Aged Rats Are Hypo-Responsive To Acute Restraint: Implications For Psychosocial Stress In Aging,
2014
University of Kentucky
Aged Rats Are Hypo-Responsive To Acute Restraint: Implications For Psychosocial Stress In Aging, Heather M. Buechel, Jelena Popovic, Kendra Staggs, Katie L. Anderson, Olivier Thibault, Eric M. Blalock
Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications
Cognitive processes associated with prefrontal cortex and hippocampus decline with age and are vulnerable to disruption by stress. The stress/stress hormone/allostatic load hypotheses of brain aging posit that brain aging, at least in part, is the manifestation of life-long stress exposure. In addition, as humans age, there is a profound increase in the incidence of new onset stressors, many of which are psychosocial (e.g., loss of job, death of spouse, social isolation), and aged humans are well-understood to be more vulnerable to the negative consequences of such new-onset chronic psychosocial stress events. However, the mechanistic underpinnings of this age-related shift …
Environews #7,
2014
University of Western Ontario
Environews #7, Richard Philp
Data and Test Instruments
Artificial sweeteners in rivers, arsenic underground, gutting of environmental protection laws are topics discussed.
The Characterization Of Pb2+ Toxicity In Rat Neural Development: An Assessment Of Pb2+ Effects On The Gaba Shift In Neural Networks And Implications For Learning And Memory Disruption,
2014
CUNY Graduate Center
The Characterization Of Pb2+ Toxicity In Rat Neural Development: An Assessment Of Pb2+ Effects On The Gaba Shift In Neural Networks And Implications For Learning And Memory Disruption, Lorenz Simon Neuwirth
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The toxic effects of Pb2+ on the developing rat nervous system has been investigated to assess early developmental GABAergic disruption and its implications with altering inhibitory learning and memory. This goal was achieved using a multi-systems approach: blood lead levels (clinical physiology), qRT-PCR (molecular genetics), brain and primary neuronal culture immunology (immunohistochemical and cellular approaches), physiological cellular components (synaptosomes and protein expression) and finally through learning and memory assessment with GABA mimetic drug manipulations in the intact animal (behavioral pharmacology). The influence of a 956ppm Pb2+ gestational diet (i.e. from birth to sacrifice) resulted in pup mean blood lead levels …
Characterization Of Particle Emissions And Fate Of Nanomaterials During Incineration,
2014
University of South Carolina
Characterization Of Particle Emissions And Fate Of Nanomaterials During Incineration, Eric P. Vejerano, Elena C. Leon, Amara L. Holder, Linsey C. Marr
Faculty Publications
As the use of nanotechnology in consumer products continues to grow, it is inevitable that some nanomaterials will end up in the waste stream and will be incinerated. Through laboratory-scale incineration of paper and plastic wastes containing nanomaterials, we assessed their effect on emissions of particulate matter (PM) and the effect of incineration on the nanomaterials themselves. The presence of nanomaterials did not significantly influence the particle number emission factor. The PM size distribution was not affected except at very high mass loadings (10 wt%) of the nanomaterial, in which case the PM shifted toward smaller sizes; such loadings are …
The Rak/Frk Tyrosine Kinase Associates With And Internalizes The Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor,
2014
University of Kentucky
The Rak/Frk Tyrosine Kinase Associates With And Internalizes The Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, Ling Jin, Rolf J. Craven
Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications
Src is the founding member of a diverse family of intracellular tyrosine kinases, and Src has a key role in promoting cancer growth, in part, through its association with receptor tyrosine kinases. However, some Src-related proteins have widely divergent physiological roles, and these proteins include the Rak/Frk tyrosine kinase (Frk stands for Fyn-related kinase), which inhibits cancer cell growth and suppresses tumorigenesis. Rak/Frk phosphorylates and stabilizes the Pten tumor suppressor, protecting it from degradation, and Rak/Frk associates with the retinoblastoma (Rb) tumor suppressor. However, the role of Rak/Frk in receptor-mediated signaling is largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that Rak/Frk associates …
Changing Microspatial Patterns Of Sulfate-Reducing Microorganisms (Srm) During Cycling Of Marine Stromatolite Mats,
2014
University of South Carolina - Columbia
Changing Microspatial Patterns Of Sulfate-Reducing Microorganisms (Srm) During Cycling Of Marine Stromatolite Mats, Alexandru I. Petrisor, Sandra Szyjka, Tomohiro Kawaguchi, Pieter T. Visscher, Robert Sean Norman, Alan W. Decho
Faculty Publications
Microspatial arrangements of sulfate-reducing microorganisms (SRM) in surface microbial mats (~1.5 mm) forming open marine stromatolites were investigated. Previous research revealed three different mat types associated with these stromatolites, each with a unique petrographic signature. Here we focused on comparing “non-lithifying” (Type-1) and “lithifying” (Type-2) mats. Our results revealed three major trends: (1) Molecular typing using the dsrA probe revealed a shift in the SRM community composition between Type-1 and Type-2 mats. Fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) coupled to confocal scanning-laser microscopy (CSLM)-based image analyses, and 35SO42−-silver foil patterns showed that SRM were present in surfaces of …
An Introduction To Drugs And The Neuroscience Of Behavior,
2014
Northern Michigan University
An Introduction To Drugs And The Neuroscience Of Behavior, Adam J. Prus
Books
This up-to-date text provides an introductory overview of the nervous system actions and behavioral effects of the major classes of psychoactive drugs, using pedagogy unique among pharmacology texts to make the topic approachable.
Cycloastragenol, A Triterpene Aglycone Derived From Radix Astragali, Suppresses The Accumulation Of Cytoplasmic Lipid Droplet In 3t3-L1 Adipocytes (Abstract),
2014
Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
Cycloastragenol, A Triterpene Aglycone Derived From Radix Astragali, Suppresses The Accumulation Of Cytoplasmic Lipid Droplet In 3t3-L1 Adipocytes (Abstract), Shifeng Wang, Chenxi Zhai, Qing Liu, Xing Wang, Zhenzhen Ren, Yuxin Zhang, Yanling Zhang, Qinghua Wu, Shengnan Sun, Shiyou Li, Yanjiang Qiao
NCPC Publications and Patents
No abstract provided.
Identification Of Natural Compound Carnosol As A Novel Trpa1 Receptor Agonist,
2014
Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
Identification Of Natural Compound Carnosol As A Novel Trpa1 Receptor Agonist, Chenxi Zhai, Qing Liu, Yuxin Zhang, Shifeng Wang, Yanling Zhang, Shiyou Li, Yanjiang Qiao
NCPC Publications and Patents
The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) cation channel is one of the well-known targets for pain therapy. Herbal medicine is a rich source for new drugs and potentially useful therapeutic agents. To discover novel natural TRPA1 agonists, compounds isolated from Chinese herbs were screened using a cell-based calcium mobilization assay. Out of the 158 natural compounds derived from traditional Chinese herbal medicines, carnosol was identified as a novel agonist of TRPA1 with an EC50 value of 12.46 µM. And the agonistic effect of carnosol on TRPA1 could be blocked by A-967079, a selective TRPA1 antagonist. Furthermore, the specificity of …
Chemical Constituents From Pterocarpus Soyauxii,
2014
National Center for Pharmaceutical Crops, Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture, Stephen F. Austin State University
Chemical Constituents From Pterocarpus Soyauxii, Zushang Su, Ping Wang, Wei Yuan, Shiyou Li
NCPC Publications and Patents
Three new benzofurans (1-3) and one new isoflavan (4), pteroyanin G, H, I and J, together with 21 known compounds, were isolated from the heartwood of Pterocarpus soyauxii. Their structures were determined by the NMR and MS spectral data in comparison with literature data. Compounds (1-25) did not show cytotoxicity against three human cancer cell lines, A549, Panc-28, and HCT-116 (Gl50 > 50 μM)
Ethnobotany Of Camptotheca Decaisne: New Discoveries Of Old Medicinal Uses,
2014
Stephen F Austin State University, Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture
Ethnobotany Of Camptotheca Decaisne: New Discoveries Of Old Medicinal Uses, Shiyou Li, Wanli Zhang
NCPC Publications and Patents
Camptotheca trees had been used as fuelwood and an ornamental species in its native China. There were no reports on medicinal uses of Camptotheca in China and thus it was believed the trees had no medicinal before its antitumor activity discovered in 1957. We conducted national surveys of Camptotheca in China from 1994 to 1999. We found that Camptotheca acuminate is commonly known as happytree (xi shu) because the trees can be used as folk medicine to cure stubborn phlegm as well as other diseases, thus making patients “happy”. There are three local names to refer the uses of C. …
Trichome Management To Enhance Camptothecins In Camptotheca Decaisne,
2014
Stephen F Austin State University, Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture
Trichome Management To Enhance Camptothecins In Camptotheca Decaisne, Shiyou Li, Zhizhen Zhang, Ping Wang, Wei Yuan
NCPC Publications and Patents
Inducible chemical defenses of plants have received much attention in the last three decades, and these defenses often involve trichomes. It is known that some plant secondary metabolites may accumulate in trichomes which can protect plants from damage by herbivores. However, studies on plant trichomes are largely limited to some major vegetable or cash crops and model species with large glandular trichomes (e.g., Nictotiana and Arabidopsis). In fact, the existing studies on the effect of damage (pruning or defoliation) on trichome density or chemical production in plants are partial and even contradictory. Management strategies to maximize chemical induction in …
Subthreshold Toxic Effects Of Atrazine And Three Degradates On Behavior In Procambarus Clarkii,
2014
Marshall University
Subthreshold Toxic Effects Of Atrazine And Three Degradates On Behavior In Procambarus Clarkii, Carol B. Starkey
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Atrazine is among the most heavily applied pesticides worldwide, and recent evidence suggests that it may be unsafe at environmental levels. It is a known endocrine disruptor and a suggested neurotoxin. The US EPA Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) is 3 μg/L for human ingestion and 200 μg/L for limited human exposure. Several environmentally persistent degradates have been identified, including deethylatrazine (DEA), deisopropylatrazine (DIA) and hydroxyatrazine (HA). No MCLs have been established for these degradates, although some are suggested toxins. Thus, there remains concern for the risk associated with the presence of atrazine and its degradates in the environment. Currently little …
Role Of Bumetanide On Insulin Secretion,
2014
Wright State University
Role Of Bumetanide On Insulin Secretion, Mohammed Mashari Almutairi
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
Insulin secretion depends on the electrical properties of the ß-cells in pancreatic islets. The consensus mechanism of insulin secretion involves glucose-stimulated metabolic increase in the ATP/ADP ratio. This increase closes ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels resulting in ß-cell plasma membrane depolarization, which in turn activates voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels further resulting in Ca2+ influx and release of insulin stored in granules. In addition to this well-known consensus mechanism, insulin secretion also depends on electrogenic efflux of Cl- ions. The Na+K 2Cl- cotransporters (NKCCs) maintain the intracellular concentration of Cl- ([Cl-]i) at values higher than those predicted at thermodynamic equilibrium. This distribution of …
Nudging The Fda,
2014
University of New Hampshire School of Law
Nudging The Fda, W. Nicholson Price Ii, I. Glenn Cohen
Law Faculty Scholarship
[Excerpt] "The FDA’s regulation of drugs is frequently the subject of policy debate, with arguments falling into two camps. On the one hand, a libertarian view of patients and the health care system holds high the value of consumer choice. Patients should get all the information and the drugs they want; the FDA should do what it can to enforce some basic standards but should otherwise get out of the way. On the other hand, a paternalist view values the FDA’s role as an expert agency standing between patients and a set of potentially dangerous drugs and potentially unscrupulous or …
Re: Pierce Et Al. Diacetyl And 2,3-Pentanedione Exposures Associated With Cigarette Smoking: Implications For Risk Assessment Of Food And Flavoring Workers Crit Rev Toxicol, 2014; 44(5): 420-435,
2014
Old Dominion University
Re: Pierce Et Al. Diacetyl And 2,3-Pentanedione Exposures Associated With Cigarette Smoking: Implications For Risk Assessment Of Food And Flavoring Workers Crit Rev Toxicol, 2014; 44(5): 420-435, Muge Akpinar-Elci, Omur Cinar Elci
Center for Global Health Publications
We were greatly dismayed by Pierce et al.’ s report on the associations between exposure to Diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione and cigarette smoking (Pierce et al. 2014). It stated that “ Diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione exposures from cigarette smoking far exceed occupational exposures for most food/flavoring workers who smoke. ” Based on this finding, the authors suggested that “ previous claims of a significant exposure – response relationship between diacetyl inhalation and respiratory disease in food/flavoring workers were confounded because none of the investigations considered or quantified the non-occupational diacetyl exposure from cigarette smoke, yet all the cohorts evaluated had considerable smoking …
Integrating Phage Therapy Into Western Medicine,
2014
Virginia Commonwealth University
Integrating Phage Therapy Into Western Medicine, Jacob B. Jaminet
UROP Posters
The World Health Organization has described the rise of antibiotic use as a “global heath security emergency” (who.int). With the growing concern about antibiotic resistant bacteria, there has been an increased interest in bacteriophages. Bacteriophages are high-specific viruses that only infect bacteria. The use of bacteriophages medicinally to treat bacteria is called phage therapy. Research in phage therapy gained momentum until the introduction of antibiotics. While the USA and other Western countries accepted antibiotics, the Soviet Union and their satellite nations still continued to research phages. Since the funding for research was supplied by the Soviet military, the results of …
Comparative Study Of Postmortem Blood, Urine And Vitreous Humor Methamphetamine,
2014
Chulalongkorn University
Comparative Study Of Postmortem Blood, Urine And Vitreous Humor Methamphetamine, Rungtip Narapanyakul, Wichian Tungtananuwat, Patramon Yongpanich, Theerin Sinchai, Nantana Thong-Ra-Ar, Somsong Lawanprasert
The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Methamphetamine (MA) is a highly addictive and toxic central nervous system stimulant. Urine samples are used as evidences of MA abuse under the Narcotics Laws, whereas blood samples are specimens for investigation of MA poisoning. However, both specimen...
Evaluation Of Antioxidant And Free Radical Scavenging Activities Of Different Fractions Of Pterospermum Suberifolium Leaf Extract,
2014
Chulalongkorn University
Evaluation Of Antioxidant And Free Radical Scavenging Activities Of Different Fractions Of Pterospermum Suberifolium Leaf Extract, Dibyajyoti Saha, Swati Paul
The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
The study was aimed an evaluating the antioxidant activities of the various leaf extracts (ethyl acetate, n- butanol and chloroform) of Pterospermum suberifolium by using various in vitro antioxidant assays. The total polyphenols were also determined spe...
Determination Of Retinol And Alpha-Tocopherol In Avocado Nanoemulsion With Monolithic Column,
2014
Chulalongkorn University
Determination Of Retinol And Alpha-Tocopherol In Avocado Nanoemulsion With Monolithic Column, Wisanu Thongchai
The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
A high performance liquid chromatographic procedure was developed for separation of retinol and a-tocopherol from avocado oil. The extraction methods were studied to extract of oil from avocado sample. This method was developed and validated for various ...
