Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Commons^™

Recession Proof Pills: An Examination Of The Relationship Between Recession Economics And Pharmaceutical Expenditures, Kevin Gray

Annual Undergraduate Conference on Health and Society

The first decade of the 21st century proved to be a time of turbulence and volatility in the worldwide economy. Oddly enough, even as Americans’ disposable income decreased, spending on health care steadily increased. Americans spent $249.9 billion on prescription drugs in 2009, contrasted against $120.9 billion in 2000—a 105% increase.1 We may question the overall ramifications of such increases in pharmaceutical sales and the correlation to other economic factors. That is, how was the pharmaceutical sector able to boast gains when the housing market collapsed? One answer is that people place a priority on their health, even with limited …

Chain Community Pharmacists' Willingness, Attitudes, And Barriers In Providing Self-Care Medication And Supplement Recommendations, Clark Kebodeaux, William M. Grise, Brooke Hudspeth, Holly Divine

Pharmacy Practice and Science Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Pharmacists are commonly called on as the first resource for patients when selecting an appropriate self-care medication or supplement. This study examines pharmacists’ over-the-counter (OTC) recommendations in the chain community pharmacy setting in the United States.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to assess chain community pharmacists’ willingness and attitudes to provide self-care recommendations to patients and to identify chain community pharmacists’ barriers to making OTC medication and supplement recommendations.

METHODS: An anonymous survey was created to identify pharmacists’ attitudes and their willingness to perform these recommendations. The questionnaire included specific questions to identify barriers that exist to …

Antioxidant, Antimicrobial Properties And Phenolics Of Different Solvent Extracts From Bark, Leaves And Seeds Of Pongamia Pinnata (L.) Pierre, Zahid Iqbal Sajid, Farooq Anwar, Ghulam Shabir, Ghulam Rasul, Khalid M. Alkharfy, Anwarul Hassan Gilani

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

This study appraises the antioxidant and antimicrobial attributes of various solvent extracts (absolute methanol, aqueous methanol, absolute ethanol, aqueous ethanol, absolute acetone, aqueous acetone, and deionized water) from bark, leaves and seeds of Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre. Maximum extraction yield of antioxidant components from bark (16.31%), leaves (11.42%) and seeds (21.51%) of P. pinnata was obtained using aqueous methanol (20:80). Of the extracts tested, the bark extract, obtained with aqueous methanol, exhibited greater levels of total phenolics [6.94 g GAE/100 g dry weight (DW)], total flavonoids (3.44 g CE/100 g DW), inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation (69.23%) and DPPH radical …

A Cellular Automata Model Of Enantiomer Interactions With Beta-Cyclodextrin, Desoi Darren

Theses and Dissertations

The binding mechanisms of molecules to cyclodextrins continues to be studied to better explain the interactions occurring. The majority of published models focus on one-to-one molecular binding thermodynamics to explain experimental results. They rely on physical concepts of energies and forces to guide the actions of molecules expressed mathematically in terms of differential and non-linear equations. These models are limited in scope due to their complexity and are not easily expanded to study many diverse analytes. Conversely, cellular automata uses simple mathematical idealizations of systems governed by deterministic and probabilistic rules that are easily adaptable to many types of molecular …

Reactive Oxygen Species And Mitochondrial Sensitivity To Oxidative Stress Determine Induction Of Cancer Cell Death By P21, Ionica Masgras, Samantha Carrera, Petra J. De Verdier, Paul Brennan, Aneela Majid, Wan Makhtar, Eugene Tulchinsky, George D. Jones, Igor Roninson, Salvador Macip

Faculty Publications

p21(Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1) is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor that mediates cell cycle arrest. Prolonged p21 up-regulation induces a senescent phenotype in normal and cancer cells, accompanied by an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, it has been shown recently that p21 expression can also lead to cell death in certain models. The mechanisms involved in this process are not fully understood. Here, we describe an induction of apoptosis by p21 in sarcoma cell lines that is p53-independent and can be ameliorated with antioxidants. Similar levels of p21 and ROS caused senescence in the absence of significant death in other cancer …

The American Psychiatric Association’S Guideline For Major Depressive Disorder: A Commentary, Lisa Cosgrove, Allen F. Shaughnessy, Emily E. Wheeler, Kirsten E. Austad, Irving Kirsch, Harold J. Bursztajn

Counseling, School Psychology & Sport Faculty Publication Series

The American Psychiatric Association (APA) published a new guideline for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) which will undoubtedly be used by many practitioners to guide clinical decision-making. In fact, it is non-psychiatrist clinicians who prescribe the majority of antidepressants (AD). We review the APA’s most recent guideline on MDD and report on our observations.

A Comparison Of Dsm-Iv And Dsm-5 Panel Members’ Financial Associations With Industry: A Pernicious Problem Persists, Lisa Cosgrove, Sheldon Krimsky

Counseling, School Psychology & Sport Faculty Publication Series

All medical subspecialties have been subject to increased scrutiny about the ways by which their financial associations with industry, such as pharmaceutical companies, may influence, or give the appearance of influencing, recommendations in review articles and clinical practice guidelines. Psychiatry has been at the epicenter of these concerns, in part because of high-profile cases involving ghostwriting and failure to report industry-related income, and studies highlighting conflicts of interest in promoting psychotropic drugs. The revised Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), scheduled for publication in May 2013 by the American Psychiatric Association (APA), has created a firestorm of controversy …

Species And Tissue-Specificity Of Prokinetic, Laxative And Spasmodic Effects Of Fumaria Parviflora, Najeeb-Ur-Rehman, Malik Hassan Mehmood, Adnan J. Al-Rehaily, Ramzi A. A. Mothana, Anwar H. Gilani

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Background: Fumaria parviflora Linn. (Fumariaceae), is a small branched annual herb found in many parts of the world including Saudi Arabia and Pakistan. This study was designed to provide pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Fumaria parviflora in gut motility disorders. Methods: The in-vivo prokinetic and laxative assays were conducted in mice. Isolated intestinal preparations (ileum and jejunum) from different animal species (mouse, guinea-pig and rabbit) were separately suspended in tissue baths containing Tyrode's solution bubbled with carbogen and maintained at 37 degrees C. The spasmogenic responses were recorded using isotonic transducers coupled with PowerLab data acquisition system. Results: …

Comparative Tuberculosis (Tb) Prevention Effectiveness In Children Of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (Bcg) Vaccines From Different Sources, Kazakhstan, Michael Favorov, Mohammad Ali, Aigul Tursunbayeva, Indira Aitmagambetova, Paul Kilgore, Shakhimurat Ismailov, Terence Chorba

Department of Pharmacy Practice

Background: Except during a 1-year period when BCG vaccine was not routinely administered, annual coverage of infants with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in Kazakhstan since 2002 has exceeded 95%. BCG preparations from different sources (Japan, Serbia, and Russia) or none were used exclusively in comparable 7-month time-frames, September through March, in 4 successive years beginning in 2002. Our objective was to assess relative effectiveness of BCG immunization.

Methods/Findings: We compared outcomes of birth cohorts from the 4 time-frames retrospectively. Three cohorts received vaccine from one of three manufacturers exclusively, and one cohort was not vaccinated. Cohorts were followed for 3 years …

Phosphatidylserine Colocalizes With Epichromatin In Interphase Nuclei And Mitotic Chromosomes, Igor Prudovsky, Calvin P.H. Vary, Yolanda Markaki, Ada L. Olins, Donald E. Olins

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Cycling eukaryotic cells rapidly re-establish the nuclear envelope and internal architecture following mitosis. Studies with a specific anti-nucleosome antibody recently demonstrated that the surface (“epichromatin”) of interphase and mitotic chromatin possesses a unique and conserved conformation, suggesting a role in postmitotic nuclear reformation. Here we present evidence showing that the anionic glycerophospholipid phosphatidylserine is specifically located in epichromatin throughout the cell cycle and is associated with nucleosome core histones. This suggests that chromatin bound phosphatidylserine may function as a nucleation site for the binding of ER and re-establishment of the nuclear envelope.

Inhibition Of Adhesion And Invasion Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa To Lung Epithelial Cells: A Model Of Cystic Fibrosis Infection, Ayman Noreddin, Ghada Sawy, Walid Elkhatib, Ehab Noreddin, Atef Shibl

Pharmacy Faculty Books and Book Chapters

"Over their life time, CF patients experience multiple infections by various pneumoniacausing bacteria [6]. With more patients surviving to adulthood, chronic infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa are coming to the forefront as a leading cause of death [7]. Problems presented by infected CF lung are multi-dimensional; the electrolyte balance and pH of the fluids are abnormal. The mucus is thick and of an alternative composition compared to normal lung and may contribute to colonization with Pseudomonas aeruginosa [2, 3, 5]. As such, research is multi-pronged and includes gene therapy to correct the defective protein, amelioration of inflammatory response and thinning of …

Compounding Vs Standardized Commercial Parenteral Nutrition Product: Pros And Cons, Jane M. Gervasio

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Standardized commercial parenteral nutrition (PN) formulations have advantages and disadvantages as compared with PN formulations compounded using an automated compounding device. These advantages and disadvantages are discussed along with the supporting available research.

A Novel Experimental Scheme To Fully Separate Permethylated Glycans And Allow Online Rp-Lc-Ms With Simplified Esi-Ms Analysis, Jesse Hines, Shujuan Tao, Ron Orlando, Stacy D. Brown

ETSU Faculty Works

Abstract available for download.

Spring 2012, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

The Sig

The Sig Newsletter from the Southwestern Oklahoma State University College of Pharmacy - Spring 2012

Pharmacy Newsletter : March 2012, Pharmacy Department

Department of Pharmacy Archives

Content:

• ‘Warfarin’ – High Alert Medication Policy Update
• Rational use of Antibiotics 2011 – a Snapshot
• Pharmacist Interventions – Curbing Potential Prescribing Errors
• Reporting Adverse Drug Reactions - An Important Tool for Patient Safety!
• Drug Safety Updates

Implementing A Substances Of Abuse Outreach Program In The Rochester City School District., R L. Jarbe, N M. Piette, Chirag Dave, Amy L. Parkhill, Melinda E. Lull, Jennifer Mathews

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Objective: This program aims to provide substances of abuse education to local high school students.

Methods: An outreach program, modeled after the National Institute on Drug Abuse instructional materials, was developed by student pharmacists and faculty for delivery to the Rochester City School District. Strict regulations prevented admittance into any classrooms until the program was presented to all health teachers at a district-wide meeting. Approval was given to begin working in the classrooms in April 2011. The program was first adopted in two health education classes at Edison Tech (May 2011). Information was presented to students using lecture, small group …

Environmental Toxins Linked To Neurodegeneration And Autism Activate The Brain’S Immune System, J. L. Hill, C. Teijelo, H. M. To, A. Meyer, E. S. Micca, N. Vaughn, Melinda E. Lull

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Microglia are the primary immune cells of the central nervous system and become activated in response to noxious stimuli, leading to a cycle of inflammation and cell death that has been implicated in the development of Parkinson’s disease and autism. This study examines the effects of environmental toxins, at levels commonly found in humans, on microglial cell survival and activation. The toxins used in this study include polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants, the food additive propionic acid (PPA), and the organochlorine pesticide dieldrin. These chemicals have been linked to neuronal damage, although their effects on microglial cells have not …

Use Of Parthenolide Derivatives As Antileukemic And Cytotoxic Agents, Peter A. Crooks, Craig T. Jordan, Xiaochen Wei

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

To view this abstract, please download this patent.

Anti-Malarial Activity Of Geldanamycin Derivatives In Mice Infected With Plasmodium Yoelii, Rubul Mout, Zhi-Dong Xu, Angela Kh Wolf, Vincent J. Davisson, Gotam K. Jarori

Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology Faculty Publications

Background

Geldanamycin (GA), a benzoquinone ansamycin antibiotic has been shown in vitro to possess anti-plasmodial activity. Pharmacological activity of this drug is attributed to its ability to inhibit PfHSP90. The parasite growth arrest has been shown to be due to drug-induced blockage of the transition from ring to trophozoite stage. To further evaluate the consequences of this pharmacodyamic feature, the anti-malarial activity of GA analogs with enhanced drug properties in a Plasmodium-infected animal model have been evaluated for their capacity to induce clearance of the parasite. In the process, a hypothesis was subsequently tested regarding the susceptibility of the …

Aluminum In Food – The Nature And Contribution Of Food Additives, Robert A. Yokel

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.