A Preliminary Analysis Of Aeronautical Services In Air Navigation Activity,
2011
Wright State University
A Preliminary Analysis Of Aeronautical Services In Air Navigation Activity, Lisia Maria Espinola Da Silva Pacheco Cabral, Igor Costa, Luciana Da Costa Leal, Dulce Maria Saint Pastous Madureira, Stael Prata Mendes, Edméia Moreira, Cristina Juliet De Jesus Reuter, Silvyanne Di Paula Santos Leão, Allan Tavares
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
DECEA - Air Space Control Department regulates Air Navigation activity in Brazil and authorizes military and civilian organizations to provide aeronautical services. This article presents a preliminary analysis of brazilian Air Navigation activity involving the following aeronautical services provided by a civilian organization: Air Traffic Control, Management and Telecommunication; Aeronautical Meteorology; and Aeronautical Information. This analysis is based on civilian psychologists´ professional practice and has the main purpose to subsidize Human Factors preventive approaches and studies to contribute to more proactive and predictive safety interventions; improvements on organizational safety culture, workers´ performance and interfaces (BRASIL, 2010a; ABERGO, 2010).
Mishap Reduction Training For C-130j Crews,
2011
Wright State University
Mishap Reduction Training For C-130j Crews, Robert Nullmeyer, Alan Spiker, Greg Deen
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
The C-130J is an advanced automation aircraft flown with a smaller crew than its tactical airlift predecessors. It is seeing increased action in theater. The Air Mobility Command sponsored a multi-prong project to improve C-130J aircrew training for operations in high threat environments: (1) analyze C-130J and related platform (C-130 E/H, C-17) mishap reports, (2) survey C-130J crew real world experiences regarding threats to safety, and (3) observe C-130J crews as they plan and execute a challenging, tactically relevant simulator scenario. The Air Force C-130J safety record is enviable—no crew-caused Class A mishaps and low rates across all mishap categories …
Better-Than-Visual Technologies For Next Generation Air Transportation System Terminal Maneuvering Area Operations,
2011
Wright State University
Better-Than-Visual Technologies For Next Generation Air Transportation System Terminal Maneuvering Area Operations, Lawrence J. Prinzel Iii, Randall E. Bailey, Kevin J. Shelton, Denise R. Jones, Lynda J. Kramer, Jarvis J. Arthur Iii, Steve P. Williams, Bryan E. Barmore, Kyle E. Ellis, Sherri A. Rehfeld
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
A consortium of industry, academia and government agencies are devising new concepts for future U.S. aviation operations under the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen). Many key capabilities are being identified to enable NextGen, including the concept of Equivalent Visual Operations (EVO) – replicating the capacity and safety of today’s visual flight rules (VFR) in all-weather conditions. NASA is striving to develop the technologies and knowledge to enable EVO and to extend EVO towards a “Better-Than-Visual” (BTV) operational concept. The BTV operational concept uses an electronic means to provide sufficient visual references of the external world and other required flight …
How Thoroughly Do Proposed Nextgen Mid-Term Operational Improvements Address Existing Threats?,
2011
Wright State University
How Thoroughly Do Proposed Nextgen Mid-Term Operational Improvements Address Existing Threats?, Jon Holbrook, Nicole Stasio, Lori Mcdonnell, Antonio Puentes, Kimberly Jobe, Bettina Beard
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
The goals of the Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA) Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) include improved safety, increased capacity, increased efficiency, and reduced environmental impact. The FAA has developed 46 mid-term Operational Improvements (OIs) to facilitate initial realization of these benefits in the 2015 – 2018 timeframe. These OIs describe changes in technologies, policies and procedures from current-day air and ground operations designed to mitigate safety, capacity, efficiency, and environmental issues. The main goal of this project was to investigate how thoroughly threats to safety present in today’s operations are addressed by the OIs. These threats, without mitigation, could remain …
Zagreb, Tenerife And Cove Neck: Revisiting The Assumptions Underlying Icao’S Language Proficiency Program,
2011
Wright State University
Zagreb, Tenerife And Cove Neck: Revisiting The Assumptions Underlying Icao’S Language Proficiency Program, Simon Cookson
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
In 1976 a DC-9 and a Trident 3B collided over Zagreb in the former Yugoslavia; in 1977 two Boeing 747s collided on the ground in Tenerife; and in 1990 a Boeing 707 ran out of fuel after a missed approach and crashed at Cove Neck. Because they involved language issues and resulted in 832 deaths, these three accidents have been cited by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) in justification of a worldwide program to improve the language proficiency of pilots and air traffic controllers. This paper shows that: (1) both linguistic and non-linguistic causal factors contributed to each accident; …
Safety Culture Maturity Assessment In Air Traffic Management: Ready-To-Go?,
2011
Wright State University
Safety Culture Maturity Assessment In Air Traffic Management: Ready-To-Go?, Michaela Heese, K. Wolfgang Kallus, Werner Artner, Thomas Marek
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
Safety is the number one priority in Aviation and it has long been recognized that a Safety Management System (SMS) cannot be effective without an appropriate safety culture. The Civil Air Navigation Service Organisation (CANSO, 2009) in line with international regulatory requirements has defined safety culture as the ‘enabler that integrates the various SMS elements into a coherent system.’ This paper reports findings and recommendations following a pilot implementation of a ‘ready-to-go’ safety culture survey developed by CANSO at a local Air Navigation Service Provider. In addition correlations with related concepts such as resilience, organisational citizenship behavior as well as …
Development Of A Crm Skills Measurement Method Including Threat And Error Management Concept,
2011
Wright State University
Development Of A Crm Skills Measurement Method Including Threat And Error Management Concept, Tomoko Iijima, Hiroka Tsuda, Fumio Noda
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has developed a Crew Resource Management (CRM) Skills measurement method that includes a Threat and Error Management (TEM) concept and identifies a crew’s level of CRM Skills by the way in which they manage human errors and threats. To validate the method, a CRM Skills measurement experiment was carried out by four raters using Line Oriented Flight Training (LOFT) scenarios. To increase inter-rater reliability, the raters collated their results to develop “True Scores”. The experiment identified factors contributing to individual scoring differences between the raters and provided information for improving the CRM Skills rating …
Nextgen Flight Deck Surface Trajectory-Based Operations (Stbo): Speed-Based Taxi Clearances,
2011
Wright State University
Nextgen Flight Deck Surface Trajectory-Based Operations (Stbo): Speed-Based Taxi Clearances, Deborah L. Bakowski, David C. Foyle, Christina L. Kunkle, Becky L. Hooey, Kevin P. Jordan
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
A pilot-in-the-loop simulation was conducted that required pilots to taxi following acceleration and speed profiles under two Speed-conformance conditions (Defined and Undefined). Pilots were given a commanded speed in both conditions, however, in the Defined Speed-conformance condition, air traffic control (ATC) issued alerts when the aircraft speed exceeded a +/- 1.5 kt speed range. A current-day, baseline trial with no required speed profile was also included. While pilots achieved required time of arrival (RTA) errors of less than 10 sec in each condition, both Speed-conformance conditions produced more visual fixation time on the speed tape, located head-down on the primary …
Examining The Validity Of Traditional Risky Flight Behavioral Measures Across A Variety Of Risky Flying Activities,
2011
Wright State University
Examining The Validity Of Traditional Risky Flight Behavioral Measures Across A Variety Of Risky Flying Activities, Justin Drinkwater, Dr. Brett Molesworth
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
Predicting pilots’ willingness to engage in a variety of risky activities has implications for the selection and training of pilots (Drinkwater & Molesworth, 2010). In addition to traditional predictors of safety such as flight experience and age, a variety of measures have been employed that examine pilots’ attitudes and risk perceptions (Hunter, 2002). However, in order to test their predictive validity, they are often paired with a single behavioral measure, nominally a simulated flight with a stable level of risk, potentially limiting their ability to predict pilots’ risk management behavior accurately. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to …
Visual Vs. Auditory Memory In An Aviation Task: A Potential Performance Theory Analysis,
2011
Wright State University
Visual Vs. Auditory Memory In An Aviation Task: A Potential Performance Theory Analysis, Gayle Hunt, Stephen Rice, David Trafimow, Jeremy Schwark, Joshua Sandry, Lisa Busche, Kasha Geels
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
Information can be relayed to pilots by visual presentation or auditory presentation; both methods are frequently used. To date, there is quite a bit of conflicting literature regarding which type of communication is most effective for recalling information. The current study tested memory differences between digits presented visually or audibly in number strings. Results showed that performance in the visual presentation condition was superior to the auditory presentation condition. However, when a PPT analysis was conducted on the data, it was revealed that performance in the visual condition was only superior because participants were more consistent in that condition compared …
Development Of A Model Of Airline Consumer Satisfaction,
2011
Wright State University
Development Of A Model Of Airline Consumer Satisfaction, Dr. Erin E. Bowen, Dr. Brent D. Bowen, Dr. Dean E. Headley
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
Previous research on perceptions, satisfaction, and attitudes regarding the major commercial air carriers in the United States has provided little more than an interesting descriptive “snapshot” of the average air traveler. Building upon 20 years of work with the National Airline Quality Rating, the present study attempts to move beyond basic descriptive information of air travelers to identify attitudinal patterns and relationships in the way consumers at varying levels of travel frequency view the commercial air industry. Development of such a model allows key players the ability to improve their understanding of the prime drivers and perceptions of passenger behavior. …
Enhanced Scenario Visualization For Simulation-Based Training,
2011
Wright State University
Enhanced Scenario Visualization For Simulation-Based Training, Jonathan Borgvall, Martin Castor, Stephen D. O'Connell
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
This paper describes the development and initial experiences of an enhanced scenario visualization system recently introduced at the Swedish Air Force Combat Simulation Centre (FLSC). FLSC provides team training of fast-jet pilots, performs research on training effectiveness and human performance, and simulation-based development and acquisition. The system has been developed in-house, based on an extensive set of experiences and needs among various user groups, to support and enhance the effectiveness of simulator-based team training, as well as research and development programs. It provides enhanced presentations of scenarios, enabling pilots, instructors, training designers, researchers, and operational analysts to observe, reflect, and …
Situation Awareness, Workload, And Performance In Midterm Nextgen: Effect Of Dynamic Variations In Aircraft Equipage Levels,
2011
Wright State University
Situation Awareness, Workload, And Performance In Midterm Nextgen: Effect Of Dynamic Variations In Aircraft Equipage Levels, Thomas Z. Strybel, Kim-Phuong L. Vu, L. Paige Bacon, Sabrina Silk Billinghurst, Robert Conrad Rorie, Joshua M. Kraut, Corey Morgan, Vernol Battiste, Walter Johnson
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
NextGen changes in air traffic management promise to bring many benefits to the current airspace system, but these changes must be evaluated for their impact on mid-term air traffic management in which mixed-equipage is certain. We examined mixed equipage environments in which the equipage levels changed over the course of the scenario to reflect changes in sector characteristic over the course of a day or controller’s work shift. Six retired ATCs managed mixed-equipage traffic that either began with low levels of NextGen equipped aircraft and increased midway through the scenario or vice-versa. These were compared to a scenario in which …
Best Captains – A Survey Of Characteristics And Skills Of Airline Captain Excellence,
2011
Wright State University
Best Captains – A Survey Of Characteristics And Skills Of Airline Captain Excellence, Steve Swauger
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
One training development challenge in the air carrier industry today is the lack of sharing of best practices between pilots who hold the same seat position. Part of the difficulty is identifying traits, techniques, and practices of the best captains. To identify top-performing captains, this survey asked first officers to identify the best captains that they had flown with and to identify the characteristics that earned them that distinction. What emerged was a consistent description of the ideal captain – one who is technically competent, psychologically confident, and who promotes good CRM values. The best captains were then resurveyed to …
Emergency At 35’000 Ft.: How Cockpit And Cabin Crews Lead Each Other To Safety,
2011
Wright State University
Emergency At 35’000 Ft.: How Cockpit And Cabin Crews Lead Each Other To Safety, Nadine Bienefeld, Gudela Grote
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
Many aircraft accidents have illustrated the catastrophic consequences of ineffective leadership. However, the optimal form of leadership during emergencies on board is not yet fully explored, particularly not with regards to its influence on decision making. Several authors have studied decision making errors in the cockpit, but to our knowledge so far, nobody has considered the role of the cabin crew, who in these stressful and challenging circumstances have to closely collaborate with pilots despite obvious differences in their training and culture. This study investigates the influence of collective leadership on the quality of decision making by observing 84 cockpit …
Storyboard Development As A Methodology To Develop Integrated Operational Concepts,
2011
Wright State University
Storyboard Development As A Methodology To Develop Integrated Operational Concepts, Demetrius O. Madrigal, Nicole J. Stasio, Daniel N. Peknik, Bryan U. Mcclain, Bettina L. Beard Ph.D.
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
We utilized a visualization method known as storyboarding, a design and simulation methodology that is effective at evaluating system implementation concepts in operational context. Using the NextGen Midterm Operational Improvements as a platform, we used human factors and design principles in coordination with input from Air Traffic Controllers and FAA project managers to provide a script and visualization of the Midterm operational environment for Tower and TRACON. The storyboards include a range of both nominal and off‐nominal arrival/departure scenarios. The nominal storyboards provide a conceptual baseline of NextGen capabilities and procedures in an ideal scenario. The off‐nominal storyboards will serve …
An Integrated Alerting And Notification System Utilizing Stages Of Automation And Uncertainty Visualization,
2011
Wright State University
An Integrated Alerting And Notification System Utilizing Stages Of Automation And Uncertainty Visualization, Tiffany N. Saffell, Amy L. Alexander, Alan S. Carlin, Andy C. Chang, Nathan Schurr
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
While NextGen operations are still under development, several key issues have already emerged, including increased information demands on the flight deck. The ALerting And Reasoning Management System (ALARMS) was designed as a strategic, automated system for combining and evaluating alert-related outputs from current and proposed NextGen systems. The modeldriven interface integrates the status of the environment, pilot, and system to automatically present the most critical information at the right time, augmenting existing flight deck technologies. The current level of uncertainty in the environment and system as a whole is also evaluated and represented within the display. The four stage model …
Improve Crm And Advocate “One Ballot Veto”,
2011
Wright State University
Improve Crm And Advocate “One Ballot Veto”, Shi Ya-Jie, Li Jing
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
Accident investigations showed that most accidents are caused by the flight crew. But in many cases, if the captain can listen to first officer or the observer suggestion, such as "go-around ", for safety reasons at the key phase of final approach, many flying accidents/incidents can be avoided. Unfortunately, the captain sometimes would still chose to continue the final approach due to over-confidence, then leading to disastrous consequences in the end. CRM(Crew Resource Management) endeavored to reduced the crew human errors and improve the safety level all the while, but there is no effective way to eliminate this kinds of …
Mahler To Mach 1,
2011
Wright State University
Mahler To Mach 1, Capt. John Gadzinski
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
As a classically trained musician who studied with the Boston Symphony and worked for the Opera Company of Boston, the author was able to directly apply the skills used in the high pressure world of professional music performance to become a Navy fighter pilot with 10 years of service and 321 carrier landings. Later, after flying for a major airline and completing his certificate in Aviation Safety at USC, the author worked with the NTSB on major accident investigations and started to observe the link between aviation human factors, safety analysis, and the similarities between accident investigation skills and the …
The Effect Of Measuring Situation Awareness On Pilot Behavior,
2011
Wright State University
The Effect Of Measuring Situation Awareness On Pilot Behavior, J. Van Eijck, C. Borst, M. Mulder, M.M. (René) Van Paassen
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
When developing new human-machine interfaces for aircraft cockpits, the contribution of the interface to the pilot’s situation awareness is of interest because this might inf uence human decisionmaking. Besides subjective measures, a frequently used objective method of measuring SA is the freezing of the task, removing information from the displays and querying the pilot about the situation. Research has indicated that by doing so, the pilot’s notion of what is important during this task may change, thereby potentially inf uencing decision-making. This paper describes an experiment in which pilots are given a terrain avoidance task, either with or without an …
