Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment Commons^™

Valores Normales De La Amplitud De Acomodación Subjetiva Entre Los 5 Y Los 19 Años De Edad, Alejandro León Álvarez, Jorge Mario Estrada Álvarez, Sandra Milena Medrano

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

Objetivo determinar los valores normativos de la amplitud de acomodación (AA) con cuatro procedimientos subjetivos. Materiales y métodos fueron incluidos 586 estudiantes entre 5 y 19 años de edad, pertenecientes a los colegios públicos de Pereira, a los cuales se les midió la AA a través de los métodos de Donders (push up [PU], push down [PD] y modified push down [MPD]) y de Sheard (minus lens [ML]). Resultados la mediana por técnica de todo el grupo etario fue: PU: 14,58 D PD: 9,55 D MPD: 12,01 D ML: 11,00 D adicionalmente, mediante una regresión lineal, se estimó …

Evaluación Del Lag De Acomodación Con La Retinoscopía De Nott Entre Los 5 Y Los 19 Años De Edad, Alejandro León Álvarez, Paulo César Zapata Giraldo

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

Objetivo determinar los valores normales del lag (retardo) de acomodación en una población entre los 5 y los 19 años de edad de los colegios públicos de la ciudad de Pereira. Materiales y métodos empleando la retinoscopía de Nott, se evaluó el lag de acomodación en 505 sujetos (392 seleccionados) pertenecientes a los colegios públicos de Pereira. Resultados la mediana del lag de todo el grupo fue de 0,51 D (percentil 5 = 0,19 D percentil 95 = 0,89 D) por géneros no hubo discrepancia, pero sí entre el grupo etario de 5 a 9 años con el de 15 …

Determinación De La Tonicidad De La Solución Multipropósito All In One Light, Laura Fernández Gil, Paola Andrea Liévano, Lucy Rivera Rojas

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

Objetivo determinar la respuesta de los eritrocitos frente a la solución multipropósito All In One Light, empleada para la limpieza de lentes de contacto. Metodología se depositaron en tubos de ensayo 5 mL de cada una de las siguientes sustancias: agua destilada, solución All In One Light, solución 0,9 % de NaCl y solución 6 % de NaCl posteriormente, se agregaron tres gotas de sangre de cordero a cada una de las soluciones, se guardaron en reposo por veinte minutos, y luego se realizaron observaciones en el microscopio óptico a 100 X. Las soluciones fueron posteriormente centrifugadas a 1500 rpm …

Descripción Y Análisis De Las Tecnologías Diagnósticas Oct, Hrt Y Gdx En Glaucoma: Un Enfoque Para La Optometría Clínica, Andrea Paola Espinosa Castañeda, Viviana Peña Martínez, Marcelo Carrizosa

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

Objetivo describir y analizar, por medio de una revisión bibliográfica, las tecnologías diagnósticas OCT (tomografía de coherencia óptica), HRT (tomógrafo de Heidelberg) y GDx (analizador de fibras nerviosas) en glaucoma, como un enfoque para la optometría clínica. Materiales y métodos se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de literatura primaria en bases de datos como Pubmed, Medline, Cochrane y Elsevier además, se incluyeron textos literarios relacionados con el tema, escritos en inglés, español y portugués. La información seleccionada estuvo dentro de un periodo de publicación comprendido entre 2007 y 2014. Conclusión la OCT utiliza una longitud de onda de 820 nm, valora …

Las Relaciones Entre Los Actores De Una Red De Salud, Wilson Giovanni Jiménez Barbosa, Gino Montenegro Martínez

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

En el presente artículo se revisan los conceptos de cadena productiva, redes de producción e incentivos, con el fin de ver su aplicación en un sistema de salud. Asimismo, se hace una propuesta sobre la ubicación que deberían tener los incentivos en una red de producción de salud constituida principalmente por cinco nodos, entre los cuales se establecen seis relaciones, con el fin de motivar a los actores que forman parte de la red, a fin de implementar acciones que permitan el logro de la salud como el medio que les permitirá a las personas desarrollar todas sus capacidades individuales …

Opacificación Capsular Posterior: Diagnóstico, Prevención Y Tratamiento Con Láser Nd-Yag, Javier Tomás-Juan

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

La opacificación de la cápsula posterior es una de las complicaciones más frecuentes que suelen producirse después de la cirugía de cataratas, como resultado de una migración y proliferación de restos de células epiteliales que quedan en el saco capsular desde el momento de la intervención. En un principio, esta opacificación se produce en la periferia y luego avanza hacia la zona central, lo que puede afectar, en última instancia y si no se diagnostica a tiempo, la visión central y originar una disminución de la agudeza visual, la sensibilidad al contraste y la sensibilidad al deslumbramiento. El tratamiento necesario …

Identification Of Plasma Lipid Biomarkers In Alzheimer's Disease, Rhona Creegan

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the commonest form of dementia, is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disease which manifests clinically as a slow global decline in cognitive function, including deterioration of memory, reasoning, abstraction, language and emotional stability, culminating in a patient with end-stage disease, totally dependent on custodial care. With an ageing population, there is predicted to be a marked increase in the number of people diagnosed with AD in the coming decades, making this a significant challenge to socio-economic policy and aged care. Currently there is no cure for AD and while current therapies may temporarily ameliorate symptoms, death usually occurs …

Anesthesia For Cardiac Catheterization Procedures, A Hamid

Department of Anaesthesia

Anesthesiologist's involvement for the purpose of diagnostic and interventional procedures in cardiac catheterization laboratory has been evolving particularly since last two decades. Catheterization laboratory environment poses certain challenges for the anesthesiologist including unfamiliar remote location, exposure to radiation, limited help from colleagues and communication with cardiologists. Anesthesiologists working in catheterization laboratory are required to have adequate knowledge of the environment, personnel, fluoroscope, echocardiography and type of radio contrast dye during the procedure. Anyone who is exposed to radiation environment is expected to protect himself from the exposure and must also wear a dosimeter for cumulative exposure tracing.There is no ideal …

Factors That Predict Incident Reporting Behavior In Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists, Nicole K. Damico

Theses and Dissertations

Improving patient safety through reduction of medical errors is a national priority. One of the strategies widely utilized to address this issue is the use of incident reporting systems. The purpose of this study was to describe factors that predict the likelihood that Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists (CRNAs) will use incident reporting systems, guided by the theory of planned behavior (Ajzen, 1991). A non-experimental, correlational research design was utilized to achieve the study aims. Following IRB approval, a cross-sectional survey was administered electronically to a random sample of practicing CRNAs. Correlational analyses and a standard logistic regression were utilized to …

Concussions: Education For Coaches And Safe Return To Play For Athletes, Catherine Fettkether

Honors Program Theses

Head injuries can occur due to a variety of reasons, including falls, auto accidents, and contact sports. In 2010 the Center for Disease Control reported that 2.5 million traumatic brain injuries occurred in the United States. Any injury the body sustains requires that a person take the appropriate steps to have the most successful outcome. Appropriate action with an injury is not just limited to recovery, but being aware of the potential injury and acting accordingly. This is even more important when the injury is sustained by the brain. A situation in which brain injuries are becoming a larger issue …

A Randomized Control Trial Comparing Weight Adjusted Dose Versus Fixed Dose Prophylactic Phenylephrine Infusion On Maintaining Systolic Blood Pressure During Caeserean Section Under Spinal Anaesthesia, Lucy Wambui Mwaura

Theses & Dissertations

Background: Spinal anaesthesia is the standard of care for elective caesarean delivery. Its advantages over general anaesthesia include: decreased blood loss, reduced postoperative pain and faster recovery time. Despite these advantages, the sympathetic blockade induced by spinal anaesthesia results in 80 percent incidence of hypotension without prophylactic management. This hypotension can cause: nausea, vomiting, cardiovascular collapse or even loss of consciousness in the mother, and fetal acidosis.

Current evidence supports co-loading with intravenous fluids in conjunction with the use of vasopressors as the most effective way to prevent and treat the hypotension. Phenylephrine is the accepted vasopressor of choice in …

Ethical Dilemmas Posed In The Care Of Obese Patients In The Emergency Department, Arvind Venkat, Gregory Luke Larkin

Journal of Health Ethics

The rising prevalence of obesity represents a health care crisis. As the gateway to the health care system, the emergency department is the clinical setting where the difficulties posed by the care of obese patients are heightened. These difficulties include the increasing burden of obesity-related illnesses, the challenges posed in diagnostic evaluation and treatment and the known barriers to access to care seen in this patient population. The limitations posed by obesity on care in the emergency department, the one guaranteed access point for medical treatment, creates a series of ethical dilemmas for emergency physicians and the facilities in which …

Intravenous Acetaminophen Use In Postoperative Pain Management, Selvi K. Kumar

Master's Theses, Dissertations, Graduate Research and Major Papers Overview

Surgery is a most common source of acute pain and effective postoperative pain management is crucial for wound healing and recovery. Opiods are the mainstay for acute pain management but have various adverse effects including death. The multimodal approach involves the use of multiple drugs with varying mechanism of action to achieve optimal pain relief with less adverse effects. Intravenous acetaminophen (IVAPAP) is a new addition to the multimodal approach that appears to afford effective pain relief with a low risk profile. The purpose of this research study was to examine the impact of IVAPAP use in multimodal pain management …

Young Australian Adults’ Reactions To Viewing Personalised Uv Photoaged Photographs, Lori L. Presti, Paul Chang, Myra F. Taylor

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Despite two nationwide sun-protection awareness campaigns, young Australian adults continue to sunbathe. Since their primary motivation for tanning is appearance enhancement, it may well be that campaigns that highlight the negative effects of tanning on appearance are more effective than campaigns that emphasise the health risks associated with sun exposure.Aims: This study aims to explore young adults’ reactions to viewing a photoaged photograph of the sun damage already visible in their facial image.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven females and three males aged 20-30 years. The interview transcripts were transcribed verbatim and were then subjected to Interpretive Phenomenological …

Comparison Of Body Composition Measures In Older Adult Males, Cody Smith

Honors Projects

Body Mass Index (BMI) is a measure created to assess population wide staistics of obesity and stratify health risk. However, there are large differences in health risk when comparing BMI with measures of body composition. BMI is not a measure of body composition. Body composition measures are used to distinguish between fat mass, fat-free mass. This percent body fat is more significantly correlated with health risk.

This study analyzed various body composition methodologies including waist circumference at the umbilicus and at the narrowest point of the abdomen, sagittal abdominal diameter, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and air displacement plethysmography. The study’s purpose …

Evolutionary Approaches For Feature Selection In Biological Data, Vinh Q. Dang

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Data mining techniques have been used widely in many areas such as business, science, engineering and medicine. The techniques allow a vast amount of data to be explored in order to extract useful information from the data. One of the foci in the health area is finding interesting biomarkers from biomedical data. Mass throughput data generated from microarrays and mass spectrometry from biological samples are high dimensional and is small in sample size. Examples include DNA microarray datasets with up to 500,000 genes and mass spectrometry data with 300,000 m/z values. While the availability of such datasets can aid in …

Comparison Of Semi-Automated And Manual Measurements Of Carotid Intima-Media Thickening, Oscar Mac Ananey, G Mellotte, V Maher

Articles

Carotid intima-media thickening (CIMT) is a marker of both arteriosclerotic and atherosclerotic risks. Technological advances have semiautomated CIMT image acquisition and quantification. Studies comparing manual and automated methods have yielded conflicting results possibly due to plaque inclusion in measurements. Low atherosclerotic risk subjects (n = 126) were recruited to minimise the effect of focal atherosclerotic lesions on CIMT variability. CIMT was assessed by high-resolution B-mode ultrasound (Philips HDX7E, Phillips, UK) images of the common carotid artery using both manual and semiautomated methods (QLAB, Phillips, UK). Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the mean differences of paired measurements (Bland-Altman method) were used …

Vibrational Spectroscopy: Disease Diagnostics And Beyond, Hugh Byrne, Kamila Ostrowska, Haq Nawaz, Jennifer Dorney, Aidan Meade, Franck Bonnier, Fiona Lyng

Books/Book Chapters

Summary

This chapter outlines some developments in the applications of vibrational spectroscopy for disease diagnostics and demonstrates how the applications of the spectroscopic techniques can be extended to the analysis and evaluation of disease aetiology and the mechanisms of interaction and the cellular and subcellular responses to, for example chemotherapeutic agents and nanoparticles. The primary emphasis is on Raman spectroscopy, although some examples are based on infrared absorption spectroscopy. The studies presented are chosen to illustrate how a range of multivariate analytical techniques can be employed to maximize the potential benefits of the complex spectral information obtained from tissue or …

The Helminthological Society Of Washington 2013 Anniversary Award: Larry S. Roberts, Sherman S. Hendrix

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty and Staff Publications

Dr. Roberts was born in the great state of Texas, and much of his early life is murky, but snakes are often mentioned. Larry received his Bachelor’s degree at Southern Methodist University; his Master of Science at the University of Illinois; and his Doctorate in the Department of Pathobiology at the Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health. Larry’s doctoral research, published in Experimental Parasitology, documented the early development and crowding effect of the tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta, in the rat small intestine. His publication on this subject opened the door to the golden age of cestode physiology and biochemistry …

Can Helmet Design Reduce The Risk Of Concussion In Football?, Steven Rowson, Stefan M. Duma, Richard M. Greenwald, Jonathan Beckwith, Jeffrey J. Chu, Kevin M. Guskiewicz, Jason P. Mihalik, Joe Crisco, Bethany J. Wilcox, Thomas W. Mcallister, Arthur C. Maerlender, Steven P. Broglio, Brock Schnebel, Scott Anderson, P. Gunnar Brolinson

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty and Staff Publications

Of all sports, football accounts for the highest incidence of concussion in the US due to the large number of athletes participating and the nature of the sport. While there is general agreement that concussion incidence can be reduced through rule changes and teaching proper tackling technique, there remains debate as to whether helmet design may also reduce the incidence of concussion. A retrospective analysis was performed of head impact data collected from 1833 collegiate football players who were instrumented with helmet-mounted accelerometer arrays for games and practices. Data were collected between 2005 and 2010 from 8 collegiate football teams: …