Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Commons^™

Mono Quaternary Ammonium Salts And Methods For Modulating Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors, Peter A. Crooks, Linda P. Dwoskin, Guangrong Zheng, Sangeetha Sumithran, Zhenfa Zheng

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

Provided are monoquaternary ammonium compounds which are modulators of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Also provided are methods of using the compounds for modulating the function of a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, and for the prevention and/or treatment of central nervous system disorders, substance use and/or abuse, and or gastrointestinal tract disorders.

Thymidylate Synthase Genotype-Directed Chemotherapy For Patients With Gastric And Gastroesophageal Junction Cancers, Laura W. Goff, Nilay Thakkar, Liping Du, Emily Chan, Benjamin R. Tan, Dana B. Cardin, Howard L. Mcleod, Jordan D. Berlin, Barbara Zehnbauer, Chloe Fournier, Joel Picus, Andrea Wang-Gillam, Wooin Lee, A. Craig Lockhart

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Retrospective studies indicate associations between TSER (thymidylate synthase enhancer region) genotypes and clinical outcomes in patients receiving 5-FU based chemotherapy, but well-controlled prospective validation has been lacking.

METHODS: In this phase II study (NCT00515216 registered through ClinicalTrials.gov, http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00515216), patients with "good risk" TSER genotypes (at least one TSER*2 allele) were treated with FOLFOX chemotherapy to determine whether prospective patient selection can improve overall response rates (ORR) in patients with gastric and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancers, compared with historical outcomes in unselected patients (estimated 43%).

RESULTS: The ORR in genotype-selected patients was 39.1% (9 partial responses out …

Medication Adherence Behaviors Of Medicare Beneficiaries, Sian M. Carr-Lopez, Allen Shek, Janine Lastimosa, Rajul A. Patel, Joseph A. Woelfel, Suzanne M. Galal, Berit Gundersen

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

Background: Medication adherence is crucial for positive outcomes in the management of chronic conditions. Comprehensive medication consultation can improve medication adherence by addressing intentional and unintentional nonadherence. The Medicare Part D prescription drug benefit has eliminated some cost barriers. We sought to examine variables that impact self-reported medication adherence behaviors in an ambulatory Medicare-beneficiary population and to identify the factors that influence what information is provided during a pharmacist consultation.Methods: Medicare beneficiaries who attended health fairs in northern California were offered medication therapy management (MTM) services during which demographic, social, and health information, and responses to survey questions regarding adherence …

The Effect Of Pomegranate Juice Extract On The Hedgehog Signaling Pathway In Pancreatic Cancer, Veronica Gomez, Talia Shackelford, Autumn Tocchi, Melissa Rowland-Goldsmith

e-Research: A Journal of Undergraduate Work

Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States. There have been several reports indicating that phytochemicals in fruits can reduce the risk of cancer due to the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the polyphenols. Our lab has shown that pomegranate juice extract (PJE) has anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in human pancreatic cancer cells. In the past, we have shown that cells adhere more strongly to the plate when treated with PJE. This observation prompted an investigation of how PJE regulates cell adhesion proteins. Previously, our lab investigated E-cadherin, a cell adhesion protein. Upon activation …

High-Activity Mutants Of Butyrylcholinesterase For Cocaine Hydrolysis And Method Of Generating The Same, Chang-Guo Zhan, Hoon Cho, Hsin-Hsiung Tai

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

A novel computational method and generation of mutant butyrylcholinesterase for cocaine hydrolysis is provided. The method includes molecular modeling a possible BChE mutant and conducting molecular dynamics simulations and hybrid quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical calculations thereby providing a screening method of possible BChE mutants by predicting which mutant will lead to a more stable transition state for a rate determining step. Site-directed mutagenesis, protein expression, and protein activity is conducted for mutants determined computationally as being good candidates for possible BChE mutants, i.e., ones predicted to have higher catalytic efficiency as compared with wild-type BChE. In addition, mutants A199S/A328W/Y332G, A199S/F227A/A328W/Y332G, A199S/S287G/A328W/Y332G, …

Safe Methods For Storage And Disposal Of Medicines, Timothy Cheum, Kejal Patel, Rodney Richmond

Faculty Research ​and Publications

No abstract provided.

Ho-1 Upregulation Attenuates Adipocyte Dysfunction, Obesity, And Isoprostane Levels In Mice Fed High Fructose Diets, Zeid Khitan, Mohit Harsh, Komal Sodhi, Joseph I. Shapiro Md, Nader G. Abraham

Pharmaceutical Science and Research

Background. Fructose metabolism is an unregulated metabolic pathway and excessive fructose consumption is known to activate ROS.HO-1 is a potent antioxidant gene that plays a key role in decreasing ROS and isoprostanes.We examinedwhether the fructosemediated increase in adipocyte dysfunction involves an increase in isoprostanes and that pharmacological induction ofHO-1would decrease both isoprostane levels and adipogenesis. Methods and Results. We examined the effect of fructose, on adipogenesis in human MSCs in the presence and absence of CoPP, an inducer of HO-1. Fructose increased adipogenesis and the number of large lipid droplets while decreasing the number of small lipid droplets (𝑃 < 0.05). Levels of heme and isoprostane in fructose treated MSC-derived adipocytes were increased. CoPP reversed these effects andmarkedly increasedHO-1 and theWnt signaling pathway. Thehigh fructose diet increased heme levels in adipose tissue and increased circulating isoprostane levels (𝑃 < 0.05 versus control). Fructose diets decreasedHO-1 and adiponectin levels in adipose tissue. Induction ofHO-1 by CoPP decreased isoprostane synthesis (𝑃 < 0.05 versus fructose). Conclusion. Fructose treatment resulted in increased isoprostane production and adipocyte dysfunction, which was reversed by the increased expression of HO-1.

Alternative Reaction Pathways To Metformin Hydrochloride, Mohammed S. Suleiman, Stephen A. Reeves, Jorge E. Gatica

Undergraduate Research Posters 2014

Metformin Hydrochloride is an important pharmaceutical used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The current manufacturing of this product involves a well-known and proven process. The process includes the dissolution and reaction, followed by the precipitation of Metformin Hydrochloride. Although reliable and effective, the current process relies on the use of a solvent; which later needs to be eliminated from the precipitates. The purpose of this project is the investigation of an alternative reaction pathway which will avoid the use of solvents and simplify the final purification stage. The anticipated benefits include reduced costs for the processing and a …

Synthesis, Characterization, And Bioactivity Of Carboxylic Acid-Functionalized Titanium Dioxide Nanobelts, Raymond F. Hamilton, Nianqiang Wu, Chengcheng Xiang, Ming Li, Feng Yang, Michael Wolfarth, Dale W. Porter, Andrij Holian

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Background: Surface modification strategies to reduce engineered nanomaterial (ENM) bioactivity have been used successfully in carbon nanotubes. This study examined the toxicity and inflammatory potential for two surface modifications (humic acid and carboxylation) on titanium nanobelts (TNB).

Methods: The in vitro exposure models include C57BL/6 alveolar macrophages (AM) and transformed human THP-1 cells exposed to TNB for 24 hrs in culture. Cell death and NLRP3 inflammasome activation (IL-1β release) were monitored. Short term (4 and 24 hr) in vivo studies in C57BL/6, BALB/c and IL-1R null mice evaluated inflammation and cytokine release, and cytokine release from ex vivo cultured AM. …

Inhibition Of The Thioesterase Activity Of Human Fatty Acid Synthase By 1,4- And 9,10-Diones, Herman H. Odens

Faculty Works

Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is the enzyme that synthesizes fatty acids de novo in human cells. Although FASN is generally expressed at low levels in most normal tissues, its expression is highly upregulated in many cancers. Consistent with this notion, inhibition of FASN activity has demonstrated potential to halt proliferation and induce cell death in vitro and to block tumor growth in vivo. Consequently, FASN is widely recognized as a valuable therapeutic target. In this report, we describe a variety of 1,4-quinones and 9,10- anthraquinones, including several natural compounds and some newly synthesized compounds, that potently inhibit the thioesterase (TE) …

Clinical Use Of Rivaroxaban: Pharmacokinetic And Pharmacodynamic Rationale For Dosing Regimens In Different Indications., Toby Trujillo, Paul P. Dobesh

Journal Articles: Pharmacy Practice

Target-specific oral anticoagulants have become increasingly available as alternatives to traditional agents for the management of a number of thromboembolic disorders. To date, the direct Factor Xa inhibitor rivaroxaban is the most widely approved of the new agents. The dosing of rivaroxaban varies and adheres to specific schedules in each of the clinical settings in which it has been investigated. These regimens were devised based on the results of phase II dose-finding studies and/or pharmacokinetic modeling, and were demonstrated to be successful in randomized, phase III studies. In most cases, the pharmacodynamic profile of rivaroxaban permits once-daily dosing. A once-daily …

Pharmacy Newsletter : September 2014, Pharmacy Department

Department of Pharmacy Archives

Content:

• Pharmacy managed Polio immunization services
• FDA Pharmacy News Flash
• New weapons against MRSA
• Pencillin allergy and cross reactivity among beta lactams
• Inhales at Aga Khan University Hospital pharmacy services
• Proud to report

Student Self-Screening For Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (Mrsa) Nasal Colonization In Hand Hygiene Education, Tia Lum, Kristin F. Picardo, Theresa Westbay, Amber Barnello, Lynn Fine, Jill Lavigne

Doctoral External Publications

Objective. To determine the feasibility and effectiveness of adding a hand hygiene exercise in self-screening for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) nasal colonization to a health care delivery course for first-year pharmacy (P1) students.

Design. About one month after students were trained in hand hygiene technique and indications, faculty members demonstrated how to self-screen for MRSA nasal colonization. Students were then asked to screen themselves during the required class time. Aggregated class results were shared and compared to prevalence estimates for the general population and health care providers.

Assessment. The 71 students present in class on the day of the self-screening …

Assessment Of Resident And Faculty Preferences For Clinical Pharmacy Services Within A Developing Family Medicine Residency Program, Kerry Haney

University Grant Program Reports

No abstract provided.

Investigating Propargyl-Linked Antifolates In Inhibiting Bacterial And Fungal Dihydrofolate Reductase, Joshua Andrade

Honors Scholar Theses

Antimicrobial agents have been invaluable in reducing illness and death associated with bacterial infection. However, over time, bacteria have evolved resistance to all major drug classes as a result of selective pressure. The advancement of new drug compounds is therefore vital. The Anderson-Wright Lab has focused on developing potent and selective inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), an enzyme key in cell proliferation and survival, in several pathogenic species. The lab has found that a set of compounds, known as propargyl-linked antifolates, are DHFR inhibitors that are both biologically effective and have strong pharmacokinetic properties.

The efficacy of novel propargyl-linked antifolates …

Potensi Pemanfaatan Nigella Sativa L. Sebagaiimunomodulator Dan Antiinflamasi, Farida Sulistiawati, Maksum Radji

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Nigella sativa L. has long been used as an herbal medicine in some countries, particularly in the Middle East and in other Asian countries, including in Indonesia. One component is a protein compound extracted from black cumin oil residues, known to have efficacy to enhance the immune system and as an anti-inflammatory. As the compound will be degraded when administered orally, the research on its delivery systems, is interesting to be developed. This article will review about the prospects of their utilization and strategy formulation that preparation can be delivered orally.

Efek Ekstrak Etanol Daun Premna Cordifolia Terhadap Malondialdehida Tikus Yang Dipapar Asap Rokok, Asri Adyttia, Eka Kartika Untari, Sri Wahdaningsih

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Free radical from cigarrete smoke cause lipid peroxidation that could be identified by increasing levels of Malondialdehida (MDA). Premna cordifolia leaves known having antioxidant activity in in vitro study. This study aimed to know the effect of P. cordifolia leaves extract on the levels of MDA after exposure to cigarette smoke. The simplicia extracted by maseration using 70% ethanol. Twenty four male wistar rats were divided into six groups, i.e. : control normal, negative control, positive control received cigarette smoke exposure and vitamin E (18mg/kg BW) and three groups received cigarette smoke exposure and P. cordifolia leaves extract with doses …

Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Metanol Bunga Dan Daun Patikala (Etlingera Elatior (Jack) R.M.Sm) Menggunakan Metode Dpph, Virsa Handayani, Aktsar Roskiana Ahmad, Miswati Sudir

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Patikala (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M.Sm) is a plant of the Zingiberaceae family. Patikala (E. elatior (Jack) R.M.Sm) have bioactive compounds are flavonoids that act as antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to measure free radical activity in the methanol extract of the fruit and leaves Patikala (E. elatior (Jack) R.M.Sm). Extraction of flowers and leaf samples by maceration method using methanol. Qualitative analysis of chemical compounds with certain eluent using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) to determine the group of active compounds in the extract. Antioxidant activity assay using the immersion method of DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl Hidrazil) measured absorption at a …

Aktivitas Penghentian Pendarahan Luar Ekstrak Etanol Daun Berenuk (Crescentia Cujete L) Secara In-Vivo, Anjar Mahardian Kusuma, Adri Nurrakhmat Sulistyo, Susanti Susanti, Sabikis Sabikis

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Crescenti cujete L. or better known as calabash is a plant that thrives in Indonesia. Calabash has a great potential as an herbal remedy, but there is only some scientific research conducted on this plant, one of which is antibacterial against Bacillus subtilis and Escerichia coli on 2006 by Susanti. The method in this research was an experimental activities of the cessation external bleeding with 3 dose variation of calabash leaf extract 80%, 60%, and 40% by counting the bleeding time at base of the tail in mice. As a result, all groups of external bleeding cessation activities have better …

Uji Efek Antiinflamasi Fraksi Air Daun Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria Macrocarpa (Shecff.) Boerl.) Terhadap Tikus Putih (Rattus Norvegicus L.), Aprilita Rina Yanti Eff, Ema Dewanti, Melisha Adelina H

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Inflammation occurs as the attempt of body to inactivate organisms that attack the body, removing irritants and regulate tissue repair. One of the medicinal plants used empirically as antiinflammation is the leaf of Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Schecff.) Boerl). This study investigated the effect of anti-inflammatory water fraction of leaf Mahkota Dewa using oedema induction method with caragenin in rat. Water fraction of Mahkota Dewa was given at the dose 0.5 g/kg BW ,1 g/kg BW and 2 g/kg BW. Sodium diclofenac was used as a positive control and CMC as negative control. The result showed water fractions of three …