities these patients may face. By viewing the literature, a myriad of complications faced by LGBTQ+ people in clinical settings can be identified. They possess a generalized feeling of mistrust towards the healthcare system. Healthcare staff overall describe low confidence with caring for this demographic. Heteronormativity’s presence in the field of healthcare …

Inpatient Utilization Among Medicaid Members With Substance Use And Serious Mental Illness In Oregon, Megan Holtorf

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Addressing Housing As A Health-Related Social Need: Insights From A Medicaid Housing Pilot In Oregon, Megan Holtorf, Benjamin Gronowski

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Experiences And Impacts Of A Hospital-Based, Spanish-Language Teaching Kitchen And Garden On Staff And Participants, Sarah E Roth, Benjamin Gronowski, Heidi Davis

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Oregon Doula Workforce Analysis, Aisha K Gilmore, Apoorva Somayazulu, Lindsay Dickey, Rosemelty Jimenez Medal

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

The European Health Data Space As A Compass For Academic/Industry Collaborations, Gabriela Lenarczyk, Hannah Louise Smith, W. Nicholson Price Ii

Articles

Against the backdrop of a deepening funding crisis for academic research in the US, how and when can closer relationships between academia and industry better support the research enterprise? Spector-Bagdady (2025) explores this potential response, bringing insight from genetic data sharing between academia and industry—and the benefits and challenges that arise from that sharing. She calls for a response that aligns academic institutional policy to support the realization of any public good, recognizing the pitfalls and problematic incentives that shape individual responses. It’s a timely call, and an attractive one in a time of urgent uncertainty about funding and support. …

Facilitated Group Care For Maternal And Child Health Model Fidelity: A Scoping Review, Ashley Gresh, Phoebe Parker, Anne Batchelder, Jalana Lazar, Christina X. Marea, Camilla Bjelland, Rohan D. Jeremiah, Giovanna Cristina Machado-Kayzuka, Hayden Geibel, Dhruvi R. Patel, Esnath Kapito, Kathleen F. Norr, Crystal L. Patil

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Group care is a transformative model of prenatal, postnatal, and well-child care. The Centering-based group care model has three core components: health care, interactive learning, and community building. It has been implemented in 33 countries with associated improved maternal and child health outcomes. Maintaining fidelity to the model is essential for its effectiveness. However, to date no standardised measure of fidelity to the group care model exists. This review aimed to explore how fidelity is measured in group care and identify common themes to understand what is essential to maintain fidelity. We used the scoping review framework by Arksey & …

The Impact Of Diabetes Education & Post Discharge Interventions For African American Adults At Risk For & After Myocardial Infarction, Trinity L. Billingsley

Nursing | Student Research Posters

Cardiovascular disease or CVD refers to a multitude of conditions that affect both the heart and blood vessels. Being the leading cause of death in the United States, heart disease claims 919,032 lives; the risk of death becomes more likely when accompanied with comorbidities like diabetes (CDC, 2024). While heart disease is a leading cause of death across all populations, it accounts for a larger proportion of deaths in African American, or AA, adults at 22.6% compared to White adults at 18.0% and Hispanic adults at 11.9%, highlighting persistent racial disparities in cardiovascular outcomes (CDC, 2024). Diabetes as a comorbidity …

Researching Dementia Indicators Among Rural Populations, Justin S. Yount

Theses and Dissertations--Community & Leadership Development

The study explored potential dementia indicators and risk factors among older adults residing in rural areas who are actively engaged in farming operations. Data was collected in three components a questionnaire, an audiogram test, and a memory impairment screening. 104 people responded to the questionnaire, 133 participants took the audiogram test, and 94 participated in the memory impairment screening. The findings revealed that 80.9% of participants showed no sign of cognitive impairment while 19.1% showed signs of possible impairment. Participants reported moderate levels of physical and social activity, but common risk factors such as elevated BMI, diabetes, hearing loss, and …

Understanding The Impact Of Language Barriers And Visit Duration On Caregiver Satisfaction In Pediatric Primary Care, Gavin Miller, Liz Vazquez, Joyce Ho, Emma Maynor, Emily L. Allen, Marley F. Fradley, Julian Ruiz, Ana J. Bridges

2025 Honors Symposium

Abstract:

Problem. Children from households that speak languages other than English (LOE) face significant challenges in accessing healthcare, which can lead to poorer health outcomes and inadequate medical care (Flores et al., 2005). Language barriers contribute to these disparities, often resulting in diminished communication between healthcare providers and families (Ramirez et al., 2023). In pediatric primary care, visit duration—defined as the amount of time between when a patient is checked into and out of the clinic—may play a crucial role in facilitating effective communication and improving patient satisfaction (Tsiga et al., 2013). Physicians experience significant time pressure and productivity expectations, …