Assessing The Role Of Stim1 And Stim2 In Microglial Response To Spinal Cord Injury.,
2024
University of Louisville
Assessing The Role Of Stim1 And Stim2 In Microglial Response To Spinal Cord Injury., Sarayu Alli
College of Arts & Sciences Senior Theses
Microglia, immune cells of the central nervous system, constantly survey their environment for damage. Once damage is detected, they are activated into become reactive, resulting in morphological changes, such as larger cell bodies, and functional changes, such as releasing inflammatory mediators. The switch from surveying to reactive occurs because the microglia received signals that sense danger in the environment. The release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores is involved in store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), a signaling pathway. Recent studies have shown that calcium release from the intracellular stores is a factor of microglial activation. SOCE is specific to monitoring low calcium …
The Influence Of Bihemispheric Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation On Muscle Fatigue,
2024
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
The Influence Of Bihemispheric Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation On Muscle Fatigue, Ananya Singh Chauhan
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Unilateral transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) using two electrodes placed over the primary motor cortex (M1) and the contralateral supraorbital (SO) region (M1-SO montage) has been shown to decrease the progression of muscle fatigue. The primary purpose was to determine the impact of bihemispheric tDCS (bi-tDCS) applied over the left and right M1s (bi-tDCS) on the time to task failure (TTF) of a precision-grip task. The study implemented a double-blind, randomized, SHAM-controlled, within-subjects design. A total of 20 participants performed two experimental sessions (bi-tDCS and SHAM conditions) separated by a one-week washout. During each experimental session, a fatiguing isometric contraction …
The Influence Of Bilateral Dual Source Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation On The Progression Of Muscle Fatigue,
2024
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
The Influence Of Bilateral Dual Source Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation On The Progression Of Muscle Fatigue, Eliza Clinton
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied unilaterally to the primary motor cortex (M1) can significantly prolong the time to task failure (TTF) of a fatiguing contraction. The primary purpose of the study was to examine the influence of bilateral dual source tDCS (dstDCS) applied over the left and right M1s (ds-tDCS) on the TTF of a precision grip task. This was accomplished through the utilization of a double-blind, randomized, SHAM-controlled, within-subjects design. Fourteen participants completed two experiments (ds-tDCS and SHAM stimulation conditions) with a seven-day washout period between sessions. Each experiment involved the performance of a sustained isometric fatiguing contraction …
A Low Dose Of Electro-Psychedelic Treatment Increases Neuronal Dendritic Arborization And Filopodic Spine Density,
2024
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
A Low Dose Of Electro-Psychedelic Treatment Increases Neuronal Dendritic Arborization And Filopodic Spine Density, Elaine Aquino Vasquez
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Neuropsychiatric disorders remain a formidable challenge to the global healthcare system, necessitating innovative treatments to address their complex pathophysiology. Alternative therapeutic approaches, including electroconvulsive treatment (ECT) and psychedelics, have gained attention for their capacity to relieve a broad range of symptoms. ECT is a long-standing effective therapy for patients, especially treatment-resistant ones. Psychedelics, like psilocybin, can induce profound and sustained therapeutic effects. The limited understanding of their mechanisms of action, compounded by the negative stigma surrounding ECT and psilocybin, prevents them from being used as adjunct agents. ECT and psilocybin promote synaptic plasticity and modulate neural remodeling, yet their comparative …
Pipecolic Acid And Novel Insights Into Cerebral Malaria,
2024
CUNY Lehman College
Pipecolic Acid And Novel Insights Into Cerebral Malaria, Akua E. Mensah
Theses and Dissertations
Cerebral malaria (CM), a severe manifestation of Plasmodium infection, prompts our investigation into the nuanced role of pipecolic acid in its pathophysiology. To unravel the molecular intricacies, we conducted in vitro lysine labeling techniques of mice infected with P. berghei ANKA parasites, and human P. falciparum grown in vitro, aiming to discern the impact of Plasmodium on pipecolic acid production. Previous observations indicated an elevation in pipecolic acid levels correlating with neurological decline in children with CM. In our study, confirming elevated pipecolic acid presence in the plasma and brain tissues of CM patients and the animal model of CM, …
Optimization Of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody For Immunohistochemistry Fluorescence Detection In Zebrafish (Danio Rerio),
2024
University of Nebraska at Omaha
Optimization Of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody For Immunohistochemistry Fluorescence Detection In Zebrafish (Danio Rerio), Madison Thurber
Theses/Capstones/Creative Projects
Dopamine is an important neurotransmitter produced through the catecholamine synthesis pathway that affects brain activity. Unregulated dopamine levels can lead to various diseases such as Parkinson’s Disease or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Optimization of an immunohistochemistry protocol will allow for the quantification of tyrosine hydroxylase antibody, which indirectly allows for dopamine quantification in dopaminergic regions within the brain. However, the antibody concentration to give the optimal signal-to-noise ratio in IHC varies across studies. Through this experiment, I determined the concentration of tyrosine hydroxylase (TyrH) antibody for immunohistochemistry that gave the best signal-to-background noise ratio within several known dopaminergic regions …
Determining Efficacy Of Check/Solid Stimuli Pair Vs Light/Dark Stimuli Pair For Pavlovian Fear Learning In Zebrafish (Danio Rerio),
2024
University of Nebraska at Omaha
Determining Efficacy Of Check/Solid Stimuli Pair Vs Light/Dark Stimuli Pair For Pavlovian Fear Learning In Zebrafish (Danio Rerio), Kortney Johnson
Theses/Capstones/Creative Projects
Learning is a survival skill because it allows organisms to recall vital details about their habitats. Associative learning is another of those skills, the ability to pair two different stimuli in memory and associate them together upon recall. It has been studied in zebrafish with Pavlovian fear learning used as a methodology. Previous studies have utilized Check/Solid patterning, however, there are no published studies exploring alternative stimuli that could be effective in aversive learning. This study sought to determine if Check/Solid was the most effective at inducing aversive learning or if Light/Dark would be more efficient, due to zebrafish’s natural …
Medial Prefrontal Cortex Fnirs Activity While Viewing Nature And Urban Scenes: The Search For Neurological Evidence Of Nature's Transcendent Self-Diminishment Effect,
2024
Northern Michigan University
Medial Prefrontal Cortex Fnirs Activity While Viewing Nature And Urban Scenes: The Search For Neurological Evidence Of Nature's Transcendent Self-Diminishment Effect, Haylee V. Snyder
All NMU Master's Theses
Prior research suggests that exposure to nature increases prosociality. One of the theories as to why this happens is that nature can elicit self-diminishment which leads to the positive experience of paying less attention to oneself. To better understand the neural processes behind this, this study used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure activity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) which is related to the self-concept. Participants were shown 12 images divided into four blocks separated by image types. Six were entirely natural scenes (three pleasant and three unpleasant), and six were entirely urban scenes (three pleasant and three unpleasant). …
Use Of Cre-Lox Mice As A Model For Ependymogenesis,
2024
University of Connecticut - Storrs
Use Of Cre-Lox Mice As A Model For Ependymogenesis, Poorva Bagchee
Honors Scholar Theses
Stem cells in the lateral ventricles of the brain undergo a process of development within the ventricular-subventricular zone. In early development neuroepithelial cells divide to form more neuroepithelial cells or convert to radial glial cells (RGCs). These RGCs, or stem cells, then divide to form neurons or other glial cells such as ependymal cells, which form a single-layered ependyma along the ventricular wall. These stem cells divide in two ways: symmetrically, producing two ependymal cells or asymmetrically, yielding one neural stem cell and ependymal cell. To further study this process the Cre-lox system in mice will be used. By breeding …
Perinatal Buprenorphine Effects On Offspring Growth, Opioid Withdrawal, And Brain Morphology In Rats,
2024
East Tennessee State University
Perinatal Buprenorphine Effects On Offspring Growth, Opioid Withdrawal, And Brain Morphology In Rats, Parker Barnes
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Opioid use disorder (OUD) impacts 5.6 million people in the US. Buprenorphine (BUP) is a commonly prescribed opioid medication used to treat OUD, including in pregnant women. However, opioid use during pregnancy is associated with poorer infant outcomes including reduced fetal growth, neurodevelopmental deficits, and neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS). Recent clinical data suggests that providing mothers with a lower dose of BUP may result in fewer negative outcomes in infants. Here, a preclinical rodent model of low-dose perinatal BUP exposure was used to study offspring health outcomes in the neonate, juvenile, and adolescent offspring. Dams were given clinically relevant …
Doing Links: The Neuroscience Of Technology Addiction,
2024
Kenyon College
Doing Links: The Neuroscience Of Technology Addiction, Ali Hatfield
Scientific Kenyon: The Neuroscience Edition
What’s the difference between fentanyl and Facebook? Vicodin and video games? Whippits and WhatsApp? They all have the capacity to be addictive, and your kids are much more likely to experience one over the other. Addiction is an umbrella term describing the use of something in a dependent and problematic way, often referring to specific clinical afflictions such as substance abuse disorder or gambling [1]. Addictions and their symptoms derive from neurobiological changes that occur throughout the nervous system in response to a certain stimulus, such as a drug. Common behaviors associated with addiction include preoccupation with and increasing tolerance …
It’S Getting Hot In Here, So Maintain Situational Awareness,
2024
Kenyon College
It’S Getting Hot In Here, So Maintain Situational Awareness, Abby Zavadil
Scientific Kenyon: The Neuroscience Edition
No abstract provided.
Everybody In The Club Gettin' Tipsy: Alcohol's Effects On Behavior And Cognition,
2024
Kenyon College
Everybody In The Club Gettin' Tipsy: Alcohol's Effects On Behavior And Cognition, Lauren Barrabee
Scientific Kenyon: The Neuroscience Edition
No abstract provided.
Letter From The Professor: Resilience,
2024
Kenyon College
Letter From The Professor: Resilience, Hewlet G. Mcfarlane
Scientific Kenyon: The Neuroscience Edition
No abstract provided.
Scientific Kenyon: Neuroscience Edition (Full Issue),
2024
Kenyon College
Scientific Kenyon: Neuroscience Edition (Full Issue)
Scientific Kenyon: The Neuroscience Edition
No abstract provided.
Ditching Magic For Memory: The New Mushroom In Town,
2024
Kenyon College
Ditching Magic For Memory: The New Mushroom In Town, Dani Buch
Scientific Kenyon: The Neuroscience Edition
No abstract provided.
What Does Aaron Hernandez Have In Common With Your High Schooler?,
2024
Kenyon College
What Does Aaron Hernandez Have In Common With Your High Schooler?, Sam Lee
Scientific Kenyon: The Neuroscience Edition
No abstract provided.
Cannibals, Chemicals, And A Trip Down Memory Lane: Unraveling Our Understanding Of Memory,
2024
Kenyon College
Cannibals, Chemicals, And A Trip Down Memory Lane: Unraveling Our Understanding Of Memory, Yana Honcharuk
Scientific Kenyon: The Neuroscience Edition
Have you ever wished to preserve a memory forever? Or perhaps share a treasured memory with someone? Instead of having to look for words that could describe how you felt at the concert of your favorite band or at that first date with a person you’ve been pining for, wouldn’t it be nice to have the ability to transmit those experiences to your friends? To make them feel how you felt? While this sounds like a plot for another rendition of Eternal Sunshine of The Spotless Mind, or a chapter from Harry Potter, the scientific idea of memory transfer has …
Plastic Pollutants To The Brain: Wrong Kind Of Plastic For The Nervous System,
2024
Kenyon College
Plastic Pollutants To The Brain: Wrong Kind Of Plastic For The Nervous System, Caleigh Wukitch
Scientific Kenyon: The Neuroscience Edition
The plastic revolution is here: we store our food in plastic containers, walk around with our coffee in plastic cups, and sit all day in our plastic chairs. We also know that our plastic waste floats around poisoning waters, cluttering streets, and choking wildlife. But it may be doing so much more than we realize - what if it is rewiring our nervous system?
Woop-Woop! That's The Sound Of Da Immune System: A Story Of Tricky Trypanosomes That Evade The Immune System To Get Into The Brain,
2024
Kenyon College
Woop-Woop! That's The Sound Of Da Immune System: A Story Of Tricky Trypanosomes That Evade The Immune System To Get Into The Brain, Sophia Knaysi
Scientific Kenyon: The Neuroscience Edition
No abstract provided.
