Community Health and Preventive Medicine Commons^™

An Exercise Program To Prevent Frailty In Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Proposed Pilot Study, Kendra Harrington, Mikhail Beg, Laura Kelly, Jinto Mathew, Neil Ryan

Annual SHSP Student Research and Scholarship Day

No abstract provided.

Perceptions And Determinants Of Partnership Trust In The Context Of Community-Based Participatory Research, Arelis Moore De Peralta, Julie Smithwick, Myriam E. Torres

Publications

Trust is difficult to conceptualize and define because of its diverse applications in different disciplines. Historic mistrust between vulnerable communities and researchers based on past adverse experiences can negatively affect the ability to collaborate and conduct effective research with such populations. Community Based-Participatory Research (CBPR) is a collaborative approach to research that can reduce historic mistrust and health disparities among minority populations. Although how trust development occurs in CBPR partnerships has been explored, there is a need to determine how to move from one stage to the next in fostering and maintaining that trust. The present study contributes to this …

Decreasing Rates Of Obesity In Onondaga County Among Older Adults, Julianna Duca

Transformations: Research Papers

After an investigation of the health priorities in Onondaga County, research concludes that the mortality rates are generally higher when compared to New York State (New York State Department of Health, 2018). Currently, obesity and being overweight are the second leading causes of preventable deaths in the United States (New York State Department of Health, 2019e). Obesity is one chronic disease that shows higher rates in Onondaga County than New York State and the United States (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2019; New York State Department of Health, 2016b). The rate of obesity in Onondaga County is 32%, the …

Understanding Facilitators And Barriers To Dietary Management Of Type 2 Diabetes Among Hispanic Men: Perceptions Of Health Professionals, Leah Galitzdorfer, Melissa Fuster Phd, Pamela Koch Edd, Rd

Publications and Research

Objectives: Hispanic Americans have a higher prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) compared to non-Hispanic whites, and are at greater risk for developing diabetes-related complications. Barriers and facilitators to dietary managment of T2DM among this population may be particularly influenced by culture and gender, where traditional gender roles and values prevent Hispanic men from engaging in healthy dietary self-management behaviors. Despite this, research focusing on dietary management of T2DM among Hispanic men is scant. This study aimed to assess perceived barriers and facilitators, as well as perceived influences of culture and gender on the dietary management of T2DM among Hispanic …

Planting The Seeds Of Health And Resilience, Shawna Beese, Teresa Bigand, Marian L. Wilson

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Purpose/Aims:

Our primary aim was to investigate whether gardens were a source of nutrition for the food bank users we sampled, and whether food bank recipients would be interested in using gardens as a nutritional resource.

Rationale/Background:

Food bank users represent an important population to explore the benefits of garden access for because they are at risk for insufficient access to fresh nutrient dense foods, may benefit from a low cost alternative sources of food, and they experience higher incidence of food insecurity. The activity of gardening also provides a myriad of secondary health benefits such as elevating mood, easing …

Allowing Entry Of Foreign Health Professionals In Containing The Covid-19 Pandemic In The Philippines, Tereso S. Tullao, John Paolo R. Rivera, Cynthia P. Cudia

Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)

In light of the risks posed by COVID-19 on Filipino health care professionals, this Angelo King Institute of Economic and Business Studies policy brief recommends short-term solutions that may support in containing the outbreak and at the same time mitigate the risks. Authored by Dr. Tereso Tullao, Jr., John Paolo Rivera, and Dr. Cynthia Caudia

A Survey Of Patients With Congenital Orthopedic Conditions In Malawi: Factors That Influence Late Presentation, Brianna Wallis

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Projects

Staff at CURE International, a non-profit organization that provides orthopedic care in Malawi, noticed a high prevalence of patients with congenital orthopedic conditions who are presenting late for treatment. Late presentation results in prolonged pain or discomfort for the patient and has the potential for increased cost to the institution, longer duration of treatment, and decreased quality of outcomes. To identify the factors that influenced presentation delays, we surveyed the caregivers of patients with congenital conditions that were seen in out-patient clinics, in-patient wards, and mobile clinics across the country. Sixty-two caregivers were surveyed; forty-two patients had a diagnosis of …

State Regulatory Responses To The Prescription Opioid Crisis: Too Much To Bear?, Lars Noah

Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)

In order to prevent further overuse of prescription opioids, states have adopted a variety of strategies. This article summarizes the growing use of prescription drug monitoring programs, crackdowns on “pill mills,” prohibitions on the use of particularly hazardous opioids, limitations on the duration and dosage of prescribed opioids, excise taxes, physician education and patient disclosure requirements, public awareness campaigns, and drug take-back programs. Although occasionally challenged on constitutional grounds, including claims of federal preemption under the Supremacy Clause, discrimination against out-of-state businesses under the dormant Commerce Clause doctrine, and interference with rights of commercial free speech, this article evaluates the …

Safe Consumption Sites And The Perverse Dynamics Of Federalism In The Aftermath Of The War On Drugs, Deborah Ahrens

Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)

In this Article, I explore the complicated regulatory and federalism issues posed by creating safe consumption sites for drug users—an effort which would regulate drugs through use of a public health paradigm. This Article details the difficulties that localities pursuing such sites and other non-criminal-law responses have faced as a result of both federal and state interference. It contrasts those difficulties with the carte blanche local and state officials typically receive from federal regulators when creatively adopting new punitive policies to combat drugs. In so doing, this Article identifies systemic asymmetries of federalism that threaten drug policy reform. While traditional …

A Collaborative Approach To Incentivizing Healthy Food Choices Among Uncontrolled Diabetic Patients At A Local Federally Qualified Health Center To Improve Health Outcomes, Briauna J. Taylor

Doctoral Projects

Background: The rate of uncontrolled diabetes among patients at a local Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) is higher than the nation standard, a phenomenon believed to be caused by the effects of social determinants of health (SDOH). SDOH, specifically food insecurity, play a significant role in health outcomes of diabetic patients. Increasing access to healthy foods, thereby reducing food insecurity, has the potential to improve glycemic control and reduce diet related chronic disease.

Objectives: The project aims to determine if partnership with a membership based incentivized grocery store has the potential to positively impact health outcomes among vulnerable patients with …

Association Of Dairy Consumption With Metabolic Syndrome, Hypertension And Diabetes In 147 812 Individuals From 21 Countries, Balaji Bhavadharini, Mahshid Dehghan, Andrew Mente, Sumathy Rangarajan, Patrick Sheridan, Viswanathan Mohan, Romaina Iqbal, Rajeev Gupta, Scott Lear, Edelweiss Wentzel-Viljoen

Community Health Sciences

Objective: Our aims were to assess the association of dairy intake with prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) (cross-sectionally) and with incident hypertension and incident diabetes (prospectively) in a large multinational cohort study.
Methods: The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study is a prospective epidemiological study of individuals aged 35 and 70 years from 21 countries on five continents, with a median follow-up of 9.1 years. In the cross-sectional analyses, we assessed the association of dairy intake with prevalent MetS and its components among individuals with information on the five MetS components (n=112 922). For the prospective analyses, we …

Vaccine Confidence, Coverage, And Hesitancy Worldwide: A Literature Analysis Of Vaccine Hesitancy And Potential Causes Worldwide, Jordan Hammond

Senior Theses

Vaccines are one of the world’s most impactful medical therapies. They are cost-effective, successfully proven, and one of the quickest treatment options available today (Clark et al., 2016). They save millions of lives every year and have eliminated certain diseases on a national and international level. However, millions of people worldwide still remain unvaccinated. In developed nations, mainly The United States (U.S.) and the European countries, many of the unvaccinated are a result of rising vaccine hesitancy of parents in conjunction with the anti-vaccination movement. Vaccine hesitancy is defined as “a delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccines despite availability” …

The Role Of A Community-Driven, Structured Exercise Program On Children's And Adolescent's Quality Of Life, Padgett Singley Powe

Senior Theses

Childhood obesity is a long-standing epidemic in the United States as of 2020, and the problem is continuing to worsen. Childhood obesity has been shown to have many unhealthy effects, such as increasing prevalence of cardiovascular disease, depression, and social anxiety, which all can contribute to a worsened quality of life. Research suggests that summer is the most critical time period to combat childhood obesity is because children’s lives are less structured over the summer, which can lead to increased unhealthy behaviors, obesity, and a decrease in quality of life. The current study, the Skybrook Swim Team Study, aimed to …

“En Defensa Por La Salud”: Los Actores Sociales En La Construcción Del Movimiento Social En Chile, Karina Martinez

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This investigation aimed to describe the construction of the social movement for health demands in the frame of the social outbreak in Chile in October 2019. In addition to identifying the main health demands of this movement, it also had a focus on understanding the role of social organizations in the construction of the movement and placing it within the broader socio-political movement that arises from the social outbreak. The research design was qualitative and descriptive. Having been a remote investigation, it was largely based on literature review with the support of information from a semi-structured interview. Regarding the results, …

The Cultural And Systemic Influence On Substance Use Disorder, Christina Seery

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

The opioid epidemic is an extensive global problem, but it is not random that it is most severe in the United Sates. It is commonly believed that the individuals with substance use disorder and the health care system are at fault, however many people disregard the impact culture and systems have on substance use disorder. I tackled this gap by conducting formal qualitative interviews with experts in the field of addiction and dissecting academic work. After this research it is apparent that the American culture and institutions has made individuals vulnerable to become addicted to opioids while other similar European …

Feasibility Of Long Acting Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (Prep) In Rural Communities, William A. Mase, Ellie Purdy

Health Policy & Community Health: Faculty Publications

Published as part of the "Eagles Talking About the Public’s Health" Commentaries.

Link: https://jphcoph.georgiasouthern.edu/opr/etaph/

First Aid And Emergency Preparedness: Improving Health Outcomes Among Aging Adults, Anna J. Kulangara

Senior Theses

As the United States population demographic shifts and the baby boomer population enters seniority, the health sector must adjust and prepare to provide efficient and adequate healthcare to the people. The Silver Tsunami, a metaphor for the expected wave of aging adults, will inevitably strain healthcare professionals and can be partly relieved by promoting risk-minimizing behavior in baby boomers before severe conditions develop. Through this effort, a health education course, titled First Aid and Emergency Preparedness, was developed and taught twice at a local senior center to target senior citizens and promote proactivity and healthy behaviors. Course development founded largely …

Defining The Burden Of Covid-19 In The Kentuckiana Area: Incidence, Epidemiology & Clinical Outcomes Of Patients With Covid-19, Julio A. Ramirez

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Rationale: Early evaluation of the burden of disease that COVID-19 may produce in a community is critical to appropriately allocate resources for COVID-19 prevention and treatment.

Objective: The primary objective of this study is to define the incidence, epidemiology, and clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19 in the Louisville, Kentucky, and southern Indiana region (Kentuckiana) of the USA.

Methods: This will be a retrospective observational study of patients in the Kentuckiana region with the diagnosis of COVID-19.

Struggling With Long-Time Low Uptake Of Modern Contraceptives In Pakistan, Nasim Zahid Shah, Tazeen S. Ali, Imtiaz Jehan, Xaher Gul

Woman and Child Health

Background: Efforts to expand access to reproductive health care in Pakistan date as far back as the early 1950s. Despite such efforts, the fertility rate has declined at a slower pace compared to that in neighbouring countries.
Aims: To explore the underlying reasons and challenges for long-time low contraceptive use among female clients and key service providers of community-based family planning programmes in Pakistan.
Methods: A qualitative study was carried out with a total of 10 focus group discussions and 7 in-depth interviews with female clients and key service providers. The data were analysed using qualitative content analysis.
Results: The …

Cleveland, Alex - Covid-19 Journal, Alex Cleveland

Personal Journals

In this journal, EIU student Alex Cleveland in the Spring 2020 History of Illinois (HIS 3810) documents the beginning period of the pandemic, including initial reactions to the shelter in place order.