Differentiating Changes In Population Encoding Models With Psychophysics And Neuroimaging, 2019 Florida International University
Differentiating Changes In Population Encoding Models With Psychophysics And Neuroimaging, Jason Hays, Fabian Soto Phd
MODVIS Workshop
It is now common among visual scientists to make inferences about neural population coding of stimuli from indirect measures such as those provided by neuroimaging and psychophysics. The success of such studies depends strongly on simulation work using standard population encoding models extended with decoders (in psychophysics) and measurement models (in neuroimaging). However, not all studies are accompanied by simulation work, and those that are tend to vary widely in their assumptions about encoding, decoding, and measurement. To solve these issues, we designed a Python package (PEMGUIN) to assist computational modelling by providing simple ways to manage encoders' tuning functions, …
Bifurcation Analysis Of A Photoreceptor Interaction Model For Retinitis Pigmentosa, 2019 State University of New York at New Paltz
Bifurcation Analysis Of A Photoreceptor Interaction Model For Retinitis Pigmentosa, Anca R. Radulescu
Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference
No abstract provided.
Spiking Activity In Networks Of Neurons Impacted By Axonal Swelling, 2019 Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art
Spiking Activity In Networks Of Neurons Impacted By Axonal Swelling, Brian Frost, Stan Mintchev
Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference
No abstract provided.
Virtual Eye: A Spatial-Temporal Bottom-Up Eye Sensitivity Model, 2019 Purdue University
Virtual Eye: A Spatial-Temporal Bottom-Up Eye Sensitivity Model, Todd Goodall
MODVIS Workshop
Video quality and compression models use the
spatial contrast sensitivity function (CSF), which is solved
based on a linear system approximation. This function measures
the eye’s sensitivity to sinusoid gratings, ignoring the subtle
connectivity and inhomogeniety of cell density across the
visual field. Non-linear aspects of the eye, such as the change
in frequency sensitivity with changing illumination, are not
captured by this simple approximation. We propose Virtual
Eye, a bottom-up approach that models the spatio-temporal
dynamics of the eye across the visual field. Each functional
retinal cell layer in the eye is modeled using non-uniform spatial
cell responses, which …
Predicting Dynamics From Hardwiring In Canonical Low-Dimensional Coupled Networks, 2019 State University of New York at New Paltz
Predicting Dynamics From Hardwiring In Canonical Low-Dimensional Coupled Networks, Anca R. Radulescu
Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference
No abstract provided.
Variance Partitioning Reveals Consistent Representation Of Object Boundary Contours In Lo Across Different Datasets, 2019 University of Nevada, Reno
Variance Partitioning Reveals Consistent Representation Of Object Boundary Contours In Lo Across Different Datasets, Mark D. Lescroart, Utkarsh Singhal
MODVIS Workshop
No abstract provided.
The 5-Ht1a-R Knockout Mouse As A Model Of Later Life Anxiety Disorders: Implications For Sex Differences, 2019 The Graduate Center, City University of New York
The 5-Ht1a-R Knockout Mouse As A Model Of Later Life Anxiety Disorders: Implications For Sex Differences, Tatyana Budylin
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Anxiety affects nearly twice as many women as it affects men across all cultures and economic groups. Importantly, girls have a higher chance of inheriting anxiety disorders than boys, and many anxiety disorders appear at a very young age. However, little is known about sex differences in brain and behavioral development and how they relate to anxiety in adulthood. Serotonin 1A receptor (5-HT1A-R) mediated signaling has been implicated in depression and anxiety, however most studies that focus on the involvement of the 5-HT1A-R have been conducted in adults. Little is known about how the 5-HT1A …
Calculating The Dimensionality Of The Brain, And Other Applications Of An Optimized Generalized Ising Model In Predicting Brain's Spontaneous Functions, 2019 The University of Western Ontario
Calculating The Dimensionality Of The Brain, And Other Applications Of An Optimized Generalized Ising Model In Predicting Brain's Spontaneous Functions, Pubuditha M. Abeyasinghe
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Understanding a system as complex as the human brain is a very demanding task. Directly working with structural and functional neuroimaging data has led to most of the understanding we have gained about the human brain. However, performing only the direct statistical comparisons on the empirical function and the structure does not fully explain the observed long-range functional correlations. Therefore, implementations of mathematical models to gain further understanding of the relationship between the structure and function of the brain is critical. Additionally, spontaneous functions of the brain can only be predicted using computer simulated models; which will be pivotal for …
Ultra-High Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging For Stereotactic Neurosurgery, 2019 The University of Western Ontario
Ultra-High Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging For Stereotactic Neurosurgery, Jonathan Lau
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Stereotactic neurosurgery is a subspecialty within neurosurgery concerned with accurate targeting of brain structures. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a specific type of stereotaxy in which electrodes are implanted in deep brain structures. It has proven therapeutic efficacy in Parkinson’s disease and Essential Tremor, but with an expanding number of indications under evaluation including Alzheimer’s disease, depression, epilepsy, and obesity, many more Canadians with chronic health conditions may benefit. Accurate surgical targeting is crucial with millimeter deviations resulting in unwanted side effects including muscle contractions, or worse, vessel injury. Lack of adequate visualization of surgical targets with conventional lower field …
Cognitive Rehabilitation Of Prospective Memory Deficits After Acquired Brain Injury: Cognitive, Behavioral, And Physiological Measures, 2019 Trinity College
Cognitive Rehabilitation Of Prospective Memory Deficits After Acquired Brain Injury: Cognitive, Behavioral, And Physiological Measures, Meaghan Race
Senior Theses and Projects
Acquired brain injury (ABI) affects approximately 3.5 million Americans each year and is associated with cognitive and emotional changes. Prospective memory (PM) deficits are important predictors of functioning in daily life for individuals with ABI. Previous studies have shown that cognitive rehabilitation therapy (CRT) via PM training has a high rate of success in improving quality of life, independence and productivity for ABI survivors. There is limited information on utilizing imaging techniques in relation to changes in cognition and behavior following rehabilitation; however, previous studies suggest that imaging provides evidence that CRT could be related to changes to underlying brain …
Strengthening Relationships Between Neural Ideals And Receptive Fields, 2019 Texas A&M University
Strengthening Relationships Between Neural Ideals And Receptive Fields, Angelique Morvant
Rose-Hulman Undergraduate Mathematics Journal
Neural codes are collections of binary vectors that represent the firing patterns of neurons. The information given by a neural code C can be represented by its neural ideal JC. In turn, the polynomials in JC can be used to determine the relationships among the receptive fields of the neurons. In a paper by Curto et al., three such relationships, known as the Type 1-3 relations, were linked to the neural ideal by three if-and-only-if statements. Later, Garcia et al. discovered the Type 4-6 relations. These new relations differed from the first three in that they were …
A Defense Of Pure Connectionism, 2019 The Graduate Center, City University of New York
A Defense Of Pure Connectionism, Alex B. Kiefer
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Connectionism is an approach to neural-networks-based cognitive modeling that encompasses the recent deep learning movement in artificial intelligence. It came of age in the 1980s, with its roots in cybernetics and earlier attempts to model the brain as a system of simple parallel processors. Connectionist models center on statistical inference within neural networks with empirically learnable parameters, which can be represented as graphical models. More recent approaches focus on learning and inference within hierarchical generative models. Contra influential and ongoing critiques, I argue in this dissertation that the connectionist approach to cognitive science possesses in principle (and, as is becoming …
Timing Is Everything: Temporal Dynamics Of Brain Activity Using The Human Connectome Project, 2019 University of Puget Sound
Timing Is Everything: Temporal Dynamics Of Brain Activity Using The Human Connectome Project, Francesca Lofaro
Summer Research
Most neuroimaging studies produce snapshots of brain activity. The goal of this project is to examine the temporal dynamics of how these areas interact through time, using fear as a case study to assess how regions involved in fear interact. Working with Matlab computer code, I sort through the large fMRI dataset known as the Human Connectome Project to extract neuroimaging data from patients with different NIH Toolbox Fear-Somatic survey scores to assess the temporal dynamics between brain regions. The results will allow an understanding beyond which areas are involved, and instead will provide a picture of how these areas …
The Characterization Of Alzheimer’S Disease And The Development Of Early Detection Paradigms: Insights From Nosology, Biomarkers And Machine Learning, 2019 Claremont Colleges
The Characterization Of Alzheimer’S Disease And The Development Of Early Detection Paradigms: Insights From Nosology, Biomarkers And Machine Learning, Isabel Milano
CMC Senior Theses
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is the only condition in the top ten leading causes of death for which we do not have an effective treatment that prevents, slows, or stops its progression. Our ability to design useful interventions relies on (a) increasing our understanding of the pathological process of AD and (b) improving our ability for its early detection. These goals are impeded by our current reliance on the clinical symptoms of AD for its diagnosis. This characterizations of AD often falsely assumes a unified, underlying AD-specific pathology for similar presentations of dementia that leads to inconsistent diagnoses. It also hinges …
Agent Based Model Of Cavitation In Spinal Cord Injury, 2019 Bard College
Agent Based Model Of Cavitation In Spinal Cord Injury, Rahma Ahmed
Senior Projects Spring 2019
Annually, approximately 375,000 people suffer from spinal cord injury (SCI) worldwide and many SCI patients develop secondary health conditions such as respiratory, cardiovascular, and urinary/bowel complications which negatively impact their daily lives. SCI occurs when there is damage to the spinal cord resulting in decreased motor functions, decreased sensory functions, or paralysis. Days to weeks after initial impact, the lesion (area of injury) continues to increase in size in a process called progressive cavitation which demyelinates axons and inhibits effective axonal regeneration. In an in vitro model of progressive cavitation, Fitch et al. showed that activated macrophages cause cavities to …
Cortical Stimulation Mapping Of Heschl’S Gyrus In The Auditory Cortex For Tinnitus Treatment, 2018 Claremont Colleges
Cortical Stimulation Mapping Of Heschl’S Gyrus In The Auditory Cortex For Tinnitus Treatment, Austin Huang
CMC Senior Theses
Tinnitus is the perception of sound in the absence of an actual sound stimulus. Recent developments have shifted the focus to the central nervous system and the neural correlate of tinnitus. Broadly, tinnitus involves cortical map rearrangement, pathological neural synchrony, and increased spontaneous firing rates. Various cortical regions, such as Heschl’s gyrus in the auditory cortex, have been found to be associated with different aspects of tinnitus, such as perception and loudness. I propose a cortical stimulation mapping study of Heschl’s gyrus using a depth and subdural electrode montage to conduct electrocorticography. This study would provide high-resolution data on abnormal …
Differentiation Of Neurons And Glia For Use In Cellular Connectomics, 2018 University of Tennessee, Knoxville
Differentiation Of Neurons And Glia For Use In Cellular Connectomics, Jacob T. Brettin
Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects
No abstract provided.
Temporal Information Guides Prefrontal Preparatory Activity, 2018 University of New Mexico
Temporal Information Guides Prefrontal Preparatory Activity, Jacqueline R. Janowich
Shared Knowledge Conference
Proactive preparation for an upcoming goal differs from last-minute reactive adaptation, but it is unclear how preparatory mechanisms change based on when in the future a goal needs to be executed. To assess how timing information is integrated into preparatory control, we designed a novel variant of the Dot Pattern Expectancy task, where each cue signaled both task rule and delay duration (known short, known long, or unknown) between cue and probe. We recorded EEG while healthy young adult participants (n=36) performed this task, and found that delay demands elicited distinct prefrontal preparatory activities. Medial prefrontal amplitude was sensitive to …
Learning Expands The Preplanning Horizon In Finger Sequence Tasks, 2018 The University of Western Ontario
Learning Expands The Preplanning Horizon In Finger Sequence Tasks, Neda Kordjazi
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Many everyday skills involve the production of complex sequences of movements. However, the dynamics of the interplay between action selection and execution processes in sequential movements is poorly understood.Here, we set out to investigate the extent to which information regarding upcoming actions is utilized by the motor system to preplan into the future and furthermore, how this ability is influenced by learning. We designed a finger sequence taskwhere participants were shown only a fixed number of upcoming cues regarding future presses in every trial (viewing window, W). W varied between 1 (next digit revealed with pressing the current digit – …
Decision Making In A Changing Environment, 2018 University of Dayton
Decision Making In A Changing Environment, Alan Veliz-Cuba
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.