Effects Of Carbonized Rice Hull And Wood Charcoal Mixed With Pyroligneous Acid On The Yield, And Antioxidant And Nutritional Quality Of Rice, Mi Young Kang, Kyu Hong Heo, Joo Hee Kim, Sun Sik Cho, Pil Dae Seo, Cyren Rico, Sang Chul Lee
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The effects of mixture of rice hull charcoal and pyroligneous acid (MRPA) and mixture of wood charcoal and pyroligneous acid (MWPA) with reduced rate of chemical fertilizer on the yield, and antioxidant and nutritional quality of rice were investigated. Results showed that RF (Recommended N-P-K fertilizer application = 110-55-48 kg ha^{-1}) generally had higher agronomic and yield components than MWPA and MRPA treatments while MWPA was more effective in improving the yield of rice than MRPA. The total phenolic compounds and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical electron-donating ability were improved at higher application rate of MWPA while xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibition was …
Site Index Curves For Young Populus Tremula Stands On Athos Peninsula (Northern Greece),
2012
TÜBİTAK
Site Index Curves For Young Populus Tremula Stands On Athos Peninsula (Northern Greece), Kyriaki Kitikidou, Minas Kaymakis, Elias Milios
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Difference equations derived on the basis of the McDill-Amateis differential functions and from the integral form of the Bertalanffy, Richards, and Korf growth functions were used to model the dominant height growth of young European aspen (Populus tremula L.) stands on Athos Peninsula (northern Greece). Data from stem analysis were used for fitting. Both numerical and graphical analyses were used to compare alternative models. The cross-validation approach was used to analyze the predictive ability of the models. The algebraic difference form of the differential function proposed by McDill and Amateis resulted in the best compromise between biological and statistical aspects …
An Evaluation Of Seed Spacing Accuracy Of A Vacuum Type Precision Metering Unit Based On Theoretical Considerations And Experiments, İsmet Önal, Adnan Deği̇rmenci̇oğlu, Arzu Yazgi
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Currently the most widely used machine for precision seeding of cotton and maize seed is vacuum type. The capture of seeds by vacuum plate and the release of seeds from the vacuum plate should be performed precisely without missing or doubling. The physical phenomena should be clarified theoretically to understand how the precision seeding mechanism works. To solve these problems, an attempt was made to develop a nomogram using equations describing the technical characteristics of the seeder used in this study and to describe the seed capture mechanism relying on basic principles of fluid mechanics and aerodynamic properties of seeds. …
The Role Of Short-Term High Temperature Pretreatment On The Uv-B Tolerance Of Barley Cultivars,
2012
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The Role Of Short-Term High Temperature Pretreatment On The Uv-B Tolerance Of Barley Cultivars, Nuran Çi̇çek, Ivanka Fedina, Hüsnü Çakirlar, Maya Velitchkova, Katya Georgieva
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The impact of pretreatment with high temperature (45 °C for 45 min) on the UV-B tolerance of 4 barley cultivars (Hordeum vulgare L. 'Bülbül-89', 'Kalaycı-97', 'Tarm-92', and 'Tokak-157/37') was examined. The response of the plants to treatment was evaluated by measuring the pigment content, chlorophyll a fluorescence, oxygen evolution, fraction of oxygen-evolving complex, proline content, UV-B-absorbing compounds (A_{535} and A_{300}), and stress markers (malondialdehyde, H_2O_2, and UV-B marker). Regardless of high temperature pretreatment, UV-B irradiation decreased the photosynthetic pigment content, photosystem II activity, oxygen evolution, and the fraction of oxygen-evolving complex in almost all of the barley cultivars. UV-B treatment …
The Effect Of Various Long-Term Tillage Systems On Soil Properties And Spring Barley Yield,
2012
TÜBİTAK
The Effect Of Various Long-Term Tillage Systems On Soil Properties And Spring Barley Yield, Irena Malecka, Andrzej Blecharczyk, Zuzanna Sawinska, Tomasz Dobrzeniecki
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
This study, performed on a soil that is classified as Albic Luvisols that developed on loamy sands overlying loamy material (1.4% organic matter and pH 6.5), concerns the impact of tillage systems on soil properties and the yield of spring barley. The experiment design included 3 tillage systems: conventional tillage, reduced tillage, and no-tillage. Continuous cultivation for 7 consecutive years by reduced tillage and no-tillage led to changes in the physical properties of the surface soil layer (0-5 cm). At the stem elongation growth stage of spring barley, conservation tillage systems resulted in a higher water content and bulk density …
Pattern Analysis Of Multi-Environment Yield Trials In Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.),
2012
TÜBİTAK
Pattern Analysis Of Multi-Environment Yield Trials In Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.), Soner Yüksel, Mevlüt Akçura
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Pattern analysis, cluster and ordination techniques were applied to grain yield data of 24 cultivars of 2- and 6-rowed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in 26 environments in Turkey during 2004-2008 to identify patterns of genotype (G), environment (E) and genotype × environment interaction (GEI) in barley multi-environment trials (METs). Analysis of variance showed that 86.9% of the total sum of squares was accounted for by E. Of the remaining sum of squares, the contribution of GEI was almost 9 times that of the contribution of G alone. Knowledge of environmental and cultivar classification helped to reveal several patterns of …
Identification Of Species Of Vicia Subgenus Vicia (Fabaceae) Using Chloroplast Dna Data,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Identification Of Species Of Vicia Subgenus Vicia (Fabaceae) Using Chloroplast Dna Data, Nadia Haider, Imad Nabulsi, Nizar Mirali
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Vicia subgenus Vicia (Fabaceae) contains several economically important food and forage legume species. Generally, the taxonomy and identification of these species have relied heavily on a few diagnostic morphological characters (e.g., the number of flowers per inflorescence). However, there are several specimens with intermediate morphological characters that make diagnosis of these species using those characters a difficult task for nonspecialists and render results that are not always accurate. The use of molecular markers, therefore, is the most attractive alternative strategy for a more accurate identification of species of the subgenus Vicia. In the present study, an attempt was made to …
Incidence And Genetic Stability Of Potato Spindle Tuber Pospiviroid In Potato In Turkey,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Incidence And Genetic Stability Of Potato Spindle Tuber Pospiviroid In Potato In Turkey, Üftade Güner, Hi̇kmet Murat Si̇pahi̇oğlu, Mustafa Usta
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The prevalence of Potato spindle tuber pospiviroid (PSTVd) infection in randomly selected potato tubers was determined via nonisotopic dot blot hybridization and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In January and February of 2010, 168 seedling tubers of Solanum tuberosum, representing 27 cultivars, were received from different seedling potato producers in Turkey. Digoxigenin-labeled RNA probes of PSTVd were synthesized from the cloned PCR products and applied in dot blot hybridization to detect viroids in RNA extracts isolated from dormant potato tubers. PSTVd was found in 7 samples and 6 cultivars (Innovator, Lady Jo, Russet Burbank, Agria, Provento and Konsül). Some …
Morphological And Biochemical Evaluation Of Selected Almond [Prunus Dulcis (Mill.) D.A.Webb] Genotypes In Northern Serbia,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Morphological And Biochemical Evaluation Of Selected Almond [Prunus Dulcis (Mill.) D.A.Webb] Genotypes In Northern Serbia, Slavica Colic, Vera Rakonjac, Gordan Zec, Dragan Nikolic, Milica Fotiric Aksic
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
In order to determine the overall degree of polymorphism and detect similarities among genotypes, 19 almond [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A.Webb] genotypes were studied. Variation in traits related to phenology, morphology, and fruit quality was observed, and the results indicated a high morphological diversity of almond genotypes. The majority of important correlations were determined among the traits representing nut size (nut width, nut length, nut thickness, and nut weight) and leaf size (leaf length, leaf width, and leaf area). The lack of correlation between kernel size and chemical compounds enables the creation of a new almond cultivar with large kernels and …
Effect Of Wetted Soil Area On Trunk Growth, Yield, And Fruit Quality Of Drip-Irrigated Sour Cherry Trees,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Effect Of Wetted Soil Area On Trunk Growth, Yield, And Fruit Quality Of Drip-Irrigated Sour Cherry Trees, Osman Yildirim, Hati̇ce Dumanoğlu, Nurdan Güneş, Murat Yildirim, Ahmet Aygün, Beki̇r Şan
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The effect of wetted soil area on trunk growth, yield, and fruit quality in drip-irrigated Kütahya sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) trees grafted on mahaleb (Prunus mahaleb L.) seedlings was investigated over 3 seasons in a semiarid zone of Central Anatolia, Turkey. Percentages of wetted soil area ranging from 8.8% to 35.6% were obtained by applying 7 treatments consisting of 1 or 2 lateral drip lines per tree row and various dripper numbers per tree. Adequate irrigation was applied to all treatments based on daily evapotranspiration values estimated by the FAO-modified Penman-Monteith equation. The highest yield was generally obtained at …
Influence Of Soil Chemical Properties On Relative Abundance Of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza In Forested Soils In Malaysia,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Influence Of Soil Chemical Properties On Relative Abundance Of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza In Forested Soils In Malaysia, Kian Huat Ong, John Keen Chubo, Jie Hung King, Chia Shing Lee, Dennis Shan An Su, Philip Sipen
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The effect of soil chemical properties on the diversity and colonization of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) varies among ecosystems. This study was conducted to assess and compare the abundance of AM in a rehabilitated forest and a logged-over forest soil using the most probable number and spore number methods. Glomus (71.7%-82.1%) and Acaulospora (17.4%-19.5%) were found to be abundant in both sites, while Gigaspora was found only in the logged-over forest. The abundance of AM in the rehabilitated forest based on the spore count was significantly higher than in the logged-over forest by a 6-fold difference. Furthermore, root colonization in the …
Effects Of Low-Molecular-Weight Organic Acids On Phosphorus Sorption Characteristics In Some Calcareous Soils,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Effects Of Low-Molecular-Weight Organic Acids On Phosphorus Sorption Characteristics In Some Calcareous Soils, Neda Moradi, Mirhasan Rasouli Sadaghiani, Ebrahim Sepehr, Babak Abdollahi Mandoulakani
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Understanding the role of organic acids in phosphorus sorption in soils is very important for economic and environmentally friendly management of soil P. Thus, calcareous surface soils (0-30 cm) from West Azerbaijan Province, Iran, were sampled to study the effect of different organic acids on P sorption. Soil samples (2.5 g) were equilibrated with 25 mL of 0.01 M CaCl_2 solution containing 0-20 mg P L^{-1} and 5 mmol L^{-1} of different organic acids (citric, oxalic, and malic acid). The sorption data were well fitted to Freundlich and linear equations but not to the Langmuir equation. The standard P requirements …
Influence Of Eccentric Drawbar Force On Power Delivery Efficiency Of A Wheeled Tractor,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Influence Of Eccentric Drawbar Force On Power Delivery Efficiency Of A Wheeled Tractor, Mirko Simikic, Nebojsa Dedovic, Lazar Savin, Milan Tomic, Hasan Hüseyi̇n Si̇lleli̇, Ondrej Ponjican
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Power delivery efficiency shows how much engine power is used for a tractor drawbar. Eccentric traction is a factor influencing the power delivery efficiency of a wheeled tractor. It occurs as a consequence of the offset position of a tractor implement, that is, when the traction line of the tractor and resistance line of the implement are parallel and do not coincide. This paper presents research on the power delivery efficiency of wheeled tractors and its dependence on wheel slippage of central and eccentric drawbar forces on unplowed and plowed stubble. For this purpose, mathematical models and one algorithm were …
Irrigation Intervals Affect Physicochemical Quality Attributes And Skin Cracking In Litchi Fruit,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Irrigation Intervals Affect Physicochemical Quality Attributes And Skin Cracking In Litchi Fruit, Abdur Rab, Ihsan-Ul Haq
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The influence of irrigation intervals on the physicochemical quality attributes and fruit cracking of litchi cultivars was investigated by irrigating 4 litchi cultivars at intervals of 3, 6, and 9 days. It was found that cultivars Gola and Bedana had the highest and lowest fruit weight (21.90 g and 14.31 g), pulp weight (16.478 g and 10.85 g), total soluble solids (22.16% and 16.37%), total sugars (21.22% and 15.28%), and fruit cracking (41.60% and 10.40%). While cultivar Gola also had the highest reducing sugars (18.01%) but the lowest nonreducing sugars (3.80%), cultivar Bedana had the lowest reducing sugars (5.68%) and …
Research On Antifungal And Inhibitory Effects Of Dl-Limonene On Some Yeasts,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Research On Antifungal And Inhibitory Effects Of Dl-Limonene On Some Yeasts, Mustafa Ümi̇t Ünal, Fi̇li̇z Uçan, Aysun Şener, Sadik Di̇nçer
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
This study was undertaken to investigate the antifungal effect of DL-limonene on yeasts using disk diffusion and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The effect of DL-limonene on ethyl alcohol fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae was also investigated. According to disk diffusion results, the development of an inhibition zone was observed in all microorganisms tested. The inhibition zones were larger than those occurring with the Fungizone antibiotic used as the control. Inhibition zone diameters increased with increasing amounts of DL-limonene. MIC results varied between 500 and 4000 µg mL^{-1} depending on the yeast strain. DL-limonene at a concentration of 0.20% (w v^{-1}) …
Investigating Sampling Accuracy To Estimate Sediment Concentrations In Erosion Plot Tanks,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Investigating Sampling Accuracy To Estimate Sediment Concentrations In Erosion Plot Tanks, Davood Nikkami
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Significant errors when sampling from collection tanks installed at the lower end of soil erosion plots may lead researchers toward wrong conclusions. Limited research has been found on sampling accuracy. In this study, a cylindrical sampler is introduced as a new sampling device and its sampling accuracy is investigated and compared with 2 other manual methods, namely bottle and pipette. Three target sediment concentrations were prepared in separate 213.5-L collection tanks as 3 replications with 3 mixing periods. The results using the bottle and pipette in all mixing periods and all target sediment concentrations showed that the concentration of sediment …
Correlation Between The Protein Content And Mechanical Properties Of Wheat,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Correlation Between The Protein Content And Mechanical Properties Of Wheat, Mehmet Başlar, Fati̇h Kalkan, Mazhar Kara, Mustafa Fati̇h Ertugay
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The mechanical properties of wheat varieties are important in the milling industry. This study investigated the correlation between the protein content of 5 wheat varieties and their mechanical properties of rupture force, energy absorbed, and hardness. Based on correlation coefficients, a strong correlation was found between the protein content of all wheat varieties investigated and their mechanical properties. The correlation levels between the protein content and rupture force, energy absorbed, and hardness were r = 0.953, 0.883, and 0.884 for X-X load orientation and r = 0.955, 0.963, and 0.954 for Y-Y load orientation, respectively.
Determination Of The Bread-Making Quality Of Flours Using An Automatic Bread Machine,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Determination Of The Bread-Making Quality Of Flours Using An Automatic Bread Machine, İsmai̇l Sai̇t Doğan, Önder Yildiz, Burhan Taşan
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
In this study, the possibility of bread machine utilization as a quality control tool in the baking industry was investigated. Three different flour samples (F_1, F_2, and F_3) having different protein contents were obtained and then 12% wheat starch and 2% vital gluten were added to these flours to adjust protein ratios. The physicochemical and rheological properties of these flour combinations were analyzed. Specific volume, crumb grain attributes, crust and crumb color, and bread firmness in terms of compressibility (g) were measured. Specific volumes changed between 5.22 and 6.69 mL g^{-1} and between 4.87 and 6.29 mL g^{-1} for hearth …
Morphological And Physiological Differences Between Bareroot And Container Juniperus Excelsa Seedlings,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Morphological And Physiological Differences Between Bareroot And Container Juniperus Excelsa Seedlings, Ayşe Deli̇göz
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The effects of stock type on morphological and physiological characteristics were compared in 1 + 0 Crimean juniper (Juniperus excelsa Bieb.) seedlings. In October 2010, the morphological characteristics of both stock types were determined. The physiological condition of both stock types was evaluated by measuring water relation, root growth potential (RGP), and root electrolyte leakage (REL) parameters in seedlings at periodic intervals from October 2010 to April 2011. Container seedlings had greater root collar diameter, higher height, and greater shoot dry weight than bareroot seedlings, but these differences were not significant. However, the shoot-to-root ratios of the container seedlings were …
A Predictive Model For The Effects Of Temperature On The Germination Period Of Flax Seeds (Linum Usitatissimum L.),
2012
TÜBİTAK
A Predictive Model For The Effects Of Temperature On The Germination Period Of Flax Seeds (Linum Usitatissimum L.), Orhan Kurt
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Temperature is the most important factor in regulating the germination of nondormant seeds at the beginning of the growth season. The present study was conducted to produce simple regression models to predict how temperature affects the time it takes for 50% of a selection of flax seeds to germinate. R-square (r^2) values of regression coefficients of the equations established for flax cultivars varied from 0.899 (Antares) to 0.886 (Bionda). The optimum temperature for the time to germination for both cultivars was calculated using the coefficients obtained from the regression models. The optimum temperatures were found to be between 22.10 and …
