Community Health and Preventive Medicine Commons^™

Community Health News, Georgia Southern University

Health Policy & Community Health: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern shows dangerous disconnect between doctors and parents of overweight children

Community Health News, Georgia Southern University

Health Policy & Community Health: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern Alum Selected as Commencement Speaker

Elimination Of Taenia Solium Transmission In Northern Peru, Hector H. Garcia, Armando E. Gonzalez, Victor C.W. Tsang, Seth E. O'Neal, Fernando Llanos‑Zavalaga, Guillermo Gonzalvez, Jaime Romero, Silvia Rodriguez, Luz M. Moyano, Viterbo Ayvar, Andre Diaz, Allen Hightower, Philip S. Craig, Marshall W. Lightowlers, Charles G. Gauci, Elli Leontsini, Robert H. Gilman

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Taeniasis and cysticercosis are major causes of seizures and epilepsy. Infection by the causative parasite Taenia solium requires transmission between humans and pigs. The disease is considered to be eradicable, but data on attempts at regional elimination are lacking. We conducted a three-phase control program in Tumbes, Peru, to determine whether regional elimination would be feasible.

Methods: We systematically tested and compared elimination strategies to show the feasibility of interrupting the transmission of T. solium infection in a region of highly endemic disease in Peru. In phase 1, we assessed the effectiveness and feasibility of six intervention …

Food-Related Practices And Beliefs Of Rural Us Elementary And Middle School Teachers, Nancy Findholt, Betty T. Izumi, Jackilen Shannon, Thuan Nguyen

Community Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

INTRODUCTION:

Childhood obesity disproportionately affects rural populations; therefore, promoting healthy eating among rural children is essential. Teachers are important role models for children and can influence children's eating behaviors through their own behaviors and beliefs about food. This study examined the food-related practices and beliefs of rural elementary and middle school teachers.

METHODS:

Data were used from the SNACZ study, a school- and community-based trial conducted in rural Oregon. Kindergarten through eighth-grade teachers (n=87), teaching students usually aged 5-14 years, from eight rural school districts completed a baseline survey in November 2012 concerning their classroom food practices, eating behaviors at …

Responsible Consumption Of Gambling: Results From A Survey Of Experts, Nerilee Hing, Alex M.T. Russell

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

Consumers are now advised to “gamble responsibly” and to adopt a range of responsible gambling (RG) consumption strategies, such as setting time and expenditure limits, taking frequent breaks, and balancing gambling with other activities. However, it is unclear whether RG consumption strategies are aimed at non-problem and low-risk gamblers as a harm prevention strategy, higher-risk gamblers as a harm minimization strategy, or problem gamblers as a means to address their gambling problem. Indeed, conceptual developments in RG consumption are in their infancy and agreed definitions, principles, goals and behaviors are lacking.

This paper presents findings from an expert survey conducted …

Childhood Health Status And Adulthood Cardiovascular Disease Morbidity In Rural China: Are They Related?, Qing Wang, Jay Shen

School of Public Health Faculty Research

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the top health problems of the Chinese population. Although mounting evidence suggests that early childhood health status has an enduring effect on late life chronic morbidity, no study so far has analyzed the issue in China. Using nationally representative data from the 2013 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), a Probit model and Two-Stage Residual Inclusion estimation estimator were applied to analyze the relationship between childhood health status and adulthood cardiovascular disease in rural China. Good childhood health was associated with reduced risk of adult CVDs. Given the long-term effects of childhood health on …

Ethnicity Matters: Implications For Understanding And Acting Upon Disparities In Health Affecting Black Men In The United States, Helen V. S. Cole

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Compared to non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks have higher rates of mortality from heart disease, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and HIV/AIDS. Black men have a life expectancy approximately 4.7 years than the life expectancy of non-Hispanic white men, due in part to higher prevalence of chronic disease among black men. Many factors are hypothesized to contribute to disparities in health between races, including differences in socioeconomic status; culturally-linked behaviors such as diet, substance use, and physical activity; access to quality healthcare and other resources; and experiences of racism, both institutional and interpersonal. However, in public health research, race is usually treated as …

Chhs June 2016 Icymi, Dr. John Bonaguro, Vashon S. Wells, Editor, Wku College Of Health & Human Services

College of Health & Human Services Publications

No abstract provided.

Putting Prep Into Practice: Lessons Learned From Early-Adopting U.S. Providers' Firsthand Experiences Providing Hiv Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis And Associated Care, S. K. Calabrese, Manya Magnus, K. H. Mayer, D. S. Krakower, A. I. Eldahan, L. A. Gaston Hawkins, +5 Additional Authors

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

Optimizing access to HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), an evidence-based HIV prevention resource, requires expanding healthcare providers' adoption of PrEP into clinical practice. This qualitative study explored PrEP providers' firsthand experiences relative to six commonly-cited barriers to prescription-financial coverage, implementation logistics, eligibility determination, adherence concerns, side effects, and anticipated behavior change (risk compensation)-as well as their recommendations for training PrEP-inexperienced providers. U.S.-based PrEP providers were recruited via direct outreach and referral from colleagues and other participants (2014-2015). One-on-one interviews were conducted in person or by phone, transcribed, and analyzed. The sample (n = 18) primarily practiced in the Northeastern (67%) or …

Calcium Phosphate As A Key Material For Socially Responsible Tissue Engineering, Vuk Uskoković, Victoria M. Wu

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Socially responsible technologies are designed while taking into consideration the socioeconomic, geopolitical and environmental limitations of regions in which they will be implemented. In the medical context, this involves making therapeutic platforms more accessible and affordable to patients in poor regions of the world wherein a given disease is endemic. This often necessitates going against the reigning trend of making therapeutic nanoparticles ever more structurally complex and expensive. However, studies aimed at simplifying materials and formulations while maintaining the functionality and therapeutic response of their more complex counterparts seldom provoke a significant interest in the scientific community. In this review …

North Douglas County Community Needs Health Assessment (Phase 1), Callie H. Lambarth, Diane Reid, Beth L. Green

Early Childhood

Beginning in February 2016, the North Douglas County (NDC) communities of Drain, Elkton, and Yoncalla, Oregon engaged in a Community Health Needs Assessment (CHNA) planning process, focusing on children ages birth-to-8 and their families. The purpose of this process was to explore, understand, and integrate linkages between early learning and young child and family health; identify health-related resources currently available and accessible to NDC families; and prioritize health areas of interest to be explored during the CHNA.

The North Douglas County CHNA builds on community partnerships already established in the region through initiatives that aim to coordinate and align early …

A Randomized Controlled Trial Of A Faith-Placed, Lay Health Advisor Delivered Smoking Cessation Intervention For Rural Residents, Nancy E. Schoenberg, Christina R. Studts, Brent J. Shelton, Meng Liu, Richard Clayton, Jordan Baeker Bispo, Nell Fields, Mark Dignan, Thomas Cooper

Behavioral Science Faculty Publications

Introduction. Rural US residents smoke at higher rates than urban or suburban residents. We report results from a community-based smoking cessation intervention in Appalachian Kentucky.

Study design. Single-blind, group-randomized trial with outcome measurements at baseline, 17 weeks and 43 weeks.

Setting/participants. This faith-placed CBPR project was located in six counties of rural Appalachian Kentucky. A total of 590 individual participants clustered in 28 churches were enrolled in the study.

Intervention. Local lay health advisors delivered the 12-week Cooper/Clayton Method to Stop Smoking program, leveraging sociocultural factors to improve the cultural salience of the program for Appalachian smokers. Participants met with …

The Expert Advice: Dental Patient Compliance Hinges On Effective Communication Strategies, Diana V. Macri

Publications and Research

Most dental hygienists would agree that motivating patients to adopt good oral health behaviors-often referred to as compliance-is the most challenging aspect of practice. This critical component of patient care is not unique to dentistry and dental hygiene. In 2010, the costs of health care in the United States exceeded $2.7 trillion with "between $100 and $300 billion of avoidable health-care costs [attributable] to nonadherence in the US annually."1 Nonadherence (a term used in the medical literature, which is synonymous with noncompliance) is associated with progression of disease and, subsequently, poor health outcomes resulting in an additional burden of billions …

Are Rural Older Adults Benefitting From Increased State Spending On Medicaid Home And Community-Based Services?, Andrew F. Coburn Phd, Eileen Griffin Jd, Deborah Thayer Mba, Zachariah T. Croll Mph, Erika C. Ziller Phd

Long Term Services and Supports

In a shift away from institutional long term services and supports (LTSS), the federal government and states have pursued an array of strategies for expanding access to home and community-based services (HCBS) over the past few decades. Yet, little is known about variations in the availability or use of Medicaid HCBS within states, across rural and urban areas. This study used the national Medicaid Analytical Extract claims data file (2008) to examine differences in HCBS use and expenditures among rural and urban older adult Medicaid beneficiaries receiving LTSS. The study found that rural Medicaid LTSS users were less likely to …

Prep Advocacy Project: Increasing The Adoption Of Pre-­Exposure Prophylaxis (Prep) In San Luis Obispo County, Leona Rajaee

Journalism

The following study investigates the need for Pre­exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) in San Luis Obispo (SLO) County in order to develop an effective health outreach and advocacy program that could increase the adoption of PrEP treatment and in turn decrease new HIV transmissions in the community studied. The sponsor of this study is the Access Support Network (ASN), a non­profit organization that provides supportive services for individuals living with HIV/AIDS. ASN launched this study after observing the effectiveness of PrEP in metropolitan cities. At the same time, ASN also noticed a rise in new HIV transmissions, particularly among injecting drug users …

Community Health News, Georgia Southern University

Health Policy & Community Health: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern Participates in Pilot Curriculum

Human Papillomavirus Infection In Rwanda At The Moment Of Implementation Of A National Hpv Vaccination Programme, Fidele Ngabo, Silvia Franceschi, Iacopo Baussano, M. Chantal Umulisa, Peter Snijders, Anne Uyterlinde, Fulvio Lazzarato, Vanessa Tenet, Maurice Gatera, Agnes Binagwaho, Gary Clifford

Dartmouth Scholarship

Cervical cancer is the most common female cancer in Rwanda that, in 2011, became the first African country to implement a national vaccination programme against human papillomavirus (HPV). To provide a robust baseline for future evaluations of vaccine effectiveness, cervical cell specimens were obtained from 2508 women aged 18–69 years from the general population in Kigali, Rwanda, during 2013/14. 20 % of women were HIV-positive. Samples were used for liquid-based cytology and HPV testing (44 types) with GP5+/6+ PC.

A Structured Telephonic Transition Program For Heart Failure Patients, Julia E. Robinson

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Manuscripts

HF is a fatal condition affecting more than 5 million Americans leading to frequent hospitalizations, poor quality of life and death. The annual cost to the healthcare system is approximately $38 billion, ranking HF as one of the costliest conditions to manage. Significant evidence exists that HF self-care management programs improve patient self-care and decrease HF-related readmissions. Current guidelines recommend health professionals provide comprehensive HF education focused on knowledge, skills of management, and self-care behaviors.

The Iowa Model of Evidence Based Practice provided the foundation for the practice change. Structured telephonic support (STS) was based on Bandura’s Self- Efficacy behavior …

Asthma Control Screening Using The Electronic Health Record, Accursia A. Baldassano, Jonathon Mack

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Manuscripts

ABSTRACT

Experts in asthma care globally recommend screening for asthma control in all patients with asthma through the use of an evidence-based tool. This project embedded the Asthma Control Test (ACT) in the electronic health record to determine if screening for control would change compared to standard care.

Methods

An electronic template of the ACT was embedded in the electronic health record system for a community faith-based family medicine clinic. All patients 12 years and older with a previous diagnosis of asthma were included in this project. These patients were screened for asthma control using the template at every appointment. …

Pre Diabetes Screening In Primary Care, Christine Rieger

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Manuscripts

The purpose of this evidence based practice (EBP) project was to evaluate an electronic medical record (EMR) based American Diabetes Association pre diabetes screening protocol in a primary care setting. Pre diabetes is an under screened condition that can result in a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and the risk is 56% lower for those who had returned to normal glucose regulation versus those who consistently had pre diabetes. Patients with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 25 were flagged in the EMR at intake. Providers assessed for a previous HbA1C within the last year, if a HbA1c had been …