Other Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Commons^™

Gauging Interest In An Elective Course To Further Careers In Healthcare Academia, Karielle Shaffery

ONU Student Research Colloquium

There has been continuous growth in the number of pharmacy schools, which has led to an expanded need for pharmacy faculty members. Although there is a recognized and unmet need for such faculty, the topic of pharmacy academia is sparsely addressed in pharmacy programs. Integrating students in an elective teaching course during their didactic education, prior to determination of their career path, could inspire more students to take on the role of an educator. Ideally, allowing students to have first-hand experience in academia focused activities and exposing them to the responsibilities of an academician could peak interest in this area. …

The Urban/Rural Divide In Access To Medication-Assisted Treatment For Opioid Use Disorder In Utah, Debasree Dasgupta, Erin Fanning Madden, Sandra H. Sulzer, Timothy Light, Michelle Chapoose, Suzanne Prevedel

All Current Publications

Death by drug poisoning is the leading cause of death due to injury in the state of Utah (UDOH, 2014). From 2013-2015, Utah ranked seventh in the nation for drug overdose deaths, the majority of which were opioid-related (CDC, 2018a). In 2017, the age-adjusted mortality rate from drug overdose in Utah was 15.5 per 100,000, putting the state above the national average of 14.9 per 100,000 (CDC, 2018b). Opioid overdose death rates in most of rural Utah far exceeds rates across the urban counties of the state. The higher rates of deaths in rural Utah is indeed concerning. Evidence indicates …

The Pediatric Anti-Viral Immune Response Impairs Neural Stem/Progenitor Cell Activity, Yashika Kamte, Manisha N. Chandwani, Lauren A. O'Donnell

Graduate Student Research Symposium

The neuropathological outcomes of a viral infection in the brain are often age-dependent. Infection of the immature CNS can lead to impairment of neural/stem progenitor cell (NSPCs) activity. NSPCs are multi-potent progenitor cells of the CNS and are responsible for populating the brain with neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes during development. Viral infections may alter NSPC activity via two mechanisms; directly by infection of the NSPC or indirectly due to the anti-viral immune response. Here, we examined the impact of a neurotropic infection on NSPC activity in pediatric mice (postnatal day 10), where brain and immune system development is ongoing. In …

Influenza Vaccination Coverage In Pediatric Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Kelly Brown

Senior Theses

Background: Children with chronic health conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), are at especially high risk for influenza infection and complications. The Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation and American College of Gastroenterology recommend that IBD patients should receive annual influenza vaccination. The aims of this study were to evaluate influenza vaccination coverage over time and identify predictors of flu vaccination in pediatric IBD and non-IBD patients.

Methods: We utilized longitudinal data (2000 to 2016) from South Carolina Medicaid to conduct a matched cohort study. The primary exposure of interest was IBD diagnosis based upon ICD-9/10 diagnosis codes. Children with IBD were …

Augmenting The Access And Involvement Of Student Pharmacists In Research Opportunities Through Engaging Programming At An Academic Institution, Samantha Gruber

Honors Capstone Enhancement Presentations

A research study completed by Kritikos et al. investigated student pharmacists and their characteristics in order to find a relationship with their views of research and attitudes towards pharmacy practice research. The study also recognized perceived barriers to pursuing or completing pharmacy practice research and identified ways that pharmacy educators could promote research interest in pharmacy practice. The research study concluded that student pharmacists perceive a lack of awareness of the needs, benefits, and career opportunities associated with pharmacy practice research. In addition, the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) mentions in section 6.3 of the 2016 Standards that PharmD …

Epi-Pens: Honors Capstone Enhancement, Chelsey Boecker

Honors Capstone Enhancement Presentations

No abstract provided.

Cd44 Receptor Mediates Urate Crystal Phagocytosis By Macrophages And Regulates Inflammation In A Murine Peritoneal Model Of Acute Gout, Emira Bousoik, Marwa Qadri, Khaled A. Elsaid

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Gout is a chronic arthritis caused by the deposition of poorly soluble monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU) crystals in peripheral joints. Resident macrophages initiate inflammation in response to MSU mediated by NF-κB nuclear translocation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. We investigated the role of CD44, a transmembrane receptor, in mediating MSU phagocytosis by macrophages. We used an antibody that sheds the extracellular domain (ECD) of CD44 to study the role of the receptor and its associated protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) in macrophage activation. We also studied the significance of CD44 in mediating MSU inflammation in-vivo. Cd44^−/− BMDMs showed reduced MSU …

Covid-19 Vaccination Clinical Trials Should Consider Multiple Doses Of Bcg, Bassam M. Ayoub

Pharmacy

Vaccine repositioning is a hot research topic as an alternative to the traditional vaccine approach, which is a costly and time-consuming process due to the availability of previous safety and toxicology data. Multiple-dose BCG vaccine repurposing for COVID-19 will be an uprising breakthrough of vaccine discovery with safer outcomes. BCG induces cross-protection that might not be related to the target disease as innate immune cells, including monocytes and natural killer cells, contribute to this immune protection as known as “trained immunity” (Covián et al. 2019). BCG had multifaceted protection against TB, leprosy, and heterogeneous pathogens (Yamazaki-Nakashimada et al. 2020). Moreover, …

Pcsk9 Inhibitors In Secondary Prevention – An Opportunity For Personalized Therapy, Chase Board, Michael S. Kelly, Michael D. Shapiro, Dave L. Dixon

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is the primary cause of ASCVD and reducing LDL-C levels with statin therapy significantly reduces ASCVD risk; however, significant residual risk remains. Two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), alirocumab and evolocumab, that target proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin-type 9 (PCSK9), reduce LDL-C levels by up to 60% when used in combination with statins and significantly reduce the risk of recurrent ASCVD events in both stable secondary prevention and acute coronary syndrome populations. Pre-specified analyses of recent randomized controlled trials have shed light on how best to prioritize these therapies …

Tobacco/Hiv-1-Induced Myeloid Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles In Hiv-1 Pathogenesis, Sanjana Haque

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Introduction. Smoking, which is highly prevalent in people living with HIV/AIDS, has been shown to exacerbate HIV-1 replication, in part via cytochrome P450 (CYP)-induced oxidative stress. CYP enzymes metabolize cigarette smoke condensate (CSC), causing oxidative stress and cytotoxicity. Our previous studies have demonstrated that CSC and specific CSC constituents, benzo(a)pyrene and nicotine, potentially induce CYPs, resulting in higher oxidative stress and subsequent exacerbation of HIV-1 replication in monocytes and macrophages. However, the exact mechanism behind tobacco-induced, oxidative stress-mediated enhancement of HIV-1 replication is still poorly understood. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have recently gained attention for their unique nature as intercellular messengers …

Demarcation Of Sepsis-Induced Peripheral And Central Acidosis With Ph (Low) Insertion Cycle Peptide, Kelly E. Henry, Aisling M. Chaney, Veronica L. Nagle, Haley C. Cropper, Saghar Mozaffari, Chip Slaybaugh, Keykavous Parang, Oleg A. Andreev, Yana K. Reshetnyak, Michelle L. James, Jason S. Lewis

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Acidosis is a key driver for many diseases, including cancer, sepsis, and stroke. The spatiotemporal dynamics of dysregulated pH across disease remain elusive, and current diagnostic strategies do not provide localization of pH alterations. We sought to explore if PET imaging using hydrophobic cyclic peptides that partition into the cellular membrane at low extracellular pH (denoted as pH [low] insertion cycles, or pHLIC) can permit accurate in vivo visualization of acidosis. Methods: Acid-sensitive cyclic peptide c[E₄W₅C] pHLIC was conjugated to bifunctional maleimide-NO2A and radiolabeled with ⁶⁴Cu (half-life, 12.7 h). C57BL/6J mice were administered lipopolysaccharide (15 …

Antiproliferative And Apoptotic Effects Of Proteins From Black Seeds (Nigella Sativa) On Human Breast Mcf-7 Cancer Cell Line, Yamna Khursid, Basir Syed, Shabana U. Simjee, Obaid Beg, Aftab Ahmed

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Background

Nigella sativa (NS), a member of family Ranunculaceae is commonly known as black seed or kalonji. It has been well studied for its therapeutic role in various diseases, particularly cancer. Literature is full of bioactive compounds from NS seed. However, fewer studies have been reported on the pharmacological activity of proteins. The current study was designed to evaluate the anticancer property of NS seed proteins on the MCF-7 cell line.

Methods

NS seed extract was prepared in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and proteins were precipitated using 80% ammonium sulfate. The crude seed proteins were partially purified using gel filtration …

Evaluation Of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia Antibody Laboratory Use And Anticoagulation Prescribing Patterns, Piper Swanson, Jesse Greenlee, Gregory Schaefer, Paul Huiras

Pharmacy Posters

Introduction

• Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a rare adverse reaction
• Calculating a 4T score prior to ordering a heparin-PF4 immunoassay is recommended. For a score < 4, HIT probability is low and an assay is not advised
• If high suspicion of HIT (4T greater than or equal to 4), an assay should be ordered, all heparin products discontinued, and a non-heparin anticoagulant initiated.

Purpose

• Determine if heparin immunoassay ordering was indicted according to retrospective 4T score
• Assess anticoagulation prescribing depending on the result of the assay
• Serve as a pre-group for a planned perverse post-HIT order set implementation analysis

Oil/Water Nanoemulsion Biodistribution In Mice Upon Intravenous Administration, Jiayi Chen

Theses and Dissertations

The present study aimed to explore the biodistribution of O/W nanoemulsions (NE) upon intravenous administration. Three NEs were prepared with distinctive droplet sizes: SE (29 ± 1 nm), ME (214 ± 2 nm) and LE (883 ± 16 nm) without overlapping of the size distribution. Kolliphor® HS15 was used as the only surfactant for these three NEs, so that their droplets had similar surface structure. The NEs droplet size was stable under room temperature for minimum 3 days in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and in mice plasma in vitro for 4-hour at 37°C. A lipophilic fluorescent dye, 1, 1’-dioctadecyl-3, 3, …

Dalbavancin In The Community Emergency Department, Wesley Johnson

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

Introduction

Dalbavancin is an antibiotic within the class of medications known as lipoglycopeptides. This medication is given to patients presenting to the hospital with acute skin and skin-structure infections (ABSSSI). This is a unique medication because it is given as a one-time dose in the outpatient setting and it could prevent patients from requiring admission to the hospital.

Methods

The emergency department (ED) at Good Samaritan community hospital performed a trial period with dalbavancin and data was collected from November 2018 to March 2020. Retrospective chart review was performed to obtain patient data and outcomes. Patients would be contacted by …

Efficacy Of Cpap Compared To Standard Pharmacotherapy In Reducing Cognitive Impairment Symptoms In Patients With Alzheimer's Disease, Nicholas Moylan

Capstone Showcase

This review analyzed the following question: In adults age 65 years old or older diagnosed with Alzheimer’s Disease (P), is nightly use of CPAP (I) more effective in reducing cognitive impairment symptoms (O) than standard pharmacotherapy options (C)? A literature search conducted through Google Scholar and PubMed granted six relevant articles that provided data for this review. No current studies compared CPAP treatment with pharmacotherapy, and each study used unique measures of cognitive function, making direct comparison of the two therapies difficult. Results demonstrated that first line pharmacotherapy can improve cognitive function, but only in limited way and only in …

Oral Contraceptives As Possible Acl Injury Prevention Method, Haley Schweizer

Capstone Showcase

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries are an upsetting setback for many athletes that require a long and costly recovery process. The injury rates are four times greater in women than men. Preventative measures that help to prevent ACL injuries are limited to stretching and strengthening. Therefore, this review aims to investigate if oral contraceptive [I] usage provides a possible new avenue for prevention of ACL injury [O] in young female athletes (ages 18-30) [P] compared to those that do not take oral contraceptives [C].

Methods: A literature review was performed though PubMed, Google Scholar, SCOPUS Database, and ClinicalKey …

Producing Urban Aerobiological Risk Map For Cupressaceae Family In The Sw Iberian Peninsula From Lidar Technology, Raúl Pecero‐Casimiro, Santiago Fernández‐Rodríguez, Rafael Tormo‐Molina, Inmaculada Silva‐Palacios, Ángela Gonzalo‐Garijo, Alejandro Monroy‐Colín, Juan Francisco Coloma, José María Maya‐Manzano

Articles

Given the rise in the global population and the consequently high levels of pollution, urban green areas, such as those that include plants in the Cupressaceae family, are suitable to reduce the pollution levels, improving the air quality. However, some species with ornamental value are also very allergenic species whose planting should be regulated and their pollen production reduced by suitable pruning. The Aerobiological Index to create Risk maps for
Ornamental Trees (AIROT), in its previous version, already included parameters that other indexes did not consider, such as the width of the streets, the height of buildings and the geographical …

Epigenetic Regulation Of Drug Metabolizing Enzymes In Normal Aging, Mohamad M. Kronfol

Theses and Dissertations

Geriatric populations are at a higher risk for adverse drug reactions (ADRs). This may be partly due to changes in drug metabolism in old age, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Prior research in humans and mice has shown age-associated changes to the expression of several genes involved in drug metabolism. Furthermore, studies of human blood showed that epigenetic regulation of genes encoding drug metabolizing enzymes change with age. However, it is unknown if genes in the liver are similarly affected. Therefore, we hypothesize that genes encoding drug metabolizing enzymes may show differential epigenetic regulation in the liver with …

The Interplay Of Progestins, Matrix Metalloproteinases, And The Aging Brain, Keyana Nicole Porter

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Progestins are synthetic hormones that are designed to mimic the biological actions of progesterone. They, however, possess other pharmacological actions and properties, in addition to their progestational activities. Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (MPA) is a progestin used globally in the hormonal contraceptive, Depo Provera®, by women in their reproductive prime and is a major compound found in hormone therapy (HT) formulations used by menopausal women. MPA is used by approximately 1 in 5 adolescents and adult women in the United States who are sexually active. Globally, nearly 48 million women utilize injectable contraceptives to prevent pregnancy, with most users utilizing MPA as …