Health Services Research Commons^™

Identification Of Medicare Recipients At Highest Risk For Clostridium Difficile Infection In The Us By Population Attributable Risk Analysis, Erik R. Dubberke, Margaret A. Olsen, Dustin Stwalley, Ciarán P. Kelly, Dale N. Gerding, Yinong Young-Xu, Cedric Mahé

Dartmouth Scholarship

Background: Population attributable risk percent (PAR%) is an epidemiological tool that provides an estimate of the percent reduction in total disease burden if that disease could be entirely eliminated among a subpopulation. As such, PAR% is used to efficiently target prevention interventions. Due to significant limitations in current Clostridium difficile Infection (CDI) prevention practices and the development of new approaches to prevent CDI, such as vaccina- tion, we determined the PAR% for CDI in various subpopulations in the Medicare 5% random sample. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using the 2009 Medicare 5% random sample. Comorbidities, infections, and healthcare …

Employing The Precautionary Principle To Evaluate The Use Of E-Cigarettes, Ashley M. Bush, James W. Holsinger Jr., Lawrence D. Prybil

Health Management and Policy Faculty Publications

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have emerged onto the public market as an alternative to tobacco cigarettes; however, science is inconclusive as e-cigarettes have not been thoroughly investigated, including their short- and long-term risks and benefits (1, 2). The question arises of whether e-cigarettes will become the future tobacco crisis. This paper connects the precautionary principle to the use of e-cigarettes in an effort to guide decision-makers in the prevention of adverse health outcomes and societal costs.

Tom Curran, Phd, Frs, Named Executive Director Of Children's Research Institute, Children's Mercy Hospital

Our Story Continues

Tom Curran, PhD, FRS, has been named Chief Scientific Officer and Executive Director of the Children’s Mercy Children’s Research Institute (CRI), effective Feb. 1 [2016]

The Children’s Research Institute at Children’s Mercy Kansas City was established last year to build on the hospital’s century-long history in pediatric research and to focus the hospital’s future research efforts in four key areas:

• Pediatric Genomic Medicine
• Clinical Pharmacology
• Health Services and Outcomes
• Health Care Delivery

Grant Application: Health Practitioners’ Perspective On Caring For Older Adults In Rural Maine – A Pilot Study, Jessica Harnisch, Allie Stanley, Amanda Langley, Jordan Beall

Health Practitioners' Perspective On Caring For Older Adults In Rural Maine

IPEC Mini-grant application for funding of UNE student project Health Practioners’ Perspective on Caring for Older Adults in Rural Maine. This pilot study was designed to identify challenges and determine potential solutions for Maine practitioners delivering health care to rural Maine’s aging population. UNE students from several healthcare professions partnered to interview physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, social workers, occupational therapists, and physical therapists caring for community-dwelling older adults in Rural Maine. The student researchers then analyzed the interviews and identified themes.

Multilevel Analysis Of Individual, Neighborhood, And Health Care Facility Characteristics Associated With Achievement And Maintenance Of Hiv Viral Suppression Among Persons Newly Diagnosed With Hiv In New York City, Ellen W. Wiewel

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Objective

To investigate the effect of individual, health care facility, and neighborhood characteristics on achievement and maintenance of HIV viral suppression, among New York City residents aged 13 years and older diagnosed with HIV between 2006 and 2012.

Methods

I used individual-level data from the New York City HIV surveillance registry and Case Surveillance-Based Sampling, facility-level data from the surveillance registry, and neighborhood-level data from the U.S. Census and American Community Survey. The outcomes of interest were first viral suppression after diagnosis (Aims 1 and 3; ≤400 copies/mL) and virologic failure after first suppression among persons who achieved suppression (Aim …

Health In Housing - Exploring The Intersection Between Housing & Health Care, Bill J. Wright, Grace Li, Keri B Vartanian, Maggie Weller

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Re-Framing Informal Family Caregiving, Magdalena T. Ornstein-Sloan

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Informal family caregivers are the backbone of the long-term care system, providing an estimated 80% of the long-term care in the United States. Caregivers provide care to people with disabilities, the ill and older adults, often with little to no outside assistance from the formal long-term care system. Although caregivers receive attention in the academic literature, mainstream media and within public policy and services development, caregiver services continue to remain underutilized. The focus on service provision has various goals, including the desire to lessen the burden caregivers experience by providing services so they can provide care at home longer than …

Assessing The Twinning Model In The Rwandan Human Resources For Health Program: Goal Setting, Satisfaction And Perceived Skill Transfer, Esperance Ndenga, Glorieuse Uwizeye, Dana R. Thomson, Eric Uwitonze, Joel Mubiligi, Bethany L. Hedt-Gauthier, Michael Wilkes, Agnes Binagwaho

Dartmouth Scholarship

Because of the shortage of health professionals, particularly in specialty areas, Rwanda initiated the Human Resources for Health (HRH) Program. In this program, faculty from United States teaching institutions (USF) "twin" with Rwandan Faculty (RF) to transfer skills. This paper assesses the twinning model, exploring USF and RF goal setting, satisfaction and perceptions of the effectiveness of skill transfer within the twinning model.

Generational Differences In Practice Site Selection Criteria Amongst Primary Care Physicians., Christopher Duffrin Phd, Mches, Molly Cashion Mph, Doyle M. Cummings Pharmd, Lauren Whetstone Phd, Jonathon Firnhaber Md, Gary Levine Md, Ricky Watson Md, Msph, Aaron Lambert Md

Marshall Journal of Medicine

ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives: Generational differences are often viewed as shaping the overall attitudes and actions of different age cohorts. It is essential to understand the motivations and generational differences in primary care physicians for efforts to recruit, retain, and educate the future physician workforce. Determining what factors most influence different generations of primary care physicians when choosing a practice site is essential to build our future primary care system. This study examined generational differences in the factors that attracted primary care physicians to their current practice.

Methods: A survey instrument was mailed to all active members of the North …

Factors Associated With Unmet Needs Among African-American Dementia Care Providers, P. J. Desin, Allison M. Caban-Holt, Erin L. Abner, Linda J. Van Eldik, Frederick A. Schmitt

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

Racial and ethnic minorities currently comprise 20% of the U.S. population; in 2050, this figure is expected to rise to 42%. As a result, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the 5th leading cause of death for people aged 65 and older, is likely to increase in these groups. Most dementia caregiving for these populations comes from family and friends, especially among families with lower socioeconomic status. A convenience sample of 30 African-American dementia caregivers was interviewed to determine unmet needs. Participants expressed a limited desire for formal services, such as support groups, legal advice, case management, and homemaker services. Instead, commonly expressed …

Models For Hsv Shedding Must Account For Two Levels Of Overdispersion, Amalia Magaret

UW Biostatistics Working Paper Series

We have frequently implemented crossover studies to evaluate new therapeutic interventions for genital herpes simplex virus infection. The outcome measured to assess the efficacy of interventions on herpes disease severity is the viral shedding rate, defined as the frequency of detection of HSV on the genital skin and mucosa. We performed a simulation study to ascertain whether our standard model, which we have used previously, was appropriately considering all the necessary features of the shedding data to provide correct inference. We simulated shedding data under our standard, validated assumptions and assessed the ability of 5 different models to reproduce the …

Harvesting Health: A Community-Based Participatory Evaluation Of The Veggie Rx Program, Natalie Royal, Kristin Brown, Fanny Rodriguez, Bianca Fernandez, Leticia Valle, Elizur Bello

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Reorienting Adolescent Sexual And Reproductive Health Research: Reflections From An International Conference, Kristien Michielsen, Sara De Meyer, Olena Ivanova, Ragnar Anderson, Peter Decat, Céline Herbiet, Caroline W. Kabiru, Evert Ketting, James Lees, Caroline Moreau, Deborah L. Tolman, Ine Vanwesenbeeck, Bernardo Vega, Elizabeth Verhetsel, Venkatraman Chandra-Mouli

Publications and Research

On December 4th 2014, the International Centre for Reproductive Health (ICRH) at Ghent University organized an international conference on adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) and well-being. This viewpoint highlights two key messages of the conference - 1) ASRH promotion is broadening on different levels and 2) this broadening has important implications for research and interventions – that can guide this research field into the next decade. Adolescent sexuality has long been equated with risk and danger. However, throughout the presentations, it became clear that ASRH and related promotion efforts are broadening on different levels: from risk to well-being, from …

Medicaid Financing, Sally Coberly

National Health Policy Forum

This publication provides an overview of how the Medicaid program is financed. It explains how the federal and state shares of funding are determined, briefly describes disproportionate share hospital payments and how those are affected by the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, and outlines financing mechanisms states have used to maximize federal Medicaid matching funds.

Medicaid Eligibility And Benefits, Sally Coberly

National Health Policy Forum

This publication provides a brief overview of the Medicaid program. It highlights the range of eligibility and benefits requirements and options and it briefly describes the program's financing structure.

The Medicare Drug Benefit (Part D), Sally Coberly

National Health Policy Forum

The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA) established a voluntary outpatient prescription drug benefit for Medicare beneficiaries that began January 1, 2006. This publication provides an overview of the drug benefit.

Medicare, Sally Coberly

National Health Policy Forum

This publication provides an overview of the Medicare program including eligibility, covered services, cost-sharing requirements, and program financing.

Western Kentucky University College Of Health And Human Services (Chhs) Strategic Plan 2016-2020, Wku College Of Health & Human Services

College of Health & Human Services Publications

No abstract provided.

Realizing Improved Patient Care Through Human-Centered Design In The Operating Room, Volume 2, Clemson Center For Health Facilities Design & Testing

Center for Health Facilities Design and Testing

This 4-year grant from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality supports the development of a learning lab focused on designing a safer, more ergonomic operating room. Sponsor: Agency for Healthcare Research Quality Project period: 9/1/15 to 8/31/19 Project Description: The overarching goal of the learning lab titled, “Realizing Improved Patient Care through Human-Centered Design in the Operating Room (RIPCHD.OR) is to develop an evidence-based framework and methodology for the design and operation of operating rooms such that it impacts improved perioperative outcomes including surgical site infections, surgical errors and staff injuries.

Chapter 5: Health Resources, Carol L. Watwood

DLPS Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.