Natural Products Chemistry and Pharmacognosy Commons^™

Characterisation And Antibacterial Activity Of Green Tea Extract-Enriched Solid Goat’S Milk Soap, Uswatun Chasanah, Dian Ermawati, Dwi Putri Utami, Angela Nora Hayati

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Solid goat’s milk soap is organic and beneficial for the health and appearance of the skin. One of the components in green tea known to display antibacterial activities is epigallocatechin gallate (ECGC). In this study, the effects of solid goat’s milk soap containing 1%, 2%, and 4% green tea extract on the growth of Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis were examined. The soap was characterized for its organoleptic, pH, free fatty acid, alkalinity, water content, foam stability, and hardness. In addition, an in vitro antimicrobial test was performed utilising the well-diffusion method. The findings revealed that all the …

Formulation Of Pectin-Based Double Layer-Coated Tablets Containing Dexamethasone And Probiotics For Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Erny Sagita, Ronaldo Ongki Winata, Raditya Iswandana

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition in the colon that includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Dexamethasone is a steroid anti-inflammatory drug that can be used in IBD therapy. This study aims to obtain an optimum formulation of a dexamethasone drug delivery system for IBD treatment and to investigate its release profile based on an in vitro dissolution test. Dexamethasone was formulated as a double-coated tablet in combination with a probiotic L. acidophilus and B. longum mixture (1:1). The core tablets were produced using the wet granulation method, after which they were coated with pectin 4% b/v …

Antiproliferative Activity Of Philippine Marine Sediment-Derived Actinomycetes, Jon Ray M. Maglonzo, Edna M. Sabido, Cristina C. Salibay, Doralyn S. Dalisay, Jonel P. Saludes

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

The Philippine archipelago is rich in marine biodiversity and resources that are widely unexplored. Its marine sediments harbor marine microbes that possess secondary metabolites with potent bioactivities. This study aims to determine the antiproliferative activity of the crude extracts of selected Actinomycete isolates (DSD011, DSD017, and DSD042) from Islas de Gigantes, Carles, Iloilo. The antiproliferative screening was done using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model organism. Crude extracts of isolates that are active in inhibiting the growth of S. cerevisiae were determined using the broth microdilution method. Afterward, the active extract was tested using antiproliferative and budding yeast assays. With the …

Karafsin, A Unique Mono-Acylated Flavonoid Apiofurnoside From The Leaves Of Apium Graveolens Var. Secalinum Alef: In Vitro And In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Assessment, Noha Swilam, Mahmoud Nawwar, Eman Mostafa, Dalia Mostafa, Mai Ragab

Pharmacy

Celery ethanol extract (CEE) of leaves of Apium graveolens var. secalinum Alef, showed high phenolic content with significant antioxidant activity using DPPH and ORAC assay. Two unique unknown compounds, apigenin 7-O-mono-apiofuranoside and acylated flavonoid, 7-O- (5″-E-p-coumaroyl)-apiofuranside (karafsin) were identified in CEE for the first time by a full structural analysis, along with 6 known compounds. While karafsin significantly inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 by 42.52 ± 2.88 and 70.33 ± 2.97 % at 50 and 100 mg/mL and 5-lipoxygenase by 37.33 ± 2.87 and 75.77 ± 2.57 % at 50 and 100 mg/mL in raw macrophage cells challenged with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide, CEE …

Comparative Estimation Of The Cytotoxic Activity Of Different Parts Of Cynara Scolymus L.: Crude Extracts Versus Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles With Apoptotic Investigation, Shady Swidan, Amgad Khedr, Abdelaziz Farrag, Ali Nasr, Mohamed Nafie, Maged Abdel-Kader, Marwa Goda, Jihan Badr, Reda Abdelhameed

Pharmacy

Different parts of Cynara scolymus L. and their green synthesized eco-friendly silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were screened for their cytotoxicity and apoptotic activity. Results showed that flower extract AgNPs exhibited more potent cytotoxicity compared to the normal form against PC-3 and A549 cell lines with IC50 values of 2.47 μg/mL and 1.35 μg/mL, respectively. The results were compared to doxorubicin (IC50 = 5.13 and 6.19 μg/mL, respectively). For apoptosis-induction, AgNPs prepared from the flower extract induced cell death by apoptosis by 41.34-fold change and induced necrotic cell death by 10.2-fold. Additionally, they induced total prostate apoptotic cell death by a 16.18-fold …

Comparative Study Of High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography And Antioxidant Potential Of Hydrocotyle Asiatica Mother Tincture Used In Homoeopathy, Rakhi Mishra, Binit Kumar Dwivedi, Deepshikha Gupta

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Hydrocotyle asiatica has a therapeutic significance in the Indian system of medicine due to its rich antioxidant activity. In Homoeopathy, Hydrocotyle asiatica is used for the treatment of jaundice, skin diseases, dropsy, elephantiasis, leprosy, gonorrhea, leucorrhea, and nervous debility. It contains the abundant triterpene glycoside Asiatic acid which shows cytotoxic activity on cancer cells. Its homoeopathic mother tincture is a major source of antioxidant compounds, which is responsible for its overall pharmacological activity.

Objectives: This study was done to evaluate antioxidant activity and High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography study of Hydrocotyle asiatica in-house homoeopathic mother tincture and market samples. …

Silver Nanoparticles Formulation Of Flower Head’S Polyphenols Of Cynara Scolymus L.: A Promising Candidate Against Prostate (Pc-3) Cancer Cell Line Through Apoptosis Activation, Shady Swidan, Amgad Khedr, Marwa Goda, Abdelaziz Farrag, Ali Nasr, Mohamed Nafie, Maged Abdel-Kader, Jihan Badr, Reda Abdelhameed

Pharmacy

Cynara scolymus L. (Family: Compositae) or artichoke is a nutritious edible plant widely used for its hepatoprotective effect. Crude extracts of flower, bract, and stem were prepared and evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant activity and phenolic content. The flower crude extract exhibited the highest phenolic content (74.29 mg GAE/gm) as well as the best in vitro antioxidant activity using total antioxidant capacity (TAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FEAP), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhyazyl (DPPH) scavenging assays compared with ascorbic acid. Phenolic fractions of the crude extracts of different parts were separated and identified using high-performance liquid chromatography HPLC-DAD analysis. The silver nanoparticles …

Pharmacy Performance Based On Financial Perspective Before And During Covid-19 Pandemic : A Case Study, Eva Sartika Dasopang, Ida Fauziah, Fenny Hasanah, Desy Natalia Siahaan, Dina Yunisma Rasyida Lubis

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

A pharmacy, aside from being a pharmaceutical care provider is also a functioning business. Thus, in the scope of business, pharmacy performance can be analysed using liquidity, activity, and profitability ratios. This study aimed to determine the performance of Pharmacy X based on a financial perspective before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is a descriptive cross-sectional study that employed data obtained from sales and purchase records. The data were analysed using financial ratio analysis methods, including liquidity, activity, and profitability ratios. This study was conducted at Pharmacy X based on the amount of prescription and non-prescription income from …

Structural Elucidation And Toxicity Evaluation Of Bioactive Compounds From The Leaves And Stem Woods Of Synadenium Glaucescens Pax., David Credo, Faith Philemon Mabiki, Francis Machumi, Claus Cornett

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

The leaves and stem woods of Synadenium glaucescens Pax. are traditionally used for treatment of various human diseases in Tanzania. However, there is limited information on the structural elucidation and toxicity properties of bioactive compounds responsible for their pharmacological properties. Thus, this study was aimed to elucidate and evaluate toxicity properties of bioactive compounds from these parts. Separation of bioactive compounds was achieved by using column chromatographic method, whereas their structures were determined by GC-MS and NMR data and by comparing with literature spectroscopic data. Toxicity properties of isolated compounds was done by brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) method. In …

Discovery Of Sars-Cov-2 Rna-Dependent-Rna-Polymerase (Rdrp) Inhibitor From Sambiloto (Andrographis Paniculata) Based On Molecular Docking And Admet Prediction Approach, Dina Ahsana, Rizki Rahmadi Pratama, Alfisyahriatunnida Meily, Andika Andika

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

The rapid spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to the development of therapeutic inhibitor drug of SARS-CoV-2, which can inhibit the viral enzyme RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase (RdRp), thereby preventing the replication, transcription, and synthesis of RNA virus in the host cells. Previous in-vitro studies revealed that Andrographis paniculata has the potential to inhibit the virus. Therefore, this study aims to isolate the specific compounds of Andrographis paniculata, which play a role in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 RdRp using molecular docking. A total of 19 compounds were identified in previous literature studies, while remdesivir and favipiravir were used as the positive …

The Association Between Adherence To Oral Antihyperglycemic Agent And Hba1c Level, Indana Ayu Soraya, Rani Sauriasari, Pukovisa Prawiroharjo, Hindun Wilda Risni

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Adherence to taking medication is essential for patients with chronic diseases such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). There have been many studies about the association between medication adherence and HbA1c levels, but few have used Adherence Refills and Medications Scale (ARMS) questionnaire and Proportion of Days Covered (PDC) method to measure adherence in Indonesian population. The aim of this study were to assess the association of medication adherence to HbA1c levels and compare two methods of adherence measurements. This research was conducted at Pasar Minggu Public Health Center, Jakarta using a cross-sectional design. The adherence assessment was conducted using …

Phytochemical Screening And In-Vitro Α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity Analysis Of Ethanol Extract Of Mangifera Quadrifida, Fadilah Fadilah

Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics

Abstract

Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia caused by B cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, or both. Indonesia and worldwide have an increasing incidence that leads to a significant socio-economic burden. The effective treatment of Type 2 DM with minimal side effects is still challenging. This research aims to identify phytochemical properties in ethanol extract of Mangifera quadrifida and the effectivity as an alfa-glucosidase inhibitor beneficial to research on the treatment of type 2 DM.

Method: Mangifera quadrifida was extracted by ethanol as solvent. The phytochemical analysis is conducted by phytochemical screening methods and …

Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant And Anticancer Effects Of Clitoria Ternatae Extract On Breast T47d Cancer Cells, Ade Arsianti, Shahjahan Pasha Mahindra, Norma Nur Azizah, Ajeng Megawati Fajrin, Lince Dameria Nadapdap

Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common and deadly forms of cancer in the world. Cancer is a multi-factorial disease. Genetic factors, environment and lifestyle have a role in the development of cancer. One of the mechanisms of cancer development is when an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in the human body occurs. Uncontrolled and excessive amount of free radicals and cause cell damage and uncontrolled cell growth. Clitoria ternate is a plant that is often found in Asia and many of the benefits of this flower have been studied. This study aims to determine the phytochemical …

Increasing Rosella Farmers Capacity By Double Diamond Design Thinking Approach, Florence Pribadi, Muliasari Kartikawati, Juli Karijati Njoto, Nurul Illahi Kusuma Sari, Farah Shania Nur

ASEAN Journal of Community Engagement

Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn) is a well-known family medicinal plant (Toga). Spoilage due to the weather, and the consequent low revenue gained from selling dried rosella are two of the main challenges currently being encountered by rosella farmers. Regardless of previously practicing community engagement including regular training from local authorities, farmers are still encountering difficulties to implement the training materials, consequently experiencing loss. Method incorporated in this community engagement is the double diamond design thinking that ensures putting the farmers first in all stages. Method chosen for drying rosella was a mixed solar dryer equipped with heating lamps …

Phytochemicals, Acute Toxicity And Genotoxicity Of Chewing Sticks From Zanthoxylum Zanthoxyloides Root And Distemonanthus Benthamianus Stem, Chinwe S. Alaribe, Akolade R. Oladipupo, Anjola T. Adebesin, Omolayomi Kaska, Emuejevoke T. Toye

Bulletin of Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University

Dental caries has been reported to touch almost half of the world’s population, making it one of the most prevalent disease conditions in the world. Studies have shown that chewing sticks could be useful in cleaning of teeth and could offer protection against dental conditions, including caries. Given the increasing usage of chewing sticks and their unstandardized nature, in this study we investigated the acute toxicity, genotoxic effects on liver and kidney, and phytochemical constituents of chewing sticks from Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides root and Distemonanthus benthamianus stem, widely used in West Africa. Chemical tests showed the presence of saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, …

Jatropha Tanjorensis A Flora Of Southeast Nigeria: Isolation And Characterization Of Naringenin And Validation Of Bio-Enhanced Synergistical Activity Of Α- Tocopherol Toward Clinical Isolates Of Resistant Bacterial, Ikechukwu Kingsley Ijoma, Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu Ajiwe

Makara Journal of Science

Jatropha tanjorensis is among the rich floras of Southeast Nigeria and used by ethnic people to treat infections and manage health conditions. Ethnomedicine has long been employed in the treatment of ailments caused by bacterial pathogens. Studies showed that the incorporation of synthetic α-tocopherol to an antibacterial agent improves its activity. However, knowledge about the antibacterial-enhanced activity of plant-based α-tocopherols, especially those isolated from Jatropha tanjorensis, is limited because of the different bioactivities of synthetic and natural α-tocopherols. To determine the phytochemicals in J. tanjorensis, we carried out the structural elucidation of its leaf extracts. Naringenin and α-tocopherol …

Biowill - Characterising Willow Bark Bio-Actives For Skin Therapies, Arnold Marisa

ORBioM (Open Research BioSciences Meeting)

Willow bark is considered as a disposable by-product when processing willow for biomass. Willow (Salix) is known to contain high value bioactive compounds which include salicin and its derivatives, and other phytochemicals of interest such as polyphenols and flavonoids. The plant is historically known as the primary source of salicylates to which the well-known drug aspirin is derived from. The work forms part of the Interreg project BioWILL, which is focused on integrated “Zero Waste” biorefinery utilising all fractions of willow feedstock for the production of biochemicals and renewable energy. This project aims to investigate the crude and …

Enhanced Antioxidant, Antiviral, And Anticancer Activities Of The Extract Of Fermented Egyptian Rice Bran Complexed With Hydroxypropyl-Β-Cyclodextrin, Khaled Nematallah, Sherif Ashraf Fahmy, Noha Khalil Mahdy, Hesham El-Askry, Meselhy Ragab Meselhy, Hassan El-Said Azzazy

Pharmacy

Egyptian rice bran was fermented with baker’s yeast, and released phenolics were extracted with aqueous methanol to give fermented rice bran extract (FRBE). The analysis of the FRBE with ultra-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry revealed 21 compounds, mainly phenolic acids and flavonoids. The FRBE was then complexed with (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) via noncovalent host–guest inclusion complexation using the thin-film hydration technique to improve the hydrophilicity and bioactivity of the FRBE. The formation of the inclusion complex was confirmed using HPLC, 1H NMR, FT-IR, and a phase solubility study. In addition, the biological activities of the complex were investigated. The FRBE/HPβCD …

The Design Of A Pcr-Based Assay To Detect And Isolate The Serine Palmitolytransferase Gene From Environmental Bacteria, Lana Taylor

Honors Theses

Sphingolipids are a natural class of lipids that function as structural elements of cell membranes and signaling molecules for important cellular activities such as cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, recognition, and adhesion. These lipids can be found universally in eukaryotic cells as well as some species of bacteria, such as those found in the human gut microbiome and in the environment in soils. Though sphingolipid production is rare in bacteria, both eukaryotic and prokaryotic sphingolipid biosynthesis begin with the condensation of serine and palmitoyl CoA into 3-ketodihydrosphingosine catalyzed by the enzyme serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). In recent years, several studies have shown …

Cytotoxic Activity Of Non-Specific Lipid Transfer Protein (Nsltp1) And Proteomic Evaluation Of Heparin-Binding Proteins From Ajwain (Trachyspermum Ammi) Seeds, Saud Alshammari

Pharmaceutical Sciences (PhD) Dissertations

Trachyspermum ammi, commonly known as ajwain, is a member of the Apiaceae family. It is a therapeutic herbal spice with diverse pharmacological properties, used in traditional medicine for various ailments. However, all previous studies were conducted using small molecule extracts, leaving the protein’s bioactivity undiscovered. The present study demonstrated the antiproliferative activity of ajwain nsLTP1 in MCF-7, AsPC-1, and MCF10A cell lines and its structural stability in human serum and high-temperature conditions. The antiproliferative activity of ajwain nsLTP1 was evaluated in MCF-7 and AsPC-1 cell lines using an MTT assay. Annexin V-FITC and PI staining were used to detect the …