Effects Of Variation In Seasonal Grazing Pressure And Mechanisms Of Adaptation To Grazing In Lotononis Bainesii,
2025
University of Queensland
Effects Of Variation In Seasonal Grazing Pressure And Mechanisms Of Adaptation To Grazing In Lotononis Bainesii, H Fujita, L R. Humphreys
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Lotononis bainesii is valued for its ready acceptance by stock, high nutritive value and cold tolerance, but its utility has been limited by the inexplicably high year to year variation in its contribution to the farm feed supply. Pott et al. (1983) showed that lotononis is short-lived; the persistence of yield depends more upon seedling regeneration than upon vegetative replacement through nodal rooting. No continuous fixed stocking regime from 7 to 28 sheep ha-1 favoured lotononis (Poot and Humphreys, 1983), and this paper discusses the effects of variations in seasonal stocking rate and of factors influencing the development of a …
Response Of Perennial Vigna Species To Grazing On A Subtropical Spodosol,
2025
University of Florida
Response Of Perennial Vigna Species To Grazing On A Subtropical Spodosol, W D. Pitman
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Evaluations of persistence of tropical legume accessions in single-row plantings in bahiagrass ( Paspalum notatum) pastures at Ona, Florida (27° 26' N latitude) have identified the perennial Vigna species, V. adenantha and V. parkeri cv. Shaw creeping vigna, as adapted plants with potential for pasture use (Pitman and Kretschmer, 1984; Pitman et al., 1988). Both of these species flower indeterminately and in response to decreasing day length. Thus, only small quantities of seed have been obtained each year prior to defoliation of plants by frost. Evaluation of V. adenantha in small pastures has been facilitated by the …
Dynamics Of A Tropical Grass-Legume Sward In The Subtropics And Its Effect On Animal Performance,
2025
USDA, Agricultural Research Service
Dynamics Of A Tropical Grass-Legume Sward In The Subtropics And Its Effect On Animal Performance, M J. Williams, A C. Hammond, W T. Butts, W E. Kunkle
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Rhizoma perennial peanut ( Arachis glabrata Benth.) is a forage legume species adapted to the well-drained soils of subtropical United States (Prine et al., 1981). Management studies with perennial peanut have concentrated on hay production and animal performance based on pure stands (Prine, 1981 ; Sollenberger et al., 1987). Mixtures of perennial peanuts and various tropical grasses have performed well in small plot studies, but the interrelationship of grass and perennial peanuts under grazing and the consequence this relationship has on stand productivity and animal performance has not been investigated. The summer grazing phase of a backgrounding systems trial, which …
Influence Of Winter Treading On Lucerne,
2025
DSIR
Influence Of Winter Treading On Lucerne, R B. Wynn-Williams, M B. Rea, R G. Purves, B T. Hawthorne
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Most lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) in New Zealand is grazed at some time during the year. In the growing season it is recommended that the grazing duration be short, 2-4 days, although it can be extended to 14 days without much effect. However during the dormant season, normally mid June to late July in Canterbury, using lucerne stands as a run-off or for feeding hay for extended periods has been recommended. Lobb (1967) showed that feeding hay to sheep on dormant lucerne significantly reduced perennial weed invasion especially on irrigated stands. Throught and Kain (1977) showed that winter grazing …
Rates Of Destruction Of Growing Points Of Pasture Legumes By Grazing Cattle,
2025
CSIRO
Rates Of Destruction Of Growing Points Of Pasture Legumes By Grazing Cattle, R J. Clements
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Twining tropical pasture legumes such as Siratro ( Macroptilium atropurpureum) are unable to persist under sustained heavy grazing, whereas prost��ate legumes such as white clover (Trifolium repens) persist well. The reasons for this are not fully understood. Survival of individual Siratro plants is reduced by heavy grazing (Jones and Bunch, 1988). The destruction of growing points of erect legumes during grazing may reduce growth and weaken the plants. The effects of grazing pressure on the demography of growing points and on turnover of plant tissue have been studied at this Laboratory since 1984. Some results are reviewed briefly …
Response Of Stargrass To Grazing Management,
2025
University of Florida
Response Of Stargrass To Grazing Management, P Mislevy, F G. Martin, B J. Downs, K L. Singer
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Grazing management as it relates to stubble height (SH) and plant height above the stubble (PH) is important in maintaining herbage in a juvenile stage while producing high forage yield and maintaining good species persistence (Adjei et al., 1980, Crowder, 1985). The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effect of grazing management treatments (SH and PH) on yield, quality and persistence of three stargrass cultivars. However, due to brevity, quality will not be presented in this paper.
Seasonal Variation Of Cattle Daily Gain, Plant Characteristics And Solar Energy Conversion Efficiency In Grazing Pastures Of Dactylis Glomerata And Of Festuca Arundinacea,
2025
The University of Tokyo
Seasonal Variation Of Cattle Daily Gain, Plant Characteristics And Solar Energy Conversion Efficiency In Grazing Pastures Of Dactylis Glomerata And Of Festuca Arundinacea, T Okubo, Y Kurokawa, M Hirakawa, K Matsui
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Herbage intake, digestibility and leafiness or bulk density are well known as the main factors affecting the performance of grazing animals. But even in case where these factors are not so different, daily gain still varies among seasons or individuals (Blaser et al., 1981). In order to solve these problems by modeling approach (Okubo & Jacquard, 1985), seasonal changes in plant production, daily gain of cattle live-weight and seasonal variations in solar energy conversion into cattle gain were measured, and the importance (Okubo et al., 1985) of gross efficiency of digestible energy to net energy was discussed.
Effect Of Grazing Interval On Yield, Quality And Persistence Of Swazigrass (Digitaria Swazilandensis Stent) In Southern Ghana,
2025
University of Ghana
Effect Of Grazing Interval On Yield, Quality And Persistence Of Swazigrass (Digitaria Swazilandensis Stent) In Southern Ghana, A Larbi, M B. Adjei, F K. Fianu
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Swazigrass ( D. swazilandensis Stent) is a little known perennial grass introduced to Ghana from South Africa. It spreads rapidly, forms a low dense sward and grows well on poor soils (White et al., 1959; Bogdan, 1977). Therefore, it has a high potential for pasture improvement in the grassland regions of Ghana, which are dominated by grass species of low productivity, growing on soils deficient in nitrogen and phosphorus (Nye and Bertheu.i-, 1957). Swazigrass compared favorably in yield and quality to most introduced and native species under cutting management (Nkrumah-Antiedu, 1981). Since cutting provides an imperfect guide to grazing, this …
Hay Quality And Marketing Improved With Wyoming Hay Evaluation And Listing Service,
2025
University of Wyoming
Hay Quality And Marketing Improved With Wyoming Hay Evaluation And Listing Service, A M. Gray
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Hay production in the United States of America (US) is about 140 million metric tons/year. In 1987 most US hay producers had fewer marketing opportunities because of surplus production and lower demand due to a continuing national decline in livestock numbers. In Wyoming, marketing hay on the basis of forage quality is becoming critical for the economic survival of many haygrowers, particularly in years of low demand for hay. Demand for high quality hay by specialty markets (dairy and horse hay) is greater than supply throughout the US. However, buyers for such markets insist that quality hay is difficult to …
Conditioning Effects And Field Variation In Dry Matter Concentration Of Alfalfa Hay,
2025
University of Kentucky
Conditioning Effects And Field Variation In Dry Matter Concentration Of Alfalfa Hay, M Collins
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Research indicates that precipitation causes losses of yield and quality during field curing of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) hay (Collins, 1983 ; 1985). Time requirement for field curing is positively associated with the probability that rain damage will occur during haymaking. Thus, desiccants that hasten field drying could reduce the probability of rain damage. Preservatives, such as propionic acid, could also reduce curing time by allowing baling at higher moisture levels (Knapp et al., 1976). Variable topography, yield and moisture levels in the standing crop may cause variation in hay DM and make determination of effective preservative rates difficult. …
Effects Of Ammoniation Of Rice Straw On Its Feeding Value For Lambs,
2025
Universidade Federal de Vicosa
Effects Of Ammoniation Of Rice Straw On Its Feeding Value For Lambs, J Q. Ferreira, R Garcia
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Great quantities of crop residues are produced in Brazil at harvest time. The production of rice straw reachs approximately ten million of tons each year and very small quantity is used for animal feeding. The interest on utilization of rice straw increased in the last years mainly due to possibility of ammonia use for improvement of nutritive value of crop residues (Sundstol el al., 1978 ; Saenger el al., 1983 ; Herrera-Saldana el al., 1982; Streeter and Horn, 1984; Grotheer el al., 1986; Horton and Steacy, 1979). The objective of this study was to measure the effect to ammoniation on …
Effect Of Ammonia Level, Time Of Exposure To Ammonia And Period Of Storage On Chemical Composition And Digestibility Of Two Tropical Grasses Hay,
2025
Universidade Federal de Vicosa
Effect Of Ammonia Level, Time Of Exposure To Ammonia And Period Of Storage On Chemical Composition And Digestibility Of Two Tropical Grasses Hay, R A. Reis, R Garcia
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The production of good quality hay in Central Brazil has been limited by the nature of cultivated species and constant presence of rainfalls. However, at the end of summer and part of fall seasons the environmental conditions are adequate for hay making but the forages show lower nutritive value. An alternative to improve the quality of tropical grasses hay would be the use of ammonia. Several studies (Buettner et al., 1982; Grotheer et al., 1986; Brown et al., 1987; Moore and Lechtenberg, 1987), showed decreases in NDF and hemicellulose on forages treated with ammonia. The influence of levels of ammonia …
Effect Of Windrow Inversion On Hay Drying And Losses,
2025
Universite Laval
Effect Of Windrow Inversion On Hay Drying And Losses, P Savoie, S Beauregard
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Mowing-conditioning alone is not enough to adequately dry high quality hay windrows in Eastern Canada conditions. Young leafy forages tend to pack down in the windrow and dry very slowly (Savoie et al., 1984). Additional mechanical handling is necessary to fluff or turn the windrow. The hay tedder increases the drying rate by about 40 % on the day it is applied (Pattey et al., 1988). Tedding losses per application are about 0,5 % in grass but can be higher than 4 % in alfalfa (Savoie, 1988). In addition, close to 75 % of the alfalfa losses are composed of …
Haymaking From Tropical Grasses,
2025
EMBRAPA
Haymaking From Tropical Grasses, J L. Costa, J A. Gomide
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Haymaking from pasture growth surplus is an alternative way to provide winter feeding to cattle. Some interest has recently been developed toward making hay from tropical grasses in their vegetative stage. The main hazard with this approach being the occurence of likely rains during field drying. This can be helped by shortening drying time through the use of appropriate harvester (Savoie et al., 1982) as well as selection fo species with higher drying rate (Morris, 1972; Person and Sorenson, 1970).
Hayval : A Microcomputer Program For Evlauting The Winter Feeding Needs Of Beef, Sheep, And Horses,
2025
Oregon State University
Hayval : A Microcomputer Program For Evlauting The Winter Feeding Needs Of Beef, Sheep, And Horses, D B. Hannaway, S A. Dahl, P J. Ballerstedt, P E. Shuler, W Rogers, F Shafabakhsh, J Smith, M Lawyer
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
HA YV AL is a microcomputer programm which was developed to teach concepts of hay quality and animal nutrition. HA YV AL answers the question, 'Will the hay I have available meet the nutritional needs of the animals I am feeding ?'. It does so by using an interactive teaching technique ; asking questions about the animals and the hay being fed.
Culture Et Utilization Du Sorgho Grain Ensile En Plante Entiere Pour L'Alimentation Des Ruminants En Zones Seches Du Sud De La France,
2025
lnstitut Technique de l'Elevage Bovin
Culture Et Utilization Du Sorgho Grain Ensile En Plante Entiere Pour L'Alimentation Des Ruminants En Zones Seches Du Sud De La France, G Didier
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Le sorgho grain est cultive dans de nombreux pays du monde pour l'alimentation humaine, l'alimentation animale et l'industrie. Dans le sud de la France, cette culture s'est developpee a partir de 1960 (Cotte, 1966) et !es travaux conduits par l'INRA et l'ITCF concernaient son adaptation a la zone consideree ainsi que !'utilisation du grain par !es monogastriques. A partir de 1972, des essais d'utilisation de la plante entiere par des bovins-viande ont ete entrepris dans le cadre du Centre Experimental d'Elevage du Sud-Ouest (Soual-Tarn) avec des varietes riches en tannins (Bonnefoy et Didier, 1978). Mais c'est en fait des 1981 …
Increasing The Contribution Of Grass Silage For Milk Production,
2025
Institute for Grassland and Animal Production
Increasing The Contribution Of Grass Silage For Milk Production, C Thomas, A Reeve
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The conservation of grass as silage rather than hay has become increasingly popular in Northern Europe. The increase in silage making has been associated with the increased intensification of animal production and improvements in our knowledge of the fermentation process. Despite the ability to produce grass silages with consistently high metabolisable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) contents it has been calculated that on UK dairy farms silage barely meets the maintenance requirement of the cow (Phipps, 1986). The objective of the work reported here is to devise methods to increase the contribution of silage in the diet of the …
The Influence Of Nitrogen Fertilization On Fermentation And Digestibility Of Wilted Grass Silage,
2025
Grassland Institute of Soil Fertility Research Centre
The Influence Of Nitrogen Fertilization On Fermentation And Digestibility Of Wilted Grass Silage, S Knotek, J Zilakova
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Ensiling characteristics of herbage are reduced by increasing nitrogen fertilization (Gordon et al., 1969; Izumi et al., 1982; Knotek and Zilakova, 1981; Knotek and Zilakova, 1986). From practical point of view, the evaluation of devided N fertilization in three cuts system is very important.
Influence Of N Fertilization On The Chemical And Microbial Composition Of Wilted Grass Silage,
2025
Grassland Institute of Soil Fertility Research Centre
Influence Of N Fertilization On The Chemical And Microbial Composition Of Wilted Grass Silage, M Zimkova
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In many countries of Europe more and more forage has been made into silage in the past 25 years. Silage-making developed as a technology which enables feed of a more predictable quality to be made from herbage than was possible before. Silage quality depends also on moisture content of harvested grass and it can be manipulated by fertilization and wilting. The advantages and disadvantages of using unwilted and wilted grass for ensiling have been discussed for many years. System of direct cutting of short prewilting and ensiling at 15 to 25 % dry matter (DM) is preferred in rnaritirne and …
An Evaluation Of The Silage Additive < Kofasil Plus > Applied To First Cut Grass Under Northern Ireland Conditions,
2025
Greenmount College of Agriculture and Horticulture
An Evaluation Of The Silage Additive < Kofasil Plus > Applied To First Cut Grass Under Northern Ireland Conditions, T A. Stewart, S J. Kennedy
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The silage additive« Kofasil Plus», manufactured by Deutsche Atochem Werke, has been used for many years in various European countries, particularly in West Germany and Norway with favourable results. It was first introduced to Ireland in 1988 following the outcome of the trial reported here, where it is marketed by Co.rbeca Ltd under the trade name« Kofasalt ». « Kofasil Plus » is a white, free flowing, non-caustic powder containing 61 % calcium formate, 25 % sodium nitrite, 14 % hexamethylene tetramine, sodium chloride and trace elements.
