Psychological Phenomena and Processes Commons^™

Mind, Body And Race: A Look Into How Implicit Biases Influence The Perception Of Emotion, Faiza Ahmad, Adam Anderson, James Dalton Rounds, Christina Chick, Alize Hill

Research Symposium

Background: Most research examining the effects of implicit race-based biases in emotion perception has focused on the perception of Black faces as being angry. Limited work has been done examining the perception of “approach” emotions such as fear. Furthermore, most studies have predominantly used White subjects. Our study examined the role of implicit racial biases in shaping the perception of both anger and fear in White, Black and Asian participants.

Methods: 78 participants completed a Go/NoGo task in which they were asked to categorize different race faces as portraying either anger or fear. Participants would be asked to press the …

Effect Of Caffeine In Pattern Memory And Reaction Time Test Among College Students, William T. Clark, Micheal Lawson, Garrett Garnto, Evan Smith, Kelly Massey

International Undergraduate Journal of Health Sciences

Caffeine is commonly used by college students to aid in staying alert throughout the day. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of caffeine on visual memory and reaction time performance on college students aged 18-25 years old. The Human Benchmark (https://humanbenchmark.com) Visual Memory (VM) and Reaction Time (RT) tests were used to assess participant’s baseline scores and scores 15min post treatment. Five male (19.0y ± 1.26) and four female (20.3y ± 0.43) college students volunteered to be participants in a three-week long cross-over, counterbalanced study. Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were assessed before each …

Theories Of Consciousness And A Life Worth Living, Liad Mudrik, Myrto Mylopoulos, Niccolo Negro, Aaron Schurger

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

What is it that makes a life valuable? A popular view is that life’s moral worth depends in some way on its relationship to consciousness or subjective experience. But a practical application of this view requires the ability to test for consciousness, which is currently lacking. Here, we examine how theories of consciousness (ToCs) can help do so, focusing especially on difficult cases where the answer is not clear (e.g. fetuses, nonhuman animals, unresponsive brain-injured patients, and advanced artificial systems). We consider five major ToCs and what predictions they offer: Integrated information theory, Higher-Order Thought Theory, Recurrent Processing Theory, Global …

The Difficulty In The Diagnosis And Management Of Antidepressant Discontinuation Syndrome, Sidney Charm D. Reyes

School of Medicine Publications and Presentations

Background: Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome (ADS) is a condition that occurs in about 20% of patients following the abrupt reduction/stoppage of any antidepressant medication that has been taken continuously for at least one month.

Case Presentation: We present a 36-year-old Hispanic woman who initially presented for evaluation of flu-like symptoms (subjective fever, rhinorrhea) and worsening body aches, trouble sleeping, and headaches for the past three days. She also reported recent exposure to a sick co-worker. Rapid flu, strep, and COVID tests came back negative. Pt was diagnosed with a viral URI and was discharged with counseling on supportive treatment. The patient …

Terror Management And The News: An Exploration Into The Effects Of Framing On Mortality Salience, Peter Montwill

Masters Theses, 2020-current

The present study explores the link between Terror Management Theory and the use of its principles within news media. Political news media in the digital age undergoes a variety of framing effects, more specifically episodic and thematic frames of stories. To induce mortality salience, college-aged participants were presented with stories framed from the perspective of an individual’s experience or a general theme of experiences regarding the controversial pro-life topic and a non-controversial hiking topic. These stories are presented in the style of Instagram posts to mirror how college-aged people consume news media. The stories also contain wording designed to induce …

Tiktok Use And Body Dissatisfaction: Examining Direct, Indirect, And Moderated Relations, Danielle Leigh Mink

Doctoral Dissertations

In this study, we examined potential indirect and moderated effects in the relations between the use of TikTok, a video-based appearance-related social networking site, and body dissatisfaction among a sample of approximately 475 United States’ young adult college women residing in the Southeast. We hypothesized that TikTok use would be directly and indirectly related to body dissatisfaction through more upward appearance comparison and more body surveillance in serial. We also hypothesized that exposure to body positive media and social media literacy (both commercial and peer) would moderate or buffer both the direct and indirect links between TikTok use and body …

Predicting Suicide Attempt History: Self-Report And Objective Measures Of Pain, Boriana Lassiter

Theses and Dissertations

The aim of this study was to replicate a factor analysis of the Painful and Provocative Events Scale (PPES), to test whether commonly used self-report measures associated with the Interpersonal Theory of (IPTS) would predict suicide attempt status and suicidal history, and to test whether physical pain sensitivity would differentiate suicide attempers, ideators, and those with no suicidal history (controls). Factor analysis of the PPES yielded a 5-factor solution consisting of Rare and Illegal Activities, Abuse Experience, Dangerous Sports, Medical Trauma, and Body Modification. Only Abuse Experience predicted suicide attempt status and overall suicidal history. Abuse Experience, the Psychache Scale, …

Relational Variables Impacting The Healthcare Team, Linda J. Macdougall Ms

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The movement in the healthcare system towards interprofessional collaborative teamwork values the perspectives of various healthcare professionals. Although this system shift has been essential to quality improvement, there have been indications of issues occurring between professionals that include conflict and impaired team performance. Although the current literature on interprofessional collaboration acknowledges the competencies and demonstrated behaviours that indicate successful and difficult collaborative efforts there is a lack of research investigating the relational variables that occur between healthcare professionals.

The purpose of this research was to test a theoretically derived model of healthcare professionals’ relational variables. These variables related to warmth, …

Using Behavior Sequence Analysis To Study Teams During Long- Duration Isolation And Confinement, Andres Käosaar, Dr. Nathan Smith, Dr. David A. Keatley, Pranav Ambhorkar, Dr. Moritz Von Looz, Konstantinos Konstantinidis

Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments

With a renewed impetus and appetite for human space exploration, both government-funded agencies and private companies are focusing on longer and farther crewed missions into the solar system. Such space missions rely on highly interdependent teams living and working together in isolated, confined, and extreme (ICE) environments. Understanding the behavioral patterns of teams in ICE environments is, thus, paramount for the future success of such missions. Due to the complexity of studying ICE teams, several researchers have called for methodological innovations to advance knowledge in this area. In the current research, a proof-of-concept methodological approach is introduced that provides a …

Affect Variability And Physical Health: The Moderating Role Of Mean Affect, Brooke N. Jenkins, Lydia Q. Ong, Hee Youn (Helen) Lee, Anthony D. Ong, Julia K. Boehm

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Research has only begun to explore how affect variability relates to physical health and has typically not assessed long-term associations nor considered the moderating role of mean affect. Therefore, we used data from the Midlife in the United States Study waves 2 (N = 1512) and 3 (N = 1499) to test how affect variability predicted concurrent and long-term physical health while also testing the moderating role of mean affect. Results indicated that greater negative affect variability was associated concurrently with a greater number of chronic conditions (p = .03) and longitudinally with worse self-rated physical health (p …

Arnold-Chiari Malformation-I Borderline Personality Disorder, Aric Huber, Matthew Driben, Eduardo Espiridion

Transformative Medicine (T-Med)

Introduction:
Arnold-Chiari Malformation I (AM-I) is a congenital anomaly that manifests with cerebellar dysfunction. There is a displacement of cerebellar tonsils into the foramen magnum. Several mood disorders, personality disorders, and intellectual disabilities are associated with AM-I. Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by symptoms of mood lability, impulsivity, extreme efforts of abandonment, splitting and dysfunctional relationships.

Case Description:
The patient is an early aged adult with a past medical history of AM-I, hypothyroidism, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, and diabetes mellitus type II. The patient was admitted to the hospital after ingesting foreign bodies. He/she presented with mood lability, sad mood, anhedonia, …

Understanding The Effects Of Empathy And Masculine Gender Role Stress On The Relationship Between Gender And The Understanding Of Consent In Adolescents: A Moderated Mediation Framework, Kate Degenhardt

Clinical Psychology Dissertations

This research examined the relationship between masculine gender role stress and empathy in youths ages 11-19 and their ability to understand the concept of consent. I examined a moderated mediation model where the effect of gender on the understanding of consent via masculine gender role stress was permitted to differ as a function of levels of empathy. The moderated mediation was evaluated in a stepwise fashion. A simple mediation examining the degree to which MGRS mediated the relation of gender on consent revealed all effects were significant, including the indirect effect (B = 0.561, SE = .292 95, CI 0.100, …

How Did The Landscape Of Student Belonging Shift During Covid-19?, Shruti Misra, Neha Kardam, Jennifer Vanantwerp, Denise Wilson

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

The goal of this study is to understand if and how emergency remote teaching (ERT) used during the COVID-19 pandemic changed the ways in which instructional support and interactions were linked to belonging among engineering students. Belonging is a fundamental human motivation associated with a wide range of positive psychological, educational, social, and job outcomes. Frequent and predominantly conflict-free interactions within a stable, relational framework of caring are required to facilitate belonging. To better understand potential shifts in belonging that occurred from prepandemic to mid-pandemic, this study used survey data from a cross-sectional dataset at a single, large institution comprised …

Tattoos And Trauma: Are Tattoos Healing For Trauma?, Krystal Bell

University Honors Theses

Prior research and literature reviews suggest that there is medicinal value in tattooing for the healing of trauma. However, tattooing is still a burgeoning topic in academic studies and still mostly taboo as a western societal practice, so there are gaps in qualitative and quantitative data that could further validate the healing benefits of tattoos for trauma. This literature review analyzed 30 peer reviewed articles that focus on "contemporary tattoo data," "indigenous traditions and practices," "tattoos and trauma," and other alternative healing such as "MDMA, psilocybin, EMDR" to establish a well-rounded investigation into tattoos as an alternative healing option. The …

Treatment Burden, Not Health Risk Attitude Associated With Adherence In Patients With Mental Illness In South India, Dushad Ram, Neethu Benny, Shruthy Kv

International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences

Background: Attitude towards health risks and treatment burden may mediate treatment adherence in therapeutic care. There is a paucity of study examining the levels and relationships of these variables in patients with mental illness. Objective: This study was conducted to know the relationships of health risk attitude & treatment burden and medication adherence in patients with mental illness. Settings and design: Cross-sectional, Hospital-based study. Methods and material: One hundred seventy consecutive participants in remission of mental illness were recruited. The patient's details were assessed with Sociodemographic proforma while attitude towards health risk was assessed with Health-Risk Attitude Scale (HRAS). To …

An Erp Measure Of Non-Conscious Memory Reveals Dissociable Implicit Processes In Human Recognition Using An Open-Source Automated Analytic Pipeline, Richard J. Addante, Javier Lopez-Calderon, Nathan Allen, Carter Luck, Alana Muller, Lindsey Sirianni, Cory S. Inman, Daniel L. Drake

Psychology Student Publications

Non-conscious processing of human memory has traditionally been difficult to objectively measure and thus understand. A prior study on a group of hippocampal amnesia (N = 3) patients and healthy controls (N = 6) used a novel procedure for capturing neural correlates of implicit memory using event-related potentials (ERPs): old and new items were equated for varying levels of memory awareness, with ERP differences observed from 400 to 800 ms in bilateral parietal regions that were hippocampal-dependent. The current investigation sought to address the limitations of that study by increasing the sample of healthy subjects (N = …

Examining Benefits Of Early Intervention In Cases Of Pediatric Chronic Hypoxia, Kendra Stefan

University Honors Theses

There is a strong foundation of evidence and consensus in the literature that hypoxia has adverse impacts on brain function. Recent research has broadened the field in two directions. One is the treatment for acute hypoxic injuries, and the second is regarding the accumulative impact of intermittent or chronic hypoxia. Historically, in cases of acute hypoxia, action is taken to remedy the source of hypoxia. Physical and cognitive rehabilitation has typically been provided as needed depending on the severity of the injury. While cases of intermittent or chronic hypoxia may not demonstrate an acute urgency for treatment and rehabilitation, current …

Evidence-Based Practices And Self-Efficacy: A Quantitative Study Of Mental Health Counselors Treating Clients With Substance Use Disorder, Carl Bastien

Dissertations

Substance use disorder affects a substantial number of individuals in the United States. The specific problem of this research is that it was not known to what extent their use of evidence-based practices is driven by their sense of self-efficacy. The purpose of this quantitative correlational research was to examine to what extent the use of evidence-based practices covary with a sense of self-efficacy for mental health counselors treating individuals diagnosed with a substance use disorder. The study population was 121 mental health counselors who specialized in substance use disorder treatment who completed a digital survey. The study findings did …

Connecting Linguistic Expressions And Pain Relief Through Transformer Model Construction And Analysis, Sarah M. Chacko

Computer Science Senior Theses

Chronic pain is a widespread problem that significantly impacts quality of life. Overprescription and abuse of pain medication continues to be a major public health issue and can further burden patients due to a fragmented health care system. Previous research has suggested a possible psychological basis to pain and the potential for safer, non-pharmacological alternatives for pain relief. This project leverages language models to study chronic pain development and relief through psychological treatments, which will be assessed through responses to post-treatment interviews. A transformer-based natural language processing model is employed to identify connections between language expressions and pain on a …

Positive College Experiences Moderate The Association Between Resilience And Anxiety Symptoms Among Underrepresented College Students, Jihun Woo, Erum Z. Whyne, Jaylen I. Wright, H. Matthew Lehrer, Mary A. Steinhardt

Health Behavior Research

Generalized anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent mental health concerns for college students. Resilience, one’s ability to recover from adversity, is a critical component in reducing anxiety. The association between resilience and anxiety may be strengthened by positive college experiences of institutional support and experiential learning, particularly among underrepresented students. This study explored whether positive college experiences (Gallup “Big Six”) moderated the association between resilience (Brief Resilience Scale) and anxiety symptoms (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7) among underrepresented college students (N = 430; 73.5% first year; 38.1% first generation) at a large public institution. Controlling for demographic variables, greater resilience …