Community Health and Preventive Medicine Commons^™

Occupational Health Outcomes Among International Migrant Workers, Kristine Husøy Onarheim, Dianne Egli-Gany, Wafa Aftab

Community Health Sciences

No abstract provided.

Pharmacist Perceptions Toward Screening, Brief Intervention, And Referral To Treatment For Prescription Opioid Misuse: Initial Instrument Reliability And Validity, Tara Fouts

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Prescription opioid misuse has become a growing problem in the United States, and there has been a significant increase in the number of nonfatal overdose and overdose deaths since the 1990s. Idaho has also experienced an increase in the number of drug-induced deaths over time, increasing nearly 30% from 2012 to 2016. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention indicates overprescribing and dispensing of prescription opioids is a main driver to the increase in overdoses. Evidence-based early intervention methods, such as screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT), can be utilized in health care settings to identify risky behaviors …

Using Community Pharmacy Immunization Screening Forms To Identify Potential Immunization Opportunities, Albert T. Bach, Jeffery A. Goad

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Immunization screening forms are completed for each patient that is to be vaccinated in the pharmacy. Screening forms contain demographic and health questions, which are used to determine if a patient is contraindicated to receive a vaccine. The objective is to determine if patient responses to questions on these forms can be used to identify potential vaccine indications. De-identified data was retrospectively collected from 11 community pharmacies in California and Michigan that included basic demographics, answers to immunization screening questions, and vaccine(s) administered during that visit. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommendations were used to forecast vaccine needs …

Improving Access To Mental Health Care With Nurse Practitioners, Jessica Whelan

Dissertations

Problem: Over 40% of those with mental illness are untreated since the supply of psychiatrists does not meet the demand. The psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP) may be an adjunct in providing those services. The purpose of this quality assurance study was to evaluate outcomes of care between a PMHNP and a psychiatrist (medical doctor [MD]).

Methods: An observational, descriptive design with a retrospective medical record review of adult patients over a six-month period in a suburban, Midwestern, privately owned psychiatric practice.

Results: A total of 787 individual patients encountered at least one visit (N=787) although 3,679 …

Going Behind The Scenes: Understanding And Organizing A Corporate Fitness Center, Rachael Griffith

Masters Theses/Capstone Projects

The author learns best practices and how to organize a corporate fitness center. Area companies are explored.

Service-Learning Research For Development: An Option For The Poor In Practice Through Social Analysis And Community Engagement, Thomas M. Kelly, Kate L. Nolt

Jesuit Higher Education: A Journal

A group of faculty, staff and students from Creighton University conducted a research project using a strengths-based approach to create a community health needs assessment (CNHA) in the fall of 2017. The instruments, including a survey to determine health status, a focus group questionnaire, an environmental scan and an individual interview instrument, were developed to help shift the paradigm from which many international medical missions are conducted with Creighton’s community partner in the Dominican Republic, the Centro de Educación para la Salud Integral (CESI). In the process of creating, developing, implementing, assessing and reformulating this strength-based CHNA, researchers encountered both …

The Effect Of Parent-Infant Swim Classes On Maternal Parenting Competence, Emotional Availability, And Aquatic Handling, Hope Sadowski, Chanele Molano

Showcase of Graduate Student Scholarship and Creative Activities

Low parenting competence and limited emotional availability decrease the quality of the parent-infant relationship (Young, 2011; Sturge-Apple et al., 2012). However, co-occupations, or reciprocal relationships where the occupations of two or more individuals are interactively shaping each other, have been associated with strengthening parent-infant relationships (Pierce, 2009; Price & Stephenson, 2009). Parent-infant swim classes are co-occupation based interventions that facilitate close bodily contact and teach parents handling skills that can generalize into the home. Numerous websites allude to the benefits of these classes; however, there are currently no evidence-based claims supported by the occupational therapy literature. The researchers hypothesized that …

Effect Of A 24-Week Randomized Trial Of An Organic Produce Intervention On Pyrethroid And Organophosphate Pesticide Exposure Among Pregnant Women, Cynthia L. Curl, Jessica Porter, Ian Penwell, Rachel Phinney, Marai Ospina, Antonia M. Calafat

Public and Population Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Introduction of an organic diet can significantly reduce exposure to some classes of pesticides in children and adults, but no long-term trials have been conducted. Objectives: To assess the effect of a long-term (24-week) organic produce intervention on pesticide exposure among pregnant women.

Methods: We recruited 20 women from the Idaho Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program during their first trimester of pregnancy. Eligible women were nonsmokers aged 18–35 years who reported eating exclusively conventionally grown food. We randomly assigned participants to receive weekly deliveries of either organic or conventional fruits and vegetables throughout their second or third trimesters …

Addressing Challenges To The Reliable, Large-Scale Implementation Of Effective School Health Education, Michael J. Mann, David K. Lohrmann

Public and Population Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

The long-held priority of teaching young people the knowledge and skills needed for healthy living has recently been diminished in many preK-12 schools. Driven by federal and state priorities, laws, and policies associated with high-stakes testing, instruction in untested subjects has been reduced or eliminated in most schools in order to devote more attention to tested subjects, like reading, math, writing, and science. This article proposes a pathway to ensure that all children are able to learn what society knows about health. To that end, four challenges to the reliable, large-scale implementation of effective school health education are identified: (1) …

Kangaroo Mother Care: Opportunities And Implications For Rural Pakistan, Hasan Nawaz Tahir, Zafar Fatmi

Community Health Sciences

Neonatal mortality comprises 40% of total under-5 mortality, globally. Kangaroo mother care (KMC) is one of the most cost-effective interventions to reduce neonatal mortality. KMC does not require highend equipment, intensive care facilities or technical knowledge. A recent meta-analysis reported that KMC may reduce neonatal mortality in preterm and low birth weight neonates up to 36%. A review of enablers and barriers of KMC suggests that KMC can be integrated in maternal health care system by giving awareness, involving family and giving ownership of the intervention to the community. If supported with minimal incentives it would reduce the cost of …

Community-Acquired Pneumonia Pathogenesis In Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Julio A. Ramirez, Rodrigo Cavallazzi

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Public Health Research Priorities To Address Female Genital Mutilation Or Cutting In The United States, Holly G. Atkinson, Deborah Ottenheimer, Ranit Mishori

Publications and Research

Female genital mutilation or cut- ting (FGM/C), an age-old tradition that is still widely practiced around the world, is gaining recognition as an important public health issue in the United States. Increasingly, because of migration, women and girls affected by FGM/C have become members of host communities where the practice is not culturally acceptable.

According to recent conservative estimates, more than 513 000 immigrant women and girls living in the United States have undergone or are at risk for FGM/C, a significant increase from the 1990 estimate of 168 000. The arrests of physicians in Michigan in 2017 for performing …

Time To Adopt Developmental Origins Of Health And Disease (Dohad) Science In Pakistan, Rozina Nuruddin, Akbar Shoukat Ali, Nuruddin Badruddin Mohammed

Community Health Sciences

No abstract provided.

Is There Less Opioid Abuse In States Where Marijuana Has Been Decriminalized, Either For Medicinal Or Recreational Use? A Clin-Iq, Aaron M. Wendelboe, Richard Mathew, Tana Chongsuwat, Elizabeth Rainwater, Mark A. Wendelboe, Elizabeth Wickersham Md, Ann F. Chou

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Opioid use, abuse, and associated mortality have reached an epidemic level. In some states, cannabis is being used to treat chronic pain. To examine the hypothesis that medical marijuana legislation may reduce adverse opioid-related outcomes if patients substitute cannabis for opioids for pain management, we conducted a clinical inquiry (Clin-IQ). We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid MEDLINE In-Process, and Embase for studies using the search terms marijuana, cannabis, legal, marijuana smoking, medical marijuana, opioid-related disorders, cannabis use, medical cannabis, legal aspect, and opiate addiction. We included population-based articles published from January 1, 2012, through December 5, 2018, that assessed the relationship …

I Live Alone But Don't Feel Alone: Social Isolation And Loneliness From The Patient Perspective, Julia Bedard-Thomas, Christian Gausvik, Jonathan Wessels, Saundra Regan, Keesha Goodnow, Anna Goroncy

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

A growing homebound population may be at risk for social isolation and loneliness. Health-related social needs play a contributing role in these conditions. Research shows social isolation and loneliness are drivers of health outcomes. This pilot feasibility study seeks to explore patient-centered insight into perceptions of social isolation and loneliness in a homebound population. Eight participants were recruited from a home-based primary care practice within a family medicine residency program. One 30-minute semi-structured interview was completed in participants’ homes. The interview focused on loneliness and social isolation, using the 6-item De Jong Gerveld loneliness scale. Three qualitative analysts open-coded transcriptions …

Contraceptive Use Following Unintended Pregnancy Among Ugandan Women Living With Hiv, Jana Jarolimova, Jerome Kabakyenga, Kara Bennett, Winnie R. Muyindike, Annet Kembabazi, Jeffrey N. Martin, Peter W. Hunt, Yap Boum, Jessica E. Haberer, David Bangsberg, Angela Kaida, Lynn T. Matthews

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Preventing unintended pregnancy is critical for women living with HIV (WLWH) to safely achieve their reproductive goals. Family planning services should support WLWH at risk of repeat unintended pregnancies. We examined the relationship between unintended pregnancy and subsequent contraception use among WLWH in Uganda.

Study design: This was a retrospective analysis of data from a longitudinal cohort of individuals initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART), restricted to women with pregnancy (confirmed via urine β-hcg testing) between 2011–2013. The exposure of interest was intended vs unintended pregnancy, and the outcome was self-report of modern contraceptive use (hormonal methods, intrauterine device, sterilization, and/or …

Perceptions Of Health Professionals Regarding Minimally Invasive Tissue Sampling (Mits) To Identify The Cause Of Death In Stillbirths And Neonates: Results From A Qualitative Study, Anam Shahil Feroz, Anum Shiraz Ali, Mohsina Noor Ibrahim, Elizabeth M. Mcclure, Shiyam Sunder Tikmani, Sayyeda Reza, Zahid Abbasi, Afia Zafar, Sameen Siddiqi, Sarah Saleem

Community Health Sciences

Background: Pakistan is considered to be one of the riskiest places in the world for childbirth as measured by its high stillbirth and neonatal mortality rates. Complete diagnostic autopsy remains the gold standard to determine the cause of death (CoD); however, it is not routinely implemented due to religious objections, sociocultural beliefs, limited resources and low demand from physicians and families. Recently, minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS) using needle biopsies of multiple tissues to obtain tissue for histological examination and organism identification with PCR has been developed and promoted to determine CoD in low-resource areas. To ensure successful implementation of …

The Role Of The Pharmacy Team In Atrial Fibrillation Detection In Nonclinical Settings, Brian C. Hazelrigg, Monica L. Miller, Sotiris Antoniou, Jagjot Chahal, Sadeer Fhadil

Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement

Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac/heart disease that increases a person’s risk of death, making early identification significant in overall disease management. Throughout my time in pharmacy school, I [Brian] have developed an interest in cardiology and research. During my last year of pharmacy school, I spent eight weeks at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, in London, England, one of the largest cardiac centers within Europe, on an experiential training experience. While there, I had the opportunity to study specifics about many cardiac illnesses, with a focus on atrial fibrillation, and provide education to patients living with this disease. In addition …

Population Health Management, Data And Technology, Helena Ladd, Cody Hepp, Anna Mccloud, Hannah Granger, Mary Ellen Hethcox, Samuel Calabrese

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

No abstract provided.

A Pharmacist's Guide To Vaccinations, Amy Gillman, Jessica Beck, Vincent Wu

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

No abstract provided.