Polyphenols With Antiglycation Activity And Mechanisms Of Action: A Review Of Recent Findings,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Polyphenols With Antiglycation Activity And Mechanisms Of Action: A Review Of Recent Findings, W.-J. Yeh, S.-M. Hsia, W.-H. Lee, C.-H. Wu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are substances composed of amino groups of proteins and reducing sugars. The initial and propagation phases of the glycation process are accompanied by the production of a large amount of free radicals, carbonyl species, and reactive dicarbonyl species, of which, methylglyoxal (MG) is the most reactive and can cause dicarbonyl stress, influencing normal physiological functions. In the advanced phase, the production of AGEs and the interaction between AGEs and their receptor, RAGE, are also considered to be among the causes of chronic diseases, oxidative stress, and inflammatory reaction. Till date, multiple physiological activities of polyphenols …
Black Garlic: A Critical Review Of Its Production, Bioactivity, And Application,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Black Garlic: A Critical Review Of Its Production, Bioactivity, And Application, S. Kimura, Y.-C. Tung, M.-H. Pan, N.-W. Su, Y.-J. Lai, K.-C. Cheng
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Black garlic is obtained from fresh garlic (Allium sativum L.) that has been fermented for a period of time at a controlled high temperature (60–90°C) under controlled high humidity (80–90%). When compared with fresh garlic, black garlic does not release a strong offensive flavor owing to the reduced content of allicin. Enhanced bioactivity of black garlic compared with that of fresh garlic is attributed to its changes in physicochemical properties. Studies concerning the fundamental findings of black garlic, such as its production, bioactivity, and applications, have thus been conducted. Several types of black garlic products are also available in the …
Biopharmaceutical Potentials Of Prosopis Spp. (Mimosaceae, Leguminosa),
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Biopharmaceutical Potentials Of Prosopis Spp. (Mimosaceae, Leguminosa), S. Henciya, P. Seturaman, A.R. James, Y.-H. Tsai, R. Nikam, Y.-C. Wu, H.-U. Dahms, F.R. Chang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Prosopis is a commercially important plant genus, which has been used since ancient times, particularly for medicinal purposes. Traditionally, Paste, gum, and smoke from leaves and pods are applied for anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial purposes. Components of Prosopis such as flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, quinones, or phenolic compounds demonstrate potentials in various biofunctions, such as analgesic, anthelmintic, antibiotic, antiemetic, microbial antioxidant, antimalarial, antiprotozoal, antipustule, and antiulcer activities; enhancement of H+, K+, ATPases; oral disinfection; and probiotic and nutritional effects; as well as in other biopharmaceutical applications, such as binding abilities for tablet production. The compound juliflorine provides a cure in …
Functional Study Of Cordyceps Sinensis And Cordycepin In Male Reproduction: A Review,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Functional Study Of Cordyceps Sinensis And Cordycepin In Male Reproduction: A Review, Y.-C. Chen, Y.-H. Chen, B.-S. Pan, M.-M. Chang, B.-M. Huang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Cordyceps sinensis has various biological and pharmacological functions, and it has been claimed as a tonic supplement for sexual and reproductive dysfunctions for a long time in oriental society. In this article, the in vitro and in vivo effects of C. sinensis and cordycepin on mouse Leydig cell steroidogenesis are briefly described, the stimulatory mechanisms are summarized, and the recent findings related to the alternative substances regulating male reproductive functions are also discussed. © 2016
Chemopreventive Effect Of Natural Dietary Compounds On Xenobiotic-Induced Toxicity,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Chemopreventive Effect Of Natural Dietary Compounds On Xenobiotic-Induced Toxicity, J.-C. Wu, C.-S. Lai, M.-L. Tsai, C.-T. Ho, Y.-J. Wang, M.-H. Pan
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Contaminants (or pollutants) that affect human health have become an important issue, spawning a myriad of studies on how to prevent harmful contaminant-induced effects. Recently, a variety of biological functions of natural dietary compounds derived from consumed foods and plants have been demonstrated in a number of studies. Natural dietary compounds exhibited several beneficial effects for the prevention of disease and the inhibition of chemically-induced carcinogenesis. Contaminant-induced toxicity and carcinogenesis are mostly attributed to the mutagenic activity of reactive metabolites and the disruption of normal biological functions. Therefore, the metabolic regulation of hazardous chemicals is key to reducing contaminant-induced adverse …
An Apple A Day To Prevent Cancer Formation: Reducing Cancer Risk With Flavonoids,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
An Apple A Day To Prevent Cancer Formation: Reducing Cancer Risk With Flavonoids, S.-H. Tu, L.-C. Chen, Y.-S. Ho
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The purpose of this review is to update and discuss key findings from in vitro and in vivo studies on apple and its biocompounds, with a special focus on its anticancer role. Several studies have proposed that apple and its extracts exhibit a variety of biological functions that may contribute to health benefits including beneficial effects against chronic heart and vascular disorders, respiratory and pulmonary dysfunction, diabetes, obesity, and cancer. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanism(s) of various components in apple, as established in previous studies that indicated their growth-inhibitory effects in various cancer cell types. Moreover, an …
Preface,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
4-O-Caffeoylquinic Acid As An Antioxidant Marker For Mulberry Leaves Rich In Phenolic Compounds,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
4-O-Caffeoylquinic Acid As An Antioxidant Marker For Mulberry Leaves Rich In Phenolic Compounds, J.G. Ganzon, L.-G. Chen, C.-C. Wang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves are widely used as herbal tea to prevent heat stroke. Potential chemical markers of the antioxidant properties and its correlation with harvesting times and leaf location were explored in this study. A 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging assay guided isolation of mulberry leaves extract provided five phenolic compounds: 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (1), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (2), gastrodin (3), isoquercetin (4) and rutin (5). The 50% radical-scavenging concentrations (SC50) of these compounds were 32.76 ± 0.27, 11.41 ± 0.48, 404.30 ± 4.92, 10.63 ± 0.96, and 10.57 ± 0.61 μg/mL, respectively. Chromatographic fingerprinting allowed content analysis of 1–5 in samples …
Lactic Acid Bacteria-Fermented Product Of Green Tea And Houttuynia Cordata Leaves Exerts Anti-Adipogenic And Anti-Obesity Effects,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Lactic Acid Bacteria-Fermented Product Of Green Tea And Houttuynia Cordata Leaves Exerts Anti-Adipogenic And Anti-Obesity Effects, L.-C. Wang, T.-M. Pan, T.-Y. Tsai
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Obesity is associated with higher risks of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Green tea, rich in polyphenolic compounds such as epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and epigallocatechin (EGC), has been shown to display anti-obesity effects. Houttuynia cordata leaves have also been shown to exhibit anti-obesity effects due to their chlorogenic acid content. Lactic acid bacteria are able to increase the production of polyphenolic compounds. This study aims to develop a novel anti-obesity fermentation product by combining H. cordata leaf tea with green tea, using Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU 101 (NTU 101) for fermentation due to the advantages of bioconverting the polyphenolic …
Enantioseparation Of Phenothiazines Through Capillary Electrophoresis With Solid Phase Extraction And Polymer Based Stacking,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Enantioseparation Of Phenothiazines Through Capillary Electrophoresis With Solid Phase Extraction And Polymer Based Stacking, W.-B. Tseng, M.-M. Hsieh, T.-C. Chiu, P.-L. Yu, S.-H. Chen
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
This study developed a sensitive method involving capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled with ultraviolet absorption for the simultaneous separation of chiral phenothiazine drugs at nanomolar concentration levels. The method consists of hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin (Hp-γ-CD) as a chiral selector and poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDAC)-based CE. Five pairs of D,L-phenothiazines were baseline separated using a background electrolyte containing 0.9% PDDAC, 5 mM Hp-γ-CD, and 100 mM tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris)-formate (pH 3.0). The five pairs were successfully stacked on the basis of the difference in viscosity between the PDDAC-containing background electrolyte and the sample solution, with almost no loss of resolution. The combination of a solid-phase …
Mulberry Leaf Extract Inhibit Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation Via Depressing Il-6 And Tnf-Α Derived From Adipocyte,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Mulberry Leaf Extract Inhibit Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation Via Depressing Il-6 And Tnf-Α Derived From Adipocyte, C.-H. Chang, Y.-T. Chang, T.-H. Tseng, C.-J. Wang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Epidemiological studies have revealed that obesity and being overweight are associated with increased cancer risk. Adipose tissue is regarded as an endocrine organ that secretes proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), which are related to the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, adipocytes from 3T3-L1 cells were induced and stained with Oil Red O, which revealed marked intracellular lipid accumulation. Adding 15% conditioned medium (CM) from adipogenic -differentiated 3T3-L1 cells, which contained adipocyte-derived factors, to a culture medium of HepG2 cells was discovered to promote cell proliferation by a factor of up to …
Elemental Profile And Oxygen Isotope Ratio (Δ18o) For Verifying The Geographical Origin Of Chinese Wines,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Elemental Profile And Oxygen Isotope Ratio (Δ18o) For Verifying The Geographical Origin Of Chinese Wines, S. Fan, Q. Zhong, H. Gao, D. Wang, G. Li, Z. Huang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The elemental profile and oxygen isotope ratio (δ18O) of 188 wine samples collected from the Changji, Mile, and Changli regions in China were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS), respectively. By combining the data of δ18O and the concentration data of 52 elements, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique was firstly applied to obtain the important descriptors for the discrimination of the three geographical origins. Ca, Al, Mg, B, Fe, K, Rb, Mn, Na, P, Co, Ga, As, Sr, and δ18O were identified as the …
Concentrations Of Perfluoroalkyl Substances In Foods And The Dietary Exposure Among Taiwan General Population And Pregnant Women,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Concentrations Of Perfluoroalkyl Substances In Foods And The Dietary Exposure Among Taiwan General Population And Pregnant Women, W.-L. Chen, F.-Y. Bai, Y.-C. Chang, P.-C. Chen, C.-Y. Chen
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
This study quantified five perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) and two perfluorosulfonic acids in cereals, meats, seafood, eggs, pork liver, and milk in Taiwan using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and evaluated the dietary exposure of the general population and pregnant women using per capita consumption and a questionnaire, respectively. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and PFCAs of 10–12 carbons were found in almost all of the samples in considerable concentrations in rice and pork liver, reaching as high as 283 ng/g (PFOA in pork liver); the levels are two to three orders of magnitude higher than previous reports. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), the most …
Application Of Thermal Stability Difference To Remove Flammutoxin In Fungal Immunomodulatory Protein, Fip-Fve, Extract From Flammulina Velutipes,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Application Of Thermal Stability Difference To Remove Flammutoxin In Fungal Immunomodulatory Protein, Fip-Fve, Extract From Flammulina Velutipes, C.-H. Tung, C.-C. Lin, H.-J. Wang, S.-F. Chen, F. Sheu, T.-J. Lu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Fungal immunomodulatory protein (FIP-fve) is a potential functional food ingredient. However, undesirable component flammutoxin (FTX) would occur in the extracted fraction of FIP-fve. In this paper, an application of heating processing instead of the intensive separation process was employed in fractionation of FIP-fve, meanwhile, exclusion of FTX was reached. Contents of FIP-fve and FTX were monitored by HPLC-UV-ESI-MS. Both FIP-fve and FTX had higher thermal stability in a lower concentration solution. Cold water could effectively extract FIP-fve and FTX from fresh mushroom without acetic acid and disulfide-bond breaking agent β-mercaptoethanol commonly used in biochemical studies. Heating cold water extract contained …
Combination Of On-Line Desalting And Hplc-Uv-Esi-Ms For Simultaneous Detection And Identification Of Fip-Fve And Flammutoxin In Flammulina Velutipes,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Combination Of On-Line Desalting And Hplc-Uv-Esi-Ms For Simultaneous Detection And Identification Of Fip-Fve And Flammutoxin In Flammulina Velutipes, C.-H. Tung, C.-C. Lin, C.-C. Tung, S.-F. Chen, F. Sheu, T.-J. Lu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
A rapid analytical approach, on-line desalting HPLC-UV-ESI-MS method, for the analysis of FIP-fve and flammutoxin (FTX), two important bioactive proteins in the fruiting bodies of Flammulina velutipes, was developed. In this study, a highly efficient desalting method is provided using molecular weight cut-off centrifugal filtration and on-line desalting. Sample preparation followed by an on-line desalting HPLC-UV-ESI-MS system was employed for simultaneous desalting and detection and identification of FIP-fve and FTX. Results indicated that using trifluoroacetic acid as a modifier on a C18 reversed-phase column renders effective separation. ESI-MS revealed that the apparent molecular masses of FIP-fve and FTX were 12,749.1 …
A Feasible And Practical 1h Nmr Analytical Method For The Quality Control And Quantification Of Bioactive Principles In Lycii Fructus,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
A Feasible And Practical 1h Nmr Analytical Method For The Quality Control And Quantification Of Bioactive Principles In Lycii Fructus, L.-Y. Hsieh, H.-H. Chan, P.-C. Kuo, H.-Y. Hung, Y.-C. Li, C.-L. Kuo, Y. Peng, Z.-Z. Zhao, D.-H. Kuo, I.-W. Sun, T.-S. Wu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Lycii Fructus, a solanaceous drug, is widely used as functional foods and in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Samples collected from different regions of China have been found to be not identical in chemical compositions which might affect the biological activities. Although many chromatographic and spectrometric methods have been reported to determine the concentration of betaine and other bioactive amino acids, disturbance resulted from other polar substances with low UV-absorbance and expensive mass facilities reduced the applicability of these techniques. In the present study, the strong cation exchange solid phase extraction procedure incorporated with 1H NMR was successfully developed as a rapid …
Comparative Study Of Two Different Chromatographic Approaches For Quantitation Of Hydrocortisone Acetate And Pramoxine Hydrochloride In Presence Of Their Impurities,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Comparative Study Of Two Different Chromatographic Approaches For Quantitation Of Hydrocortisone Acetate And Pramoxine Hydrochloride In Presence Of Their Impurities, F. Ibrahim, A.K. El-Deen, K. Shimizu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
In the present study, we compare the performance of two reversed-phase liquid chromatographic approaches using different eluents either conventional hydro-organic eluent or micellar one for simultaneous estimation of hydrocortisone acetate and pramoxine hydrochloride in presence of their degradants and process-related impurities; hydrocortisone and 4-butoxyphenol, respectively. For conventional reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC), separation of the studied compounds was completed on an Inertsil ODS 3-C18 column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm particle size) with a mobile phase consists of 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 5.0): acetonitrile (50: 50, v/v). For micellar liquid chromatography (MLC), an Eclipse XDB-C8 column (150 mm …
Improvement Of Nutritional Components And In Vitro Antioxidative Properties Of Soy-Powder Yogurts Using Lactobacillus Plantarum,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Improvement Of Nutritional Components And In Vitro Antioxidative Properties Of Soy-Powder Yogurts Using Lactobacillus Plantarum, J.H. Lee, C.E. Hwang, E.J. Cho, Y.H. Song, S.C. Kim, K.M. Cho
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
This research was the first to demonstrate changes in nutritional compositions (isoflavone and CLA) from the 50% methanol extracts of soy-powder milk (SPM) and soy-powder yogurt (SPY) through fermentation using Lactobacillus plantarum S48 and P1201 strains. The radical scavenging activities and protective effects against oxidative stress in LLC-PK1 cells were also investigated. The average physicochemical characteristics including acidity and viable cell number as well as β-glucosidase activity increased with 0.2 → 0.7%, 7.5 → 9.8 log cfu/mL, and 0.0 3 → 1.75 U/g in SPYs. Total average isoflavones were considerably reduced (3180.3 → 2018.3 μg/g) with the increase of aglycone …
Synergic Effect Of Curcumin And Its Structural Analogue (Monoacetylcurcumin) On Anti-Influenza Virus Infection,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Synergic Effect Of Curcumin And Its Structural Analogue (Monoacetylcurcumin) On Anti-Influenza Virus Infection, S.M. Richart, Y.-L. Li, Y. Mizushina, Y.-Y. Chang, T.-Y. Chung, G.-H. Chen, J.T.-C. Tzen, K.-S. Shia, W.-L. Hsu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Curcumin (Cur), a polyphenolic compound extracted from spice and common food colourant turmeric, contains versatile bio-activities. Monoacetylcurcumin (MAC), a structural analogue of Cur, differs from Cur by acetyl modification, but retains enone groups. Comparative analysis revealed MAC effectively inhibited influenza virus infection (IAV) to a similar extent as, if not superior to, curcumin. Both compounds mildly reduced viral NA activity. Surprisingly, unlike Cur, the MAC inhibition of IAV did not occur through the blocking of HA activity. However, MAC strongly dampened Akt phosphorylation, the prerequisite signalling for efficient IAV propagation. A much stronger inhibition effect on IAV infection was observed …
Resveratrol Protects Muscle Cells Against Palmitate-Induced Cellular Senescence And Insulin Resistance Through Ameliorating Autophagic Flux,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Resveratrol Protects Muscle Cells Against Palmitate-Induced Cellular Senescence And Insulin Resistance Through Ameliorating Autophagic Flux, Y.-C. Chang, H.-W. Liu, Y.-T. Chen, Y.-A. Chen, Y.-J. Chen, S.-J. Chang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Skeletal muscle, a highly metabolic tissue, is particularly vulnerable to increased levels of saturated free fatty acids (FFAs). The role of autophagy in saturated FFAs-induced cellular senescence and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle remains unclear. Therefore, the present study was aimed to explore autophagic flux in cellular senescence and insulin resistance induced by palmitate in muscle cells, and whether resveratrol limited these responses. Our results showed that palmitate induced cellular senescence in both myoblasts and myotubes. In addition, palmitate delayed differentiation in myoblasts and inhibited expression of insulin-stimulated p-AKTSer473 in myotubes. The accumulations of autophagosome assessed by tandem fluorescent-tagged LC3 …
