Community Health and Preventive Medicine Commons^™

Heat Vs. Health: Wood Smoke In Vermont, Michael Cunningham, Avanti Golikeri, Ethan Leveillee, Jennifer Makrides, Hank Ng, Janet Trang, Mark Wilkinson, Heidi Hales, Razelle Hoffman-Contois, Jan Carney

Public Health Projects, 2008-present

Introduction. Given rising energy prices in recent years, wood burning stoves offer an attractive and affordable means of home heating. Unfortunately, wood smoke emissions have been linked to respiratory and cardiovascular disease and, in some cases, premature death. Recent studies have also discovered known carcinogens in wood smoke emissions.

Assessing Attitudes Towards Tobacco Advertising In Winooski, Vt, Kristopher Azevedo, Benjamin Brown, Eric Chang, Jessie Evangelista, Ian Mcdaniels, Olga Kusina, Anisha Patel, Kate Nugent, Burton Wilke, Jan Carney

Public Health Projects, 2008-present

Introduction. Smoking rates are 15% in Vermont and higher in low-income populations. Winooski, Vermont is vulnerable to high tobacco use rates given that 23.6% of Winooski residents live below the poverty line. Tobacco advertising, which has been shown to have a direct, dose-dependent association with youth tobacco use, is highly prevalent in stores in Winooski.

Addressing Health Needs Of Burlington Probation And Parole Clients, Zoe F. Agoos, Alison W. Frizell, David Y. Harari, Michael Ma, Jigar M. Patel, Jordan E. Perlman, Michael Ursiny, Herb Sinkinson, Jill K. Jemison

Public Health Projects, 2008-present

Introduction. Higher rates of recidivism have been observed in offenders with specific health risks. Criminal justice literature identifies probation/parole as an ideal time to im-plement health interventions to reduce recidivism, but significant barriers exist

Hospital Tax-Exempt Policy: A Comparison Of Schedule H And State Community Benefit Reporting Systems, Sara Rosenbaum, Maureen Byrnes, Amber M. Rieke

Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) revises federal tax exemption standards for nonprofit hospitals by clarifying and augmenting their community benefit obligations. The ACA amendments followed the 2009 launch of Schedule H – the form on which hospital community benefit, financial, and institutional activities are reported and which must be appended to each facility’s annual Form 990 nonprofit institution information return. Schedule H effectively creates a nationwide, standardized, facility-specific, transparent, and fully publicly accessible reporting system covering the nation’s more than 2,900 nonprofit hospitals. Schedule H delineates financial assistance and bad debt, and requires identification of community health …

Family Caregivers: The Primary Providers Of Assistance To People With Functional Limitations And Chronic Impairments, Carol O'Shaughnessy

National Health Policy Forum

An extensive body of research conducted over the past several decades has documented that family or other unpaid caregivers provide the majority of care to people who need assistance because of functional limitations or multiple and complex chronic conditions. Families play a central role not only in assisting impaired family members with personal care needs, but also in helping them coordinate health care and supportive services, and, increasingly, providing and/or supervising home-based medical care. This paper presents background information on family caregiving, briefly describes federal programs that provide direct assistance to caregivers, and discusses possible future policy and practice directions.

Publications On Chronic Disease In Coal Dependent Communities In Central Appalachia, Susan Meacham, Phd, Suporn Sukpraput, Phd, Thomas Taber Oms I, Diana Metzger

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

CONTEXT:

Agency and nonprofit reports have traditionally been the source of health information in Appalachia. Recently, publications have appeared in the literature associating coal mining, specifically mountain top mining, with numerous chronic health conditions spurring debate among environmental and industry interest groups. Publication quantity and quality were objectively assessed. This article reports on a literature review and analysis of publications on chronic disease in coal dependent communities in Appalachia.

OBJECTIVE:

To conduct a review and analysis of original, peer reviewed research publications on chronic health conditions in communities dependent on coal mining with a focus on central Appalachia and report …

2012 Southern Nevada Existing Conditions Report, Southern Nevada Regional Planning Coaltion, Lincy Institute, Unlv Urban Sustainability Initiative, Unlv School Of Community Health Sciences, Jennifer Pharr Phd, Courtney Coughenour

Lincy Institute Reports and Briefs

No abstract provided.

The Community Living Assistance Services And Supports (Class) Act: Major Legislative Provisions, Carol O'Shaughnessy

National Health Policy Forum

Update (January 3, 2013) — In 2010, Congress enacted the Community Living Assistance Services and Supports (CLASS) Act as part of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (P.L. 111-148). The CLASS Act was repealed as part of the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 signed by the President on January 2, 2013.

During 2011 the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) conducted an analysis of possible CLASS implementation options consistent with the statutory requirements that the program be actuarially solvent over a 75-year period and self-funded. After a 19-month period of analysis, HHS officials stated in testimony before …

Church-Based Health Care Initiatives In East Baltimore, Maryland, Valerie Warner-Collins

2010-2016 Archived Posters

A qualitative case study that investigated the perceptions of clergy regarding their roles, and those of the church, in health care advocacy. Questions emanating from the research literature were piloted to 4 expert jurors before distribution to 17 main participants. The results indicated that barriers to health care access was predicated on clerical perceptions of the role of the church, severed relationships between collaborators, and several faulty and systemic factors of prior partnerships.

Childhood Obesity And School Food Choices: Should The Government Intervene?, Elizabeth Acuna

Writing Across the Curriculum

Obesity rates in the United States are alarming, with more than one-third of U.S. adults and 17% of children qualifying as obese with a Body Mass Index greater than 30.0 (Centers for Disease Control (CDC), 2011).

In light of such a large national health burden, promotion of community health must include collaboration with political agencies to enact change.

The American Public’S Perception Of Illegal Steroid Use: A National Survey, 2013, Gary Siperstein, Neil Romano, Gizem Iskenderoglu, Anthony Roman, Floyd J. Fowler Jr., Max Drascher

Center for Social Development and Education Publications

Through the surge of news about doping scandals in the media, it is expected that the public is aware of the magnitude of the problem among professional athletes; however, it is uncertain whether the public is aware that the problem often starts when athletes are younger. To this end, the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, the Taylor Hooton Foundation, and the Professional Baseball Athletic Trainers Society partnered with the Center for Social Development and Education and the Center for Survey Research at the University of Massachusetts Boston to conduct the most comprehensive national opinion survey to date to …

2013 Community Benefit Summary, Children's Mercy Hospital

Community Benefits

Fiscal year report on the community benefits provided by Children's Mercy Kansas City to the communities in the Kansas City region.

Treatment-As-Prevention In Aids Control: Why Communication Still Matters, Rupali J. Limaye, Jeffrey Bingenheimer, Rajiv N. Rimal, Susan Krenn, Claudia Vondrasek

Prevention and Community Health Faculty Publications

Treatment-as-prevention is a term used to describe an HIV prevention method that uses antiretroviral treatment to minimize the chance of HIV transmission, with the idea that treatment can decrease the viral load of those infected to a level where transmission risk is minimal. However, for treatment-as-prevention to be a success, individuals must get tested, know their status, seek care, and adhere to their antiretroviral regimen. Communication plays a role in each of these steps, as communication can be used to create demand for health-seeking behavior and as a means to increase quality and support on the supply side, at the …

Provider Imposed Restrictions To Clients' Access To Family Planning In Urban Uttar Pradesh, India: A Mixed Methods Study, Lisa S. Calhoun, Ilene S. Speizer, Rajiv N. Rimal, Pooja Sripad, Nilesh Chatterjee, Pranita Achyut, Priya Nanda

Prevention and Community Health Faculty Publications

Background

Medical barriers refer to unnecessary policies or procedures imposed by health care providers that are not necessarily medically advised; these restrictions impede clients' access to family planning (FP). This mixed methods study investigates provider imposed barriers to provision of FP using recent quantitative and qualitative data from urban Uttar Pradesh, India.

Methods

Baseline quantitative data were collected in six cities in Uttar Pradesh, India from service delivery points (SDP), using facility audits, exit interviews, and provider surveys; for this study, the focus is on the provider surveys. More than 250 providers were surveyed in each city. Providers were asked …

Getting To The Root Of The Problem: Health Promotion Strategies To Address The Social Determinants Of Health, Dana Gore, Anita Kothari

Anita Kothari

Although extensive research shows that the social determinants of health influence the distribution and course of chronic diseases, there is little programming in public health that addresses the social determinants as a disease prevention strategy. This paper discusses different types of health promotion initiatives and differentiates them based on whether they attempt to impact intermediate (environmental) determinants of health or structural determinants of health. We argue for the importance of programming targeted at the structural determinants as opposed to programming targeted solely at the immediate environment. Specifically, the former has more potential to create significant improvements in health, contribute to …

Differences In Demographic, Behavioral, And Biological Variables Between Those With Valid And Invalid Accelerometry Data: Implications For Generalizability, Paul D. Loprinzi, Bradley J. Cardinal, Carlos J. Crespo, Gary R. Brodowicz, Ross E. Andersen, Ellen Smit

Community Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: The exclusion of participants with invalid accelerometry data (IAD) may lead to biased results and/or lack of generalizability in large population studies. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether demographic, behavioral, and biological differences occur between those with IAD and valid accelerometry data (VAD) among adults using a representative sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized U.S. population. Methods: Ambulatory participants from NHANES (2003-2004) who were 20-85 years of age were included in the current study and wore an ActiGraph 7164 accelerometer for 7 days. A "valid person" was defined as those with 4 or more days of at …

Proyecto Interconexiones: A Pilot Test Of A Community-Based Depression Care Program For Latina Violence Survivors, Christina Nicolaidis, Angie Mejia, Marlen Perez, Anabertha Alvarado, Rosemary Celaya-Alston, Yolanda Quintero, Raquel Aguillon

Chicano/Latino Studies Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Latina intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors often face great barriers to depression care. We sought to use a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach to create and evaluate a community-based depression care program for Latina IPV survivors.

Methods: We created a multifaceted, culturally tailored intervention, based on principles of chronic illness management. A promotora provided case management services and led 12 weekly group sessions. Participants completed surveys at baseline and 6 months and participated in open-ended exit interviews.

Results: Ten Spanish-speaking Latina women participated in the intervention. The program had excellent attendance, with 100% of women attending …

Development And Assessment Of Traditional And Innovative Media To Reduce Individual Hiv/Aids-Related Stigma Attitudes And Beliefs In India, Caricia Catalani, Diego Castaneda, Freya Spielberg

Prevention and Community Health Faculty Publications

Although stigma is considered a major barrier to effective response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic, there is a lack of evidence on effective interventions. This media intervention took place among key HIV-vulnerable communities in Southern India. Two HIV stigma videos were created using techniques from traditional film production and new media digital storytelling. A series of 16 focus group discussions were held in 4 rural and 4 urban sites in South India, with specific groups for sex workers, men who have sex with men, young married women, and others. Focus groups with viewers of the traditional film (8 focus groups, 80 …

Enhancing Communication Between Scientists, Government Officials, And The Lay Public: Advancing Science And Protecting The Public's Welfare Through Better Multi-Stakeholder Interfacing, Clark J. Lee, Patrick P. Rose, Earl Stoddard Iii

Homeland Security Publications

No abstract provided.

Ua12/4 Stall Street Journal, Vol. 5, Wku Health Services

WKU Archives Records

Broadsides developed by WKU Health Services to convey public health information in students in bathroom stalls. Incomplete run.