Community Health and Preventive Medicine Commons^™

Overview Smoking Behavior And Quality Of Life Of Sports Department Students, Faculty Of Sports Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Windi Chusniah Rachmawati, Suci Puspita Ratih, Dian Mawarni, Aulia Rizqia Az Zahra, Chabibah Ilmiyah, Fatiya Rizka Putri, Nurmila Kurnia, Raden Roro Jasmine Zhafirah Pribadi, Zahra Rizki Novitasari

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

According to the results of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) in 2021, there has been a considerable increase in the number of adult smokers over the past ten years, rising from 60.3 million in 2011 to 69.1 million in 2021, an increase of 8.8 million individuals. This study aims to compare the quality of life between actively smoking students and those who are exposed to passive smoking, examining their physical, psychological, social, and environmental health effects. The study utilized a sample of 100 respondents who completed a questionnaire on cigarette use and the WHOQOL quality of life assessment, covering …

The Effectivity Of Nutrition Education Using E-Booklet On Knowledge And Attitude About Anemia Among Adolescent Girls In Turen Malang, Farah Paramita, Windi Chusniah Rachmawati, Rany Ekawati, Haura Salwa Aulia Pherenis, Selsa Tri Septiani, Meisya Awaliahmunazila

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

One of the nutritional problems of adolescent female in Southeast Asia is iron deficiency anemia, with an estimated 25-40 percent of adolescent female experiencing mild to severe anemia. The impact of this on teenagers is a decline in academic abilities at school due to a lack of enthusiasm for learning and concentration on learning. This research aims to determine the effect of e-booklet anemia prevention media on young women at SMAN 1 Turen. This research uses an experimental method, namely a pre-experimental design with a one group pretest-posttest approach. The subjects of this research were 50 female students. The results …

Empowering Nonmedical Personnel To Detect Scabies In Endemic Area Using Deskab Instrument: A Diagnostic Study, Sandra Widaty, Aria Kekalih, Dewi Friska, Kusmarinah Bramono, Siti Maulidya Sari, Irene Darmawan, Yufanti Sujudi, David Dwiadiputra Hartanto, Emiliana Kartika, Nikken Rima Oktavia

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Scabies has been added to World Health Organization (WHO) list of neglected tropical disease in 2017. Various methods have been developed to control scabies in highly prevalent communities. In this study we conducted a diagnostic study to evaluate the performance of scabies detection by trained nonmedical personnel (NMP) using Deteksi Skabies (Deskab) instrument which has been validated for NMP.
Methods: Eight NMPs in a boarding school were trained to detect scabies using DeSkab instrument. The NMPs diagnosis were compared to diagnosis of 10 medical doctors. The study was conducted in a religion-affiliated boarding school in West Java, Indonesia. Both …

Getting Precise About Gender And Sex Measurement: A Primer For Epidemiologists, Arjee J. Restar, Elle Lett, Neia Prata Menezes, Andrea R. Molino, Tonia C. Poteat, Lorraine Dean, Jennifer L. Glick, Kellan E. Baker, S Wilson Cole

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Accurately measuring gender and sex is crucial in public health and epidemiology. Iteratively reexamining how variables-including gender and sex-are conceptualized and operationalized is necessary to achieve impactful research. Reexamining gender and sex advances epidemiology toward its goals of health promotion and disease elimination. While we cannot reduce the complexities of sex and gender to simply an issue of measurement, striving to capture these concepts and experiences accurately must be an ongoing dialogue and practice-to the benefit of the field and population health. We assert that epidemiology must counteract misconceptions and accurately measure gender and sex in epidemiology. We aim to …

Burnout And Health Scores Among Residency Programs As An Indicator Of Wellness, Hannah Manzi, Jon Halling, Nayda Parisio Poldiak, Suzanne Perkins

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background

With long hours, significant responsibilities, and a heavy workload, residency can be an incredibly stressful experience. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of residency on mental health and wellness. A secondary aim was to determine if the post-graduate year (PGY) of the different residents impacted their mental health or ability to cope with the stressors of residency.

Methods

Residents in anesthesiology, family medicine, internal medicine, and surgery were invited to complete a survey. The first portion of the survey had residents rank their mental health on a scale from 1 to 5. There was also …

Lifestyle Medicine For The Health Care Worker, Workplace, And Community Well-Being: A Butterfly Effect, Karina Doucet, Nicholas D'Angelo

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Burnout is a prevalent and expensive problem in the US, and the National Plan For Health Workforce Well-Being included a goal to institutionalize well-being as a long-term value. Lifestyle Medicine (LM), an evidence-based practice using behavioral interventions to treat, prevent, and reverse certain chronic conditions, can achieve this goal. Implementing small changes in the workplace that support lifestyle medicine has a butterfly effect on both workplace and community well-being. Furthermore, the health of health care workers (HCWs) and patients improves, and health care costs decrease. This can be done with LM wellness programs or LM training for HCWs. LM wellness …

Pbpa Creating Pathways To Ensure Patients Are Using Their Inhaled Medications Effectively, Suzan Michelle Collins, Heather Blake, Chandler Blodgett, Sue Vermette, Martine Eon

Operations Transformation

Problem: Patients do not consistently know how to prepare, use and/or clean their inhalers effectively.

Impact: When patients do not consistently know how to prepare, use and/or clean their inhalers effectively they are in fact, not receiving the benefit from their prescribed medication.

They experience poor patient outcomes and overall poor patient experience.

• Increased calls to provider offices for unresolved, worsening symptoms and/or complications. (Thrush, hoarseness, cardiac symptoms etc.)
• Increased same day office visits.
• Patient crowding in Urgent Care and/or Emergency Department.
• Hospital Admissions.
• Increase in emotional and financial stress from missing school and/or work.
• Increase in referrals to specialists …

A Comparison Of Menstrual Health And Well-Being Among Adolescent Girls In Urban And Rural Areas Of The Belegavi District: A Crossectional Study, Arati Mahishale, Nagma Khan

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Background: Due to their relationship with several health hazards, menstrual hygiene management (MHM) and awareness are major public health concerns in both urban and rural settings. This study examined the awareness of MHM among adolescent girls in Belagavi and assessed their knowledge and understanding of menstruation and related taboos.

Methods: In the Belagavi District of Karnataka, India, a cross-sectional, community-based observational study was carried out. About 380 (as 8 were excluded) menstruating adolescent girls between the ages of 12 and 18 who attended different convent and government schools were included in the study. IBM SPSS version 20 was used to …

Development Of An Educational Brochure About Treatment Options For Pregnant Women With Opioid Use Disorders, Ruth Jeminiwa, Sohyeon Park, Caroline Popielaski, Meghan Gannon, Ronald Myers, Diane J. Abatemarco

College of Pharmacy Faculty Papers

The goal of this study was to describe the development of an educational brochure for pregnant women with opioid use disorders (OUDs) about treatment options. Based on findings from a preliminary review of the literature, we drafted a brochure that addressed the following questions: (1) What are your options (Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) versus no treatment)? (2) What are the benefits of MAT? (3) What are the risks of MAT? (4) Can I take buprenorphine or methadone while breastfeeding? (5) Which medication should I choose? Clinicians and doulas (n = 19) who provide care to pregnant women with OUDs were recruited. …

Adolescent Obesogenic Behaviors: The Influence Of Race/Ethnicity, Generation Status, Acculturation, And Tme Lived Outside The United States, Tien D. Vo, Alisha H. Redelfs, Mackay Graper, Lori A. Spruance

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

Children living with obesity are at higher risk for chronic disease. Dietary behaviors, sedentary time, and physical activity contribute to the risk of developing obesity. The purpose of this research was to identify associations between acculturation and race/ethnicity influences on obesogenic behaviors in middle school students. A national convenience sample of diverse U.S. children (11–14) was recruited to participate in an online survey (N = 615). Dietary behaviors, including fruit and vegetable consumption (F/V) and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption (SSB), as well as screen time and physical activity, were quantified. Multivariable regression models (linear and logistic) were built. We analyzed …

What Do Extension And Public Health Educators Need To Address Substance Misuse?, Lisa Washburn, Karen Franck

Journal of Extension

Limited organizational capacity has hindered Extension’s ability to address substance misuse in communities. To inform capacity-building efforts, we obtained Extension educator and health educator feedback on opportunities, challenges and resource needs using the Delphi technique. Opportunities included collaboration and partnerships with local entities. Stigma, inadequate resources, and limited knowledge and skills of educators were challenges. Top resource needs were updated youth curricula, funding, and clear guidance on what educators can do and what should be referred externally. Findings provide insights to educator perceptions and suggest additional training and resources needed to implement evidence-based approaches to address substance misuse.

Identifying Overdose Risk Factors For People Hospitalized With Injection Drug Use-Associated Infections In Maine, Melanie Mait, Kim Murray, Tania D. Strout, Kinna Thakarar

Journal of Maine Medical Center

Introduction: The overdose crisis continues to be a significant problem, particularly in rural states such as Maine. The objectives of this study were to: 1) describe demographic and health characteristics and 2) identify overdose risk factors among people in Maine hospitalized with injection drug use (IDU)-associated infections.

Methods: We performed descriptive analysis of demographics, health characteristics, and injection practices, stratified by lifetime history of overdose. We conducted an exploratory logistic regression analysis, controlling for gender, homelessness, having experienced an emergency department (ED) visit in the past 3-months, and endorsement of injecting alone in the past 30 days to examine …

Prevalence And Relevant Factors Of Nocturia And Its Impact On Sleep Quality In Chinese University Students, Yakai Liu, Zhenwei Zhang, Huijie Hu, Xiangfei He, Pengchao Xu, Qifeng Dou, Cuiping Song, Huiqing Zhang, Israel Franco, Konstantinos Kamperis, Søren Rittig, Jianguo Wen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and relevant factors of nocturia and its impact on sleep quality in university students in Mainland China. A large-scale survey was conducted on 14,000 university students from 3 universities in Henan province, China by using an anonymous questionnaire. The questionnaire collected the information from the past six months. The relationships between the prevalence of nocturia and its relevant factors were evaluated. A total of 13,874 questionnaires were collected and 13,104 qualified for statistical analysis. A total of 659 students suffered from clinically relevant nocturia (CRN) (4.56% in male and 5.34% …

Biofeedback Gaming For Substance Use Disorder, Rebecca L. Chevrel

University Honors Theses

Substance Use Disorder (SUD) and stress are often predictive of one another, bidirectionally causal, and mutually intensifying. This thesis describes the bi-directional connection between physiological stress-modulating systems and Substance Use Disorder, and explores some emerging biofeedback stress-reduction gaming technology as a potential adjunct to recovery treatments. Improving autonomic balance, often described by Heart Rate Variability, has been shown to be beneficial for physical and psychological recovery, as well as improving self-control. For this reason, regular biofeedback for stress relief could be helpful in augmenting SUD treatment and preventing relapse. This exploration found that presenting it through a gaming lens may …

Strategies To Recruit, Retain, And Disseminate Findings To Older Adults In Health Research: A Literature Review, Sydney Giancola, Russell Estreicher, Merna Mina

Bridges: An Undergraduate Journal of Contemporary Connections

This paper outlines various strategies to recruit, retain and disseminate information to older adults in health research. There is a limited scope on the best ways to engage with older adults, maintain their interest over time, and share their results post-data collection. This literature review aims to fill this gap and discuss various methods to increase the engagement of the older adult population in health research.

Seroprevalence Of Anti-Sars-Cov-2 Igg Antibodies In Healthcare Personnel In El Salvador Prior To Vaccination Campaigns, José Elías Aguilar Ramírez, Adrianna Maliga, Allison Stewart, Allison Lino, José Eduardo Oliva, Xochitl Sandoval, Emily Zielinski-Gutierrez, Rafael Chacon-Fuentes, Parminder S Suchdev, Susana Zelaya, Mario Sánchez, Delmy Lisseth Recinos, Beatriz López, Ella Hawes, Julie Liu, Shannon E Ronca, Sarah M Gunter, Kristy O Murray, Rhina Domínguez

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is a highly pathogenic emerging infectious disease. Healthcare personnel (HCP) are presumably at higher risk of acquiring emerging infections because of occupational exposure. The prevalence of COVID-19 in HCP is unknown, particularly in low- to middle-income countries like El Salvador. The goal of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among HCP in El Salvador just prior to vaccine rollout in March 2021. We evaluated 2176 participants from a nationally representative sample of national healthcare institutions. We found 40.4% (n = 880) of the study participants were seropositive for anti-spike …

Not Only How Much But How: The Importance Of Diversifying Funding Streams In A Reimagined Public Health System, J. Mac Mccullough, Umesh Ghimire, Jason M. Orr, Sezan O. Onal, Ashley Edmiston, Krishna Patel, Timothy C. Mccall, Jonathon P. Leider

Public and Population Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Revenue diversification may be a synergistic strategy for transforming public health, yet few national or trend data are available. This study quantified and identified patterns in revenue diversification in public health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used National Association of County and City Health Officials’ National Profile of Local Health Departments study data for 2013, 2016, 2019, and 2022 to calculate a yearly diversification index for local health departments. Respondents’ revenue portfolios changed fairly little between 2016 and 2022. Compared with less-diversified local health departments, well-diversified departments reported a balanced portfolio with local, state, federal, and clinical sources …

One Health In The Philippines: A Review And Situational Analysis, Lystra Zyrill A. Dayapera, Jenica Clarisse Y. Sy, Sary Valenzuela, Samantha Julia L. Eala, Ciara Maria Ines P. Del Rosario, Karen Nicole C. Buensuceso, Adrian S. Dy, Danielle A. Morales, Anna Giselle Gibson, Geminn Louis C. Apostol

Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health Publications

The Philippines faces a complex and interconnected web of human, animal, and environmental health issues, including zoonotic and reverse zoonotic diseases, antimicrobial resistance, food insecurity and contamination, and threats from environmental degradation. This paper examines these issues, existing interventions, and their implementation challenges. The overall framework used to analyze the level of operationalization of the One Health approach is the Multi-sectoral One Health Coordination Framework developed by the World Health Organization, Food and Agriculture Organization, and the World Organization for Animal Health. A two-step process was conducted: literature review, followed by consultations with government and non-government stakeholders across national, subnational, …

Strengthening U.S. Jail Systems’ Response To Infectious Diseases: An Evaluation Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, Erinn Bacchus

Dissertations and Theses

Jails across the United States were struck with increased infections and deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic. Studies have shown the structural make up of jails, lack of preparedness plans, and overcrowding contributed to health risks and poor health outcomes both inside jails and local communities. Yet little research has been dedicated to strengthening jail responses to infectious disease outbreaks spanning prevention measures, data collection, and reentry planning. Gaps include information on the (1) myriad infectious disease mitigation strategies used in jails and adherence to CDC prevention guidelines, (2) development of a standardized epidemiologic surveillance system, and (3) experiences working at …

The Relationship Between Healthcare Access And Change In Health-Related Quality-Of-Life Among The General Population Of Five Countries During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Nadja Alexandrov, Emily Stella Scott, Mathieu F. Janssen, Erica I. Lubetkin, John N. Yfantopoulos, Gouke J. Bonsel, Juanita A. Haagsma

Publications and Research

Purpose To determine whether (1) healthcare access at onset of the pandemic and (2) age, gender, socioeconomic status (SES), and pre-existing health status were associated with change in health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study includes a general population sample of five countries.

Methods An online questionnaire was administered to respondents from Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, the UK, and the US at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic between April 22nd and May 5th of 2020, and 1 year later between May 23rd and June 29th of 2021. The questionnaire included questions on demographic background, health status, and …