Agricultural Science Commons^™

Nutrient Use Efficiency – Measurement And Management

Agronomy & Horticulture -- Faculty Publications

Mineral fertilizers have sustained world agriculture and thus global population and wealth growth for more than 100 years (Smil, 2001; Stewart et al., 2005). Th eir contribution to increasing crop yields has spared millions of hectares of natural ecosystems that otherwise would have been converted to agriculture (Balmford et al., 2005). However, lacking, imbalanced, inappropriate or excessive use of nutrients in agricultural systems remains a concern. Nutrient mining is a major cause for low crop yields in parts of the developing world, particularly Africa. In other situations, nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) often move beyond …

Morfologi Dan Kandungan Flavonoid Total Bunga Telang Di Berbagai Ketinggian Tempat Tumbuh Berbeda, Bambang Pujiasmanto, Hawari Hawari, Eddy Triharyanto

Jurnal Kultivasi

AbstrakBunga telang (Clitoria ternatea L) merupakan salah satu tanaman leguminoceae yang memiliki manfaat farmakologis, namun sebagian besar pemanenannya berasal dari alam dan belum dibudidayakan secara luas. Oleh karena itu, perlu diadakan suatu penelitian spesifik terkait morfologi dan kandungan flavonoid bunga telang untuk dijadikan tanaman budidaya serta mengkaji kesesuaian lingkungan untuk budidayanya. Tujuan riset ini untuk mengkaji karakter morfologi dan kandungan flavonoid bunga telang di berbagai ketinggian. Survei dilaksanakan di lokasi berbeda, yaitu dataran rendah (Karangasem, Jeyengan, dan Purwosari) dan dataran tinggi Ngargoyoso, mulai bulan Februari sampai April 2021.  Lokasi survei dipilih dengan metode acak memihak (purpose random sampling) melalui pendekatan …

A Personal Account Of Creating The Sterile Insect Technique To Eradicate The Screwworm From Curacao, Florida And The Southeastern United States

Publications from USDA-ARS / UNL Faculty

The history is recounted of developing the sterile insect technique to eradicate the screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), from the Caribbean island of Curacao, Florida and the southeastern U.S. Observations of screwworm biology and challenges faced in conducting these eradication projects are described by the author who worked on all aspects of the research and field operations. Eradication was first demonstrated on Curacao, essentially a 170 mi² outdoor laboratory. The population dynamics of the wild screwworm was determined and overflooding ratios and dispersal patterns essential for population suppression were defined. Eradication was achieved with minimal resources by attacking the pest …

Capeweed And Its Management

Grains and other field crops factsheets

Capeweed (Arctotheca calendula) is a prostrate, stemless, sprawling annual herb that germinates during autumn and winter. In Western Australia (WA), competition from 7 to 90 capeweed plants per square metre in a wheat crop can reduce crop yield by 28 to 44% and net return by 25 to 76%.

Pemanfaatan Fenomena Pembentukan Buah Partenokarpi Dalam Perspektif Pertanian Di Indonesia, Anne Nuraini, Kusumiyati Kusumiyati, Syariful Mubarok, Muhammad Qonit, Firman Rezaldi

Jurnal Kultivasi

Sari. Buah merupakan organ reproduktif yang memainkan peranan penting pada tanaman dalam proses perbanyakan tanaman dan penyebaran biji. Biji akan terbentuk akibat adanya proses polinasi dan fertilisasi. Pada beberapa jenis buah keberadaan biji tidak diinginkan, sehingga sekarang sudah banyak dikembangkan buah tanpa biji atau buah partenokarpi. Secara garis besar partenokarpi terdiri dari dua kelompok utama, yaitu partenokarpi alami dan partenokarpi buatan. Pisang, tomat, dan manggis merupakan contoh tanaman yang bersifat partenokarpi alami. Pembetukan buah partenokarpi dapat dilakukan melalui beberapa cara diantaranya adalah penggunaan hormone auksin/giberelin, iridiasi polen, perubahan jumlah kromosom, gene  silencing, modifikasi gen, dan genome editing tools. Review ini …

Postharvest Characterization And Storage Of Fresh Katmon Fruit (Dillenia Philippinensis), Leonisa Artes

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Katmon fruit has great economic potential but little is known about its postharvest behavior. This study characterized the katmon fruit after harvest so that appropriate handling may be recommended to extend its shelf life during storage or market display. Physicochemical characteristics, particularly firmness, pH, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acids (TA), and TSS:TA ratio were evaluated during storage under room condition (22°C) and at low temperature (15°C). These characteristics were almost constant under 22°C or at 15°C for two weeks, with pH at 2.8, TSS at about 3.40°Brix, TA at 1.1 – 1.5%, and TSS:TA ratio at 3.1 – 2.04. …

Pemanfaatan Kandungan Metabolit Sekunder Pada Tanaman Kunyit Dalam Mendukung Peningkatan Pendapatan Masyarakat, Yayuk Purwaningrum, Dedi Kusbiantoro

Jurnal Kultivasi

Abstract. Curcumin is an active component that is widely contained in turmeric. In addition to protecting the liver from damage, it  also works as a powerful antioxidant (capturing free radicals harmful to body cells), able toprevent the doubling of cancer cells, can reduce cholesterol and works as anti-inflammation. Recent research proves that Curcumin can also prevent colon cancer. This curcumin has been widely studied by experts both domestic and foreign as a hepatoprotector (protector of the liver from damage) and accelerate the regeneration of liver cells. The modern medic still entrusted liver therapy using Curcumin, as it is safer than …

Compositional Properties Of Flours And Starches From The Philippine National Seed And Industry Council-Registered Root Crops, Edgardo Tulin

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Based in the Visayas State University, Philippines, the germplasm collection of the Philippine Root Crops Research and Training Center (PhilRootcrops) is home to several varieties that have not been fully characterized for their potential use in the production of functional foods. This study evaluated the compositional properties, amylose/amylopectin ratio, and glycemic index of flour and starches of 10 varieties of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. (Lam)), and taro (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott); 8 varieties of yam (Dioscorea alata L.); and 5 varieties of arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea L.), which was the recommended …

Sustainability And Health Impacts Of Pulse Crops In The United States Using Life Cycle Assessment, Prathamesh Bandekar

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Environmental sustainability and human health impact of pulses produced and consumed in the United States was assessed using life cycle assessment (LCA). The study included three objectives 1) to estimate environmental impact of current production and consumption practices in the United States using attributional LCA; 2) to estimate environmental and human health impact of iso-caloric diets containing varying amounts of pulses using Hybrid-LCA and Combined Nutritional and Environmental-LCA (CONE-LCA); and 3) to estimate environmental impact of increased demand for pulses using consequential LCA. Scope of the study varied for each objective with system boundary encompassing cradle-to-grave activities for objective 1 …

Guide To Supplementary Feeding And Budgeting

Animal production and livestock factsheets

Supplementary feeding of sheep, with grain, hay or silage is necessary when pastures or stubbles are deficient in energy and protein.

A good supplementary feeding program will ensure sheep utilise as much dry paddock feed as possible as well as provide sufficient supplementary feed for maintenance or growth.

The Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development recommends supplementary or confined paddock feeding to maintain livestock productivity and avoid animal welfare and soil erosion problems.