Direct And Rapid Characterization Of Illicit Drugs In Adulterated Samples Using Thermal Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Direct And Rapid Characterization Of Illicit Drugs In Adulterated Samples Using Thermal Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry, S.-C. Cheng, Y.-D. Tsai, C.-W. Lee, B.-H. Chen, J. Shiea
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Foods and drinks have been adulterated with illicit drugs to facilitate criminal activities. Unfortunately, conventional analytical methods are incapable of rapidly characterizing these drugs in samples, as serious interferences from sample matrices must be removed through tedious and time-consuming pretreatment. Ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AMS) generally does not require sample pretreatment and is thus a suitable tool for directly and rapidly detecting illicit drugs in samples in different physical states. In this study, thermal desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (TD-ESI/MS), an AMS technique, was utilized to efficiently characterize illicit drugs spiked in samples including drinks, powders, and jelly candies. To …
Using Gas Chromatography And Mass Spectrometry To Determine 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels For Clinical Assessment Of Vitamin D Deficiency,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Using Gas Chromatography And Mass Spectrometry To Determine 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels For Clinical Assessment Of Vitamin D Deficiency, M.-Y. Yang, C.-Y. Huang, T.H.T. Chiu, K.-C. Chang, M.-N. Lin, L.-Y. Chen, A. Hu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Vitamin D is responsible for multiple metabolic functions in humans. Rickets are the most common disease caused by vitamin D deficiency. It is caused by poor calcium intake resulting in poor serum-ionized calcium. The purpose of this study is to develop a rapid, sensitive, and feasible method to determine the 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) levels in blood samples for clinical assessment. In this study, gas chromatography coupled mass spectrometry with trimethylsilyl derivatization (TMS-GC-MS) is the most suitable protocol for quantitative analyses of 25(OH)D3. Performance of method was evaluated and compared with liquid chromatography and immunoassay. Method validation has been carried out …
Current Status Of Maldi-Tof Mass Spectrometry In Clinical Microbiology,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Current Status Of Maldi-Tof Mass Spectrometry In Clinical Microbiology, T.-Y. Hou, C. Chiang-Ni, S.-H. Teng
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Mass spectrometry (MS) is a type of analysis used to determine what molecules make up a sample, based on the mass spectrum that are created by the ions. Mass spectrometers are able to perform traditional target analyte identification and quantitation; however, they may also be used within a clinical setting for the rapid identification of bacteria. The causative agent in sepsis is changed over time, and clinical decisions affecting the management of infections are often based on the outcomes of bacterial identification. Therefore, it is essential that such identifications are performed quickly and interpreted correctly. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight …
Utilizing Proteomic Approach To Identify Nuclear Translocation Related Serine Kinase Phosphorylation Site Of Gnmt As Downstream Effector For Benzo[A]Pyrene,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Utilizing Proteomic Approach To Identify Nuclear Translocation Related Serine Kinase Phosphorylation Site Of Gnmt As Downstream Effector For Benzo[A]Pyrene, M.-H. Yang, C.-C. Liao, J.-H. Hung, X.-T. Lai, C.-H. Yen, Y.-M.A. Chen
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT) protein is highly expressed in certain tissues, such as liver, pancreas, and prostate. GNMT serves multiple roles which include a methyl group transfer enzyme and a liver tumor suppressor. Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), a family member of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), is a known environmental carcinogen found in coal tar, tobacco smoke, barbecued food and incomplete combustion of auto fuel. BaP recruits cytochrome P450 to transform itself into benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide (B(a)PDE), which covalently interacts with DNA causing tumorigenesis. BaP can be detoxified through GNMT and induces GNMT translocation into the cellular nucleus. GNMT translocation is accompanied by phosphorylation, but the …
Detection Of Bpde-Dna Adducts In Human Umbilical Cord Blood By Lc-Ms/Ms Analysis,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Detection Of Bpde-Dna Adducts In Human Umbilical Cord Blood By Lc-Ms/Ms Analysis, L. Guo, X. Jiang, H.-Y. Tian, S.-J. Yao, B.-Y. Li, R.-J. Zhang, S.-S. Zhang, X. Sun
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Benzo [a]pyrene (BaP) is a model compound for the study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) carcinogenesis. Upon metabolism, BaP is metabolized to the ultimate metabolite, BaP trans-7,8-diol-anti-9,10-epoxide (BPDE), that reacts with cellular DNA to form BPDE-dG adducts responsible for BaP-induced mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity. In this study, we employed our developed LC-MS/MS method to detect and quantity BPDE-dG adducts present in 42 normal human umbilical cord blood samples and 42 birth defect cases. We determined that there is no significant difference in the level of BPDE-dG formation between the normal and birth defect groups. This represents the first time to …
A Highly Sensitive Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method With In-Source Fragmentation For Rapid Quantification Of Raspberry Ketone,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
A Highly Sensitive Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method With In-Source Fragmentation For Rapid Quantification Of Raspberry Ketone, B. Yuan, D. Zhao, R. Du, D. Kshatriya, N.T. Bello, J.E. Simon, Q. Wu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Raspberry ketone (RK) is the characteristic aromatic compound in raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) with wide applications as food additive and anti-obesity agent. However, quantification of RK has presented difficulties in MS detection and reliable LC-MS method for RK analysis in literature is in limit to date. In order to facilitate quality control of raspberry derived products and RK metabolomics study, this study aimed to develop a validated and sensitive UHPLC-MS/MS method. Strong in-source fragmentation was noted and the fragmental ion of 107 m/z produced was selected as the precursor ion for MRM detection, and as such the electrospray ionization performance …
Nelumbo Nucifera Leaves Extract Attenuate The Pathological Progression Of Diabetic Nephropathy In High-Fat Diet-Fed And Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Nelumbo Nucifera Leaves Extract Attenuate The Pathological Progression Of Diabetic Nephropathy In High-Fat Diet-Fed And Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats, H.-W. Chen, M.-Y. Yang, T.-W. Hung, Y.-C. Chang, C.-J. Wang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Diabetic nephropathy is not only a common and severe microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus but also the leading cause of renal failure. Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) possesses antioxidative and anticancer properties. The present study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic and renoprotective effects of N. nucifera leaf extract (NLE) in a rat model of type 2 diabetic mellitus. Male Sprague–Dawley rats with type 2 diabetes induced by a high-fat diet (HFD)/streptozotocin (STZ) were treated with NLE at dosages of 0.5% and 1% (w/w) daily for 6 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, body weight, serum glucose levels, insulin levels, and …
Risk Of Adverse Cardiovascular Events With Use Of Inhaled Long-Acting Bronchodilators In Management Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Risk Of Adverse Cardiovascular Events With Use Of Inhaled Long-Acting Bronchodilators In Management Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, M.-T. Wang, J.-H. Lai, C.-L. Tsai, J.-T. Liou
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Inhaled long-acting bronchodilators, including long-acting β2 agonists (LABAs) and long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) are the mainstay therapy in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a disease that poses a heavy burden on morbidity and mortality worldwide. Use of LABAs and LAMAs in patients with COPD, however, has been concerned about an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events, despite inconsistent findings reported from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies. In this review, we detailed the relevant evidence generated from RCTs and observational studies with respect to the risk of cardiovascular disease with use of LABAs and LAMAs in …
A Nutraceutical Extract From Inula Viscosa Leaves: Uhplc-Hr-Ms/Ms Based Polyphenol Profile, And Antioxidant And Cytotoxic Activities,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
A Nutraceutical Extract From Inula Viscosa Leaves: Uhplc-Hr-Ms/Ms Based Polyphenol Profile, And Antioxidant And Cytotoxic Activities, N. Brahmi-Chendouh, S. Piccolella, G. Crescente, F. Pacifico, L. Boulekbache, S. Hamri-Zeghichi, S. Akkal, K. Madani, S. Pacifico
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Nowadays, advanced extraction techniques and highly sensitive metabolic profiling methods are effectively employed to get new information on plant chemical constituents. Among them wild medicinal plants or their parts, with large and ancient use in folk medicine, are investigated for their potential functional use and cultivation. In this context, Inula viscosa leaves engaged our attention. A simple experimental design, based on Soxhlet extraction and chromatographic fractionation, allowed us to obtain the investigated polyphenol fraction (IvE). UHPLC-HRMS analyses revealed shikimoyl depsides of caffeic acid and unusual dihydrobenzofuran lignans as main secondary metabolites. These compounds, together with cinchonain-type phenols, and hydroxycinnamoyl flavonol …
Direct Injection High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled To Data Independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry For The Screening Of Antibiotics In Honey,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Direct Injection High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled To Data Independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry For The Screening Of Antibiotics In Honey, Eyken A. Von, D. Furlong, S. Arooni, F. Butterworth, J.-F. Roy, J. Zweigenbaum, S. Bayen
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The targeted analysis of veterinary drug residues in honey traditionally involves a series of extraction and purification steps prior to quantification with high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution or tandem mass spectrometry. These steps, designed to separate the target analytes from interferences, are generally time-consuming and costly. In addition, traditional cleanup steps are likely to eliminate other compounds whose analysis could prove decisive in current or future assessment of the honey sample. Alternatively, direct injection without complex sample preparation steps has been introduced for the fast analysis of trace compounds in environmental and food matrices. The aim of …
Revisit Gut Microbiota And Its Impact On Human Health And Disease,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Revisit Gut Microbiota And Its Impact On Human Health And Disease, R.-X. Ding, W.-R. Goh, R.-N. Wu, X.-Q. Yue, X. Luo, W.W.T. Khine, J.-R. Wu, Y.-K. Lee
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Trillions of microbes have evolved with and continue to live on human beings. With the rapid advances in tools and technology in recent years, new knowledge and insight in cross-talk between the microbes and their hosts have gained. It is the aim of this work to critically review and summarize recent literature reports on the role of microbiota and mechanisms involved in the progress and development of major human diseases, which include obesity, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), gout, depression and arthritis, as well as infant health and longevity. © 2019
Next Generation Probiotics In Disease Amelioration,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Next Generation Probiotics In Disease Amelioration, C.-J. Chang, T.-L. Lin, Y.-L. Tsai, T.-R. Wu, W.-F. Lai, C.-C. Lu, H.-C. Lai
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Studies on the role of gut commensal bacteria in health development have rapidly attracted much more attention beyond the classical pathogens over the last decade. Many important reports have highlighted the changes in the gut microbiota (dysbiosis) are closely related to development of intra- and extra-intestinal, chronic inflammation related diseases such as colitis, obesity/metabolic syndromes, diabetes mellitus, liver diseases, cardiovascular diseases and also cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. To circumvent these difficulties, the strategy of modulating the structure of the gut microbiota has been under intensive study and shed more light on amelioration of these inflammation related diseases. While traditional probiotics …
Psychobiotics In Mental Health, Neurodegenerative And Neurodevelopmental Disorders,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Psychobiotics In Mental Health, Neurodegenerative And Neurodevelopmental Disorders, L.-H. Cheng, Y.-W. Liu, C.-C. Wu, S. Wang, Y.-C. Tsai
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Psychobiotics are a group of probiotics that affect the central nervous system (CNS) related functions and behaviors mediated by the gut-brain-axis (GBA) via immune, humoral, neural, and metabolic pathways to improve not only the gastrointestinal (GI) function but also the antidepressant and anxiolytic capacity. As a novel class of probiotics, the application of psychobiotics has led researchers to focus on a new area in neuroscience. In the past five years, some psychobiotics strains were reported to inhibit inflammation and decreased cortisol levels, resulting in an amelioration of the symptoms of anxiety and depression. Psychobiotics are efficacious in improving neurodegenerative and …
An Ultra-Rapid Drug Screening Method For Acetaminophen In Blood Serum Based On Probe Electrospray Ionization-Tandem Mass Spectrometry,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
An Ultra-Rapid Drug Screening Method For Acetaminophen In Blood Serum Based On Probe Electrospray Ionization-Tandem Mass Spectrometry, K. Usui, H. Kobayashi, Y. Fujita, E. Kubota, T. Hanazawa, T. Yoshizawa, Y. Kamijo, M. Funayama
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Poisoning incidents caused by drugs, accidental ingestion of poisons, attempted suicide, homicide, and exposure to toxic compounds occur frequently every year across the globe. This raises the need to rapidly identify toxic agents in poisoned patients in a clinical emergency setting. In addition, determining drug/poison concentration is undoubtedly necessary to arrive at a toxicological treatment plan. The purpose of this study was to develop an ultra-rapid drug screening method for the clinical treatment of poisoning. Probe electrospray ionization (PESI), one of the ambient ionization techniques, is able to detect compounds from various biological materials almost directly. We applied the PESI …
Simultaneous Quantification Of Six Indicator Compounds In Wen-Qing-Yin By High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detection,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Simultaneous Quantification Of Six Indicator Compounds In Wen-Qing-Yin By High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detection, C.-C. Yeh, S.-S. Huang, P.-Y. Liu, B.-C. Wang, C.-F. Tsai, D.-Y. Wang, H.-F. Cheng
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
A simple gradient high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) method was used to simultaneously to analyze characteristics of six indicator compounds in the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulation Wen-Qing-Yin (WQY). Separate optimization was performed using a Cosmosil C18 column gradient method with 0.1% formic acid in both mobile phases of aqueous and acetonitrile (ACN), at a flow rate, detection wavelength, and sample volume of 1.8 mL/min, 268 nm, and 10 μL, respectively. The linear regression of six active compounds berberine (BER), baicalin (BAI), ferulic acid (FER), geniposide (GEN), hydorxymethoxylfurfural (HMF), and paeoniflorin (PAE) was produced at the concentration …
Potential Prebiotics And Their Transmission Mechanisms: Recent Approaches,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Potential Prebiotics And Their Transmission Mechanisms: Recent Approaches, I. Khangwal, P. Shukla
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Prebiotics are non-digestible carbohydrates which can be used as prime source of energy for gut microflora. These can be naturally occurring in fruit and vegetables or can be made synthetically by enzymatic digestions. New versatile sources of prebiotics had been found nowadays for economic commercialization. This review will decipher on highlighting the importance of prebiotics in immunomodulation and nutrient absorption abilities of gut, as it is important for the anti-effective capacity of the organism especially in the neonatal period. Moreover, new prebiotics transmission strategies with higher penetrating capacity such as microencapsulation and immobilization have been discussed. In addition to this, …
Multi-Residue Analysis Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry For Detection Of 20 Coccidiostats In Poultry, Livestock, And Aquatic Tissues,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Multi-Residue Analysis Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry For Detection Of 20 Coccidiostats In Poultry, Livestock, And Aquatic Tissues, S.-H. Chang, Y.-H. Lai, C.-N. Huang, G.-J. Peng, C.-D. Liao, Y.-M. Kao, S.-H. Tseng, D.-Y. Wang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
In this study, we developed a novel analysis method based on liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) to allow the simultaneous identification of 20 coccidiostats in eight matrix categories, including the muscles of chicken, swine, cow, and fish as well as chicken eggs, bovine milk, and porcine viscera. In the pretreatment procedure, acetonitrile/methanol (95:5, v/v) containing 1% formic acid, 5 g of sodium acetate, and 6.0 g of anhydrous magnesium sulfate was used for extraction, followed by a clean-up procedure using n-hexane saturated with ACN to facilitate the elimination of analytes from high lipid samples. Chromatographic separations were achieved using a …
Determination Of Phenylenediamines In Hair Colors Derivatizated With 5-(4, 6-Dichlorotriazinyl)Aminofluorescein Via Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Determination Of Phenylenediamines In Hair Colors Derivatizated With 5-(4, 6-Dichlorotriazinyl)Aminofluorescein Via Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography, H.-Y. Ko, Y.-H. Lin, C.-J. Shih, Y.-L. Chen
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Phenylenediamines (PDs), which are reported to cause allergic dermatitis and possess genotoxicity and carcinogenicity, are the ingredients used in permanent hair dyes. The fluorescent derivatization strategy coupled with micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) were established to analyze four PDs, including o-phenylenediamine (OPD), m-phenylenediamine (MPD), p-phenylenediamine (PPD) and toluene-2,5-diamine (PTD). Additionally, 5-(4, 6-dichlorotriazinyl) aminofluorescein (DTAF) was used as a fluorescent reagent derived at amino groups of PDs and underwent nucleophilic substitution reaction to improve the detection sensitivity. The derivatization condition reacted at 90 °C for 10 min in alkaline conditions. The optimized separation conditions were 20 mM borate (pH 8.0) containing 10 …
Proanthocyanidins From The Stem Bark Of Rhus Tripartita Ameliorate Methylgloxal-Induced Endothelial Cell Apoptosis,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Proanthocyanidins From The Stem Bark Of Rhus Tripartita Ameliorate Methylgloxal-Induced Endothelial Cell Apoptosis, A.S. Alqahtani, W.M. Abdel-Mageed, A.A. Shahat, M.K. Parvez, M.S. Al-Dosari, A. Malik, M.S. Abdel-Kader, M.S. Alsaid
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
In traditional Arabian medicine, the Rhus tripartita plant (family Anacardiaceae) has been used to treat inflammatory conditions. Although Rhus extracts have been reported for their cardioprotective effects, information regarding their active principle compounds remains insufficient. The present investigation was aimed at determining the antioxidant chemical constituents of the methanolic extract of R. tripartita stem bark and evaluating their ability to ameliorate methylglyoxal-induced endothelial cell apoptosis. Ten flavonoid compounds (1–10) were isolated and identified using DPPH radical scavenging bioassay-guided chromatographic separation. A new proanthocyanidin (rhuspartin) (1) was isolated and identified as 3,5,13,14-flavantetrol-(4β→8)-catechin, using extensive spectroscopic data and high resolution-mass spectrometry. Among …
Determination Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs) In Cosmetic Products By Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Determination Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs) In Cosmetic Products By Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry, S.-W. Wang, K.-H. Hsu, S.-C. Huang, S.-H. Tseng, D.-Y. Wang, H.-F. Cheng
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
A gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) method is developed to determine 18 representative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in cosmetics, including Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and others. The method offers high sensitivity and selectivity under selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode to satisfy the requirements of both quantitation and qualitation. The extraction solvent system used in this study is acetone/hexane 1:1 (v/v) and other purification procedure is unnecessary. The linearities of 18 PAHs are validated in different concentration in the range of 0.25–20 ng/mL individually with coefficient correlation (r) higher than 0.996. The recoveries for spiking 3 different concentrations are from …
