Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment Commons^™

Fear Of Covid-19 And Depression: Mediating Role Of Anxiety And Stress Among University Students, Noreena Kausar, Amna Ishaq, Hafsa Qurban, Hafiz Abdur Rashid

Journal of Bioresource Management

Fear of CIVID-19 and psychological health issues are most common in general population, health professionals and students after emerging the COVID-19 infection. The literature review elaborated the correlation among fear of COVID-19, stress, depression and anxiety among students at different levels.The current study was conducted with two objectives. First aim was to assess the relationships among fear of COVID-19, stress, anxiety and depression among university students. The second objective was to measure the mediating role of anxiety and stress between the relationship of fear of COVID-19 and depression.Total 500 Government and private university students were selected through convenient sampling technique …

Who Will Be Liable For Medical Malpractice In The Future? How The Use Of Artificial Intelligence In Medicine Will Shape Medical Tort Law, Scott J. Schwelkart

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

Expression And Function Of Transcription Factors Foxa1, Hoxb13 And Cdx2 In Prostate Cancer, Hamsat B. Anwar

University Honors Theses

Prostate cancer (PC) is the second leading cause of death in men, affecting around 190 thousand patients in 2020 alone (National Institute of Cancer, 2020). Much of the current research focuses on treatments for advanced PC, which is problematic due to the rapid evolution of tumors and development of treatment resistance. Cancer early detection presents a better approach to control and treat patients before they acquire an incurable disease. Earlier diagnosis of patients leads to better prognosis and a more comfortable treatment process (Etzioni et al., 2003). However, we currently lack molecular markers to stratify PC during its early stages. …

Using Ai To Diagnose Covid-19 From Patient Chest Ct Scans, Samuel Arellano, Liang Huang, Joe Jiang, Kenneth Richardson, Omar Yasser

SMU Data Science Review

Rapid and accurate detection of COVID-19 remains the best weapon to control and prevent the spread of this pandemic, at least before a vaccine or treatment is available. In this study, we trained our custom computer vision models to predict COVID-19 from patients’ CT scans. We trained one model using Google’s AutoML Vision platform and achieved comparable accuracy with previously reported models. We also trained several custom models using transfer learning by taking advantage of several well-unknown pre-trained computer vision models, including Resnet and Inception models. The models are fine-tuned with a relatively large dataset and their high accuracy should …

Nanomaterials As Novel Cardiovascular Theranostics, Rajasekharreddy Pala, Subhaswaraj Pattnaik, Siddhardha Busi, Surya M. Nauli

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of conditions associated with heart and blood vessels and are considered the leading cause of death globally. Coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction represents the CVDs. Since CVDs are associated with a series of pathophysiological conditions with an alarming mortality and morbidity rate, early diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic approaches are critical for saving patients’ lives. Conventionally, diagnostic tools are employed to detect disease conditions, whereas therapeutic drug candidates are administered to mitigate diseases. However, the advent of nanotechnological platforms has revolutionized the current understanding of pathophysiology and therapeutic measures. The concept of combinatorial therapy …

Photonic Designs To Reduce Morbidity And Mortality For Icu Patients On Ventilators, Jacob C. Lomonaco, Noah R. Baker, C. David Melville, Catherine A. Olivo, Matthew D. Carson, Eric J. Seibel

School of Medicine Faculty Research

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is pneumonia that occurs >48hrs after initiation of mechanical ventilation and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients that are hospitalized in intensive care units (ICU). The risk of developing VAP increases during use, and a diagnosis of VAP has been associated with a substantial cost. There are up to hundreds of thousands of cases in the US per year, costing the healthcare system billions annually. Patients who suffer from VAP frequently require longer ICU stays, higher exposure to antibiotics, and more hospital care at the risk of increased mortality. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has …

Deep-Learning-Based Multivariate Pattern Analysis (Dmvpa): A Tutorial And A Toolbox, Karl M. Kuntzelman, Jacob M. Williams, Phui Cheng Lim, Ashtok Samal, Prahalada K. Rao, Matthew R. Johnson

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

In recent years, multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) has been hugely beneficial for cognitive neuroscience by making new experiment designs possible and by increasing the inferential power of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electroencephalography (EEG), and other neuroimaging methodologies. In a similar time frame, “deep learning” (a term for the use of artificial neural networks with convolutional, recurrent, or similarly sophisticated architectures) has produced a parallel revolution in the field of machine learning and has been employed across a wide variety of applications. Traditional MVPA also uses a form of machine learning, but most commonly with much simpler techniques based on …

Smartphone-Based Prediction Model For Postoperative Cardiac Surgery Outcomes Using Preoperative Gait And Posture Measures, Rahul Soangra, Thurmon Lockhart

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Gait speed assessment increases the predictive value of mortality and morbidity following older adults’ cardiac surgery. The purpose of this study was to improve clinical assessment and prediction of mortality and morbidity among older patients undergoing cardiac surgery through the identification of the relationships between preoperative gait and postural stability characteristics utilizing a noninvasive-wearable mobile phone device and postoperative cardiac surgical outcomes. This research was a prospective study of ambulatory patients aged over 70 years undergoing non-emergent cardiac surgery. Sixteen older adults with cardiovascular disease (Age 76.1 ± 3.6 years) scheduled for cardiac surgery within the next 24 h were …

A Mobile App For Delirium Screening, Brett Armstrong, Daniel Habtemariam, Erica Husser, Douglas L. Leslie, Marie Boltz, Yoojin Jun, Donna M. Fick, Sharon K. Inouye, Edward R. Marcantonio, Long H. Ngo

Osteopathic Medicine Student Publications

Objective: The objective of this study is to describe the algorithm and technical implementation of a mobile app that uses adaptive testing to assess an efficient mobile app for the diagnosis of delirium.

Materials and Methods: The app was used as part of a NIH-funded project to assess the feasibility, effectiveness, administration time, and costs of the 2-step delirium identification protocol when performed by physicians and nurses, and certified nursing assistants (CNA). The cohort included 535 hospitalized patients aged 79.7 (SD¼6.6) years enrolled at 2 different sites. Each patient was assessed on 2 consecutive days by the research associate who …

A High-Precision Machine Learning Algorithm To Classify Left And Right Outflow Tract Ventricular Tachycardia, Jianwei Zhang, Guohua Fu, Islam Abudayyeh, Magdi Yacoub, Anthony Chang, William Feaster, Louis Ehwerhemuepha, Hesham El-Askary, Xianfeng Du, Bin He, Mingjun Feng, Yibo Yu, Binhao Wang, Jing Liu, Hai Yao, Hulmin Chu, Cyril Rakovski

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Introduction: Multiple algorithms based on 12-lead ECG measurements have been proposed to identify the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) locations from which ventricular tachycardia (VT) and frequent premature ventricular complex (PVC) originate. However, a clinical-grade machine learning algorithm that automatically analyzes characteristics of 12-lead ECGs and predicts RVOT or LVOT origins of VT and PVC is not currently available. The effective ablation sites of RVOT and LVOT, confirmed by a successful ablation procedure, provide evidence to create RVOT and LVOT labels for the machine learning model.

Methods: We randomly sampled training, validation, and testing …

Mutational And Biophysical Robustness In A Prestabilized Monobody, Peter G. Chandler, Li Lynn Tan, Benjamin T. Porebski, James S. Green, Blake T. Riley, Sebastian S. Broendum, David E. Hoke, Robert J. Falconer, Trent P. Munro, Malcolm Buckle, Colin J. Jackson, Ashley M. Buckle

Advanced Science Research Center

The fibronectin type III (FN3) monobody domain is a promising non-antibody scaffold, which features a less complex architecture than an antibody while maintaining analogous binding loops. We previously developed FN3Con, a hyperstable monobody derivative with diagnostic and therapeutic potential. Prestabilization of the scaffold mitigates the stability–function trade-off commonly associated with evolving a protein domain toward biological activity. Here, we aimed to examine if the FN3Con monobody could take on antibody-like binding to therapeutic targets, while retaining its extreme stability. We targeted the first of the Adnectin derivative of monobodies to reach clinical trials, which was engineered by directed evolution for …

The Relationship Between Depression And Cardiovascular Disease, Jomaries O. Gomez

The Pegasus Review: UCF Undergraduate Research Journal

While there has been extensive research on the link between depression and cardiovascular disease, few reviews have summarized the array of findings. In this literature review, we examined approximately 50 clinical papers and research studies to determine if reducing depression could reduce the risk of having a cardiovascular incident and if reducing the severity of cardiovascular disease could reduce depression. We identified two major mechanisms through which depression affects the cardiovascular system. We present evidence that depression and cardiovascular disease may have a reciprocal relationship. For instance, depression is as much of a risk factor for heart disease as smoking …

Testing The Use Of A Social Networking App For American Indians Recovering From Addiction, Nicholas Guenzel, Dennis Mcchargue, Hongying Dai

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Objectives: American Indians (AIs) have higher rates of addiction than most other groups. Social networking mobile apps are growing in popularity but their use has not been studied among AIs specifically. Methods: This paper describes a pilot program in which 27 AIs recovering from addiction were given access to a mobile app to support addiction recovery (Sober Grid) for up to six months. They completed a technology acceptability survey, monthly surveys of cravings, social connectedness, and quality of life, and a follow-up survey. Their use of the app was also tracked. Findings: We found that individuals in the sample often …

The Potential Of Raman Spectroscopy In The Diagnosis Of Dysplastic And Malignant Oral Lesions, Ola Ibrahim, M. Toner, Steven Flint, Hugh Byrne, Fiona Lyng

Articles

Early diagnosis, treatment and/or surveillance of oral premalignant lesions are important in preventing progression to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The current gold standard is through histopathological diagnosis, which is limited by inter and intra observer and sampling errors. The objective of this work was to use Raman spectroscopy to discriminate between benign, mild, moderate and severe dysplasia and OSCC in formalin fixed paraffin preserved (FFPP) tissues. The study included 72 different pathologies from which 17 were benign lesions, 20 mildly dysplastic, 20 moderately dysplastic, 10 severely dysplastic and 5 invasive OSCC. The glass substrate and paraffin wax background were …

Repurposing Of Omarigliptin As A Neuroprotective Agent Based On Docking With A2a Adenosine And Ache Receptors, Brain Glp-1 Response And Its Brain/Plasma Concentration Ratio After 28 Days Multiple Doses In Rats Using Lc-Ms/Ms, Bassam Ayoub, Haidy Michel, Shereen Mowaka, Moataz S. Hendy, Mariam M. Tadros

Pharmacy

Abstract: The authors in the current work suggested the potential repurposing of omarigliptin (OMR) for neurodegenerative diseases based on three new findings that support the preliminary finding of crossing BBB after a single dose study in the literature. The first finding is the positive results of the docking study with the crystal structures of A2A adenosine (A2AAR) and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) receptors. A2AAR is a member of non-dopaminergic GPCR superfamily receptor proteins and has essential role in regulation of glutamate and dopamine release in Parkinson’s disease while AChE plays a major role in Alzheimer’s disease as the primary enzyme responsible …

Intermittent Catheter Reimbursement In The United States: The Experience Of Nine Stakeholders Through The Lens Of Actor-Network Theory, Manon M. Schladen, Amanda K. Rounds, Terrence Mcmanus, Alexandra Bennewith, Henry Claypool, Suzanne L. Groah

The Qualitative Report

A narrow interpretation of “medical necessity” can result in poorer health as well as a more restricted life for people with disabilities. We examined the impact of US policy on reimbursement of intermittent catheters (ICs) on the lives of people with neurogenic bladder (NB) who require catheters to urinate. We conducted in-depth, longitudinal interviews with nine stakeholders. Actor-Network Theory was used to describe interactions among human agents, IC products, and policies in the reimbursement arena. Restrictions on the type and quantities of ICs reimbursed emerged as the most potent inhibitor to health and wellbeing among consumers with NB. IC suppliers, …

Catheter Direct Thrombolysis As A Modality Of Management For Pulmonary Embolism: Risk Stratifying With The Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index, Dhruvil A. Patel, Vijaya Arun Kumar, Brian Reed

Medical Student Research Symposium

Catheter Directed Thrombolysis (CDT) or Systemic Thrombolysis (ST) are current standards of care for patients experiencing a Massive (MPE) or Submassive (SPE) Pulmonary Embolism which are categories that are defined by AHA guidelines for the Emergency Department. The Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI), a five-tier system, is a composite metric that can risk stratify PE into low risk (tiers 1,2) for SPE and high risk (tiers 3,4,5) for MPE, predicting mortality and outcomes. This study aims to determine if CDT or ST/no intervention (ST/NI) has better outcomes for MPE and SPE patients, while using PESI as a risk stratification tool. …

Biomedical Applications Of Vibrational Spectroscopy: Oral Cancer Diagnostics, Hugh Byrne, Isha Behl, Genecy Calado, Ola Ibrahim, M. Toner, Sheila Galvin, Claire M. Healy, Steven Flint, Fiona Lyng

Articles

Vibrational spectroscopy, based on either infrared absorption or Raman scattering, has attracted increasing attention for biomedical applications. Proof of concept explorations for diagnosis of oral potentially malignant disorders and cancer are reviewed, and recent advances critically appraised. Specific examples of applications of Raman microspectroscopy for analysis of histological, cytological and saliva samples are presented for illustrative purposes, and the future prospects, ultimately for routine, chairside in vivo screening are discussed.

Post-Operative Day 1 Versus Day 0 Follow-Up For Uncomplicated Cataract Surgeries: A Comparison Of Post-Operative Outcomes And Managements, Harsh Parekh Bs, Shibandri Das Md, Vaama Patel Md, Ryan Freedman Md, Sabba Mansoor Bs, Amanda Ismail Md, Faisal Ridha Al-Timimi Md

Medical Student Research Symposium

Purpose: To compare the postoperative outcomes and management of uncomplicated cataract surgery (CEIOL) patients seen on post-operative day zero (POD 0) versus post-operative day one (POD 1).

Methods: A retrospective chart review of 533 patients who had CEIOL at the Kresge Eye Institute from December 2017 to September 2019 was performed. Visual acuity (VA) and intraocular pressure (IOP) were collected from the pre-operative visit, and the first and second post-operative day visits. In addition, changes in management were recorded from the first post-operative day visit. Patients were excluded if they had a complex cataract procedure, had combined glaucoma filtering surgery, …

Use Of Prame Immunostaining To Distinguish Melanoma In Situ From Lentigo Senilis, Hailey Olds, Sarah Utz, Darius Mehregan

Medical Student Research Symposium

PRAME (PReferentially expressed Antigen in MElanoma) is an antigen that is expressed by malignant cells in melanoma, as well as other cancers such as breast carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, and leukemia. PRAME immunohistochemistry has proved effective in identifying malignant melanocytes in melanoma lesions, but it is unclear if it may be used to distinguish melanoma from benign melanocytic conditions, such as lentigo senilis. In particular, melanoma in situ may be confused with lentigo senilis clinically and histologically, thus PRAME immunostaining is potentially useful for differentiating these two lesions. We evaluated 31 samples of lentigo senilis, 26 of melanoma in situ, …