Effect Of Al Compounds On Soil Ph And Bioavailability Of Al In Two Acid Soils,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Effect Of Al Compounds On Soil Ph And Bioavailability Of Al In Two Acid Soils, Toufiq Iqbal
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Two aluminum compounds, AlCl_3 and Al(OH)_3, were used to determine the effect of Al compounds on pH and bioavailability of Al in 2 acid soils. Both soils were incubated for periods of 3, 10, and 30 days. Al-tolerant (ET8) and Al-sensitive (ES8) wheat seedlings were used as a testing plant to confirm bioavailability of Al^{3+} in soil solution. Both soils were acidified through the addition of Al compounds to detect the maximum Al^{3+} toxicity level of these compounds. The results showed that the AlCl3 compound increased the bioavailability of Al^{3+} in soil solutions. In contrast, AlCl_3 decreased bulk soil pH. …
Estimating Wetting Front Coordinates Under Surface Trickle Irrigation,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Estimating Wetting Front Coordinates Under Surface Trickle Irrigation, Ahad Molavi, Aliashraf Sadraddini, Amir Hossein Nazemi, Ahmad Fakheri Fard
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
In this study, wetting front or wetted bulb coordinates in soil under surface trickle irrigation were measured for 1 loam soil and 2 sandy loam soils with 2 different emitter discharges of 2 and 4 L h^{-1} by using the trenching method. A model is presented for estimating wetted bulb coordinates with a function of emitter discharge, water application time, average variation in volumetric water content, and saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil. For calculating the distance of the maximum wet surface, relationships are presented based on saturated hydraulic conductivity and water application time. By comparison of measured values of wetting …
Moringa Oleifera Leaf Extract: An Innovative Priming Tool For Rangeland Grasses,
2012
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Moringa Oleifera Leaf Extract: An Innovative Priming Tool For Rangeland Grasses, Wasif Nouman, Muhammad Tahir Siddiqui, Shahzad Maqsood Ahmed Basra
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MLE) is rich in amino acids, ascorbate, zeatin, minerals, and many other compounds known for their growth-promoting potential. This study was planned to explore the potential of MLE as a seed priming agent to increase the germination rate and plant vigor of 3 range grasses, i.e. Cenchrus ciliaris, Panicum antidotale, and Echinochloa crusgalli. The priming strategies used were hydropriming, CaCl_2, PEG-8000 (-1.1 M Pa), MLE (concentrate; 1:10, 1:20, 1:30, and 1:40 dilutions with distilled water), and matripriming using saturated jute mat for 24 h. The primed seeds were placed between 2 moist Whatman No. 1 filter …
Different Furrow Management Techniques For Cotton Production And Water Conservation In Harran Plain, Şanlıurfa,
2012
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Different Furrow Management Techniques For Cotton Production And Water Conservation In Harran Plain, Şanlıurfa, Riza Kanber, Sermet Önder, Mustafa Ünlü, Servet Teki̇n, Semi̇h Meti̇n Sezen, Kenan Di̇ker
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
In this study, the water saving and conservation potential of various furrow irrigation management techniques for irrigated cotton were compared. Conventional every-furrow irrigation with open-end furrows (EFO) and blocked-end furrows (EFB), and alternate every-other-furrow management with open-end furrows (AFO) and blocked-end furrows (AFB), were considered. Considerable seasonal water savings were obtained with AFO and AFB flows, on average from 717 mm to 906 mm, respectively, when compared to EFO. Alternate furrows showed the ability to reduce tailwater runoff considerably. When compared with EFO, water use was reduced by 9063 m^3 ha^{-1} (60%) using AFB and 7167 m^3 ha^{-1} (48%) using …
The Effect Of Ryegrass (Lolium Italicum L.) Stand Densities On Its Competitive Interaction With Cleavers (Galium Aparine L.),
2012
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The Effect Of Ryegrass (Lolium Italicum L.) Stand Densities On Its Competitive Interaction With Cleavers (Galium Aparine L.), Sava Vrbnicanin, Mirjana Kresovic, Dragana Bozic, Aleksandar Simic, Radojka Maletic, Ahmet Uludağ
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Italian ryegrass (Lolium italicum L. cv. Tetraflorum) seed production is an important industrial activity in Serbia. Cleavers (Galium aparine L.) interferes in Italian ryegrass seed production as well as in many other crops. The effect of stand density of Italian ryegrass on its competitive interaction with cleavers was investigated in western Serbia in the 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 cropping seasons. The established density treatments of Italian ryegrass were 5 kg ha^{-1} seeding rate with 60 cm row spacing (SD_1), 5 kg ha^{-1} with 20 cm (SD_2), 20 kg ha^{-1} with 60 cm (SD_3), and 20 kg ha^{-1} with 20 cm (SD_4). …
The Effect Of Cadmium On Growth And Antioxidant Responses In The Safflower (Carthamus Tinctorius L.) Callus,
2012
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The Effect Of Cadmium On Growth And Antioxidant Responses In The Safflower (Carthamus Tinctorius L.) Callus, Shahram Namjooyan, Ramezanali Khavarinejad, Franceous Bernard, Shahrokh Namdjoyan, Hamed Piri
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) callus cultures grown in the presence of different concentrations (0-100 µM) of cadmium were assayed for growth, Cd accumulations, and antioxidative responses. Cadmium inhibited the growth of calli by 25% and 46% at 75 and 100 µM Cd concentrations, respectively. Cadmium concentration in the calli increased with an increased Cd supply in the growth medium. Calli accumulated 334 mg Cd kg^{-1} of their dry weight at 100 µM Cd. Cadmium induced oxidative stress, which was indicated by modulating antioxidant (glutathione and \alpha-tocopherol) levels and antioxidative enzymes. The effect of Cd on glutathione (GSH) was dose-dependent. The …
Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation Of Grapefruit With The Wild-Type And Mutant Rna-Dependent Rna Polymerase Genes Of Citrus Tristeza Virus, Bayram Çevi̇k, Richard F. Lee, Charles L. Niblett
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Citrus paradisi Macfad. ‘Duncan’ was transformed with constructs coding for the wild-type and mutant RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) for exploring replicase-mediated pathogen-derived resistance (RM-PDR). The RdRp gene was amplified from a CTV genome and used to generate the wild-type and 2 mutant RdRp constructs for plant transformation. One mutant had the key amino acids GDD changed to AAA (RdRp-mGDD), and the second mutant had a deletion encompassing the GDD domain (RdRp-\DeltaGDD). Etiolated epicotyl segments of Duncan grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macfad. 'Duncan') were transformed with each of these constructs using the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method. From 4540 …
Enhancement Of Emergence Potential And Stand Establishment Of Moringa Oleifera Lam. By Seed Priming,
2012
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Enhancement Of Emergence Potential And Stand Establishment Of Moringa Oleifera Lam. By Seed Priming, Wasif Nouman, Muhammad Tahir Siddiqui, Shahzad Maqsood Ahmed Basra, Irfan Afzal, Hafeez Ur Rehman
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Moringa oleifera is a miracle tree that can be used in multiple ways, including as foodstuff, livestock fodder, a plant growth enhancer, or a water purifier. While the stem cutting method is easy and successful for tree propagation, the recent introduction of moringa as a field crop for biomass production requires propagation through seeds. The germination of stored moringa seeds is a problem of great concern that may be overcome by employing seed priming techniques. A pot study was conducted to explore the potential of seed priming in moringa. Seeds were subjected to hydropriming, matripriming, and priming with moringa leaf …
Laminated Veneer Lumber (Lvl) Manufacturing Using Three Hybrid Poplar Clones,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Laminated Veneer Lumber (Lvl) Manufacturing Using Three Hybrid Poplar Clones, Ramazan Kurt, Hayretti̇n Meri̇ç, Kağan Aslan, Muhammet Çi̇l
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Laminated veneer lumbers (LVLs) were manufactured from veneers of 3 rotary peeled fast growing hybrid poplar clones, I-214 (Populus ×euramericana), I-77/51 (Populus deltoides), and S.307-26 (Populus deltoides), with a phenol formaldehyde (PF) adhesive. Two Populus deltoides clones that are grown in Turkey were used for the first time in LVL production. The clone effect on selected LVLs' physical, mechanical, and combustion properties were investigated and compared to those of host woods (HWs). In addition, the suitability of 2 new Populus deltoides clones in addition to Populus ×euramericana was determined for LVL manufacturing. The properties of LVLs were affected by clone …
Plant And Insect Diversity Along An Experimental Gradient Of Larch-Birch Mixtures In Chinese Boreal Forests,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Plant And Insect Diversity Along An Experimental Gradient Of Larch-Birch Mixtures In Chinese Boreal Forests, Jing Li, Juan Shi, Youqing Luo, Kari Heliovaara
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Maintaining and increasing biodiversity level especially in pure plantations is one important way to improve the resistance of forests to pests in Chinese boreal forests. The present study tested the hypothesis that the increased degree of tree species mixture (quantified by the stem proportion of Betula platyphylla Suk. and Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Rupr.) can affect the species richness and diversity of understory and insects. Twenty-one plots, ranging from pure larch stand to pure birch stand, were sampled in several thinned forests in a Chinese boreal forest area. Data of environmental factors, understory plant species and insect assemblage were collected from …
Seasonal Variation In Rooting Of The Cuttings From Tetraploid Locust In Relation To Nutrients And Endogenous Plant Hormones Of The Shoot, Wang Xiao Ling, Zhao Zhong
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
This study was carried out to elucidate the relationship between seasonal variation of rooting ability and inner conditions of the cuttings of Tetraploid Locust, and to determine the optimum time for rooting. It was conducted in a glasshouse at the Experimental Nursery of the College of Forestry, North-West Agriculture and Forestry University, Yang Ling, China, during 2009. Tetraploid Locust cuttings were taken from healthy trees of 3-year-old field-grown mother-stock orchard. Cuttings (15 cm in length and 10-12 mm in diameter) were collected and planted on 15 February, 15 March, 15 May, 15 June, 15 July, and 15 August. The results …
Identification And Purity Testing Of Maize Hybrids With One Parent In Common By Ultrathin-Layer Isoelectric Focusing Of Seed Salt-Soluble Proteins, Xiao-Yue Dou, Min Yan, Yu-Feng Xu, Khalid Hussain, Yuan-Zhi Liu, Feng Lin
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The objective of this study was to discriminate 11 maize hybrids with one parent in common using ultrathin-layer isoelectric focusing (UTLIEF) of seed salt-soluble proteins in 0.02% NaCl solution in the laboratory. Thirty-two protein bands were found in the pH range of 5.0-7.0, 62.5% of which were polymorphic. Six hybrids with the same male parent and 5 hybrids with the same female parent were differentiated by their patterns and numbers of polymorphic protein bands. The result showed that UTLIEF has the characteristics of high resolution to discriminate close genetic relationships. Meanwhile, the genetic purity of 11 hybrids were tested, and …
Characterization Of Sunflower Testing Environments In Serbia,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Characterization Of Sunflower Testing Environments In Serbia, Gordana R. Brankovic, Igor M. Balalic, Miroslav Z. Zoric, Vladimir J. Miklic, Sinisa B. Jocic, Gordana G. Surlan-Momirovic
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
A sunflower testing network that included 25 commercial hybrids and 26 sites in Serbia was analyzed by the sites regression biplot based on grain yield data in 2006 and 2007. The scientific aims of our study were to determine the representativeness and discriminating ability of the test sites and to identify good test sites for selecting generally and specifically adapted sunflower hybrids. Correlations among test sites, revealed by biplot and with Spearman's nonparametric rank correlation coefficients for each pair of test sites, were compared. Discriminating but nonrepresentative test sites in our study were represented by Aleksa Santic (18.8 °C average …
The Effects Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi On The Seedling Growth Of Four Hybrid Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) Cultivars,
2012
TÜBİTAK
The Effects Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi On The Seedling Growth Of Four Hybrid Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) Cultivars, Şefi̇k Tüfenkci̇, Semra Demi̇r, Suat Şensoy, Hüsameddi̇n Ünsal, Emre Demi̇rer Durak, Çeknas Erdi̇nç, Şeyhmus Bi̇çer, Ayteki̇n Eki̇nci̇alp
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The effectiveness of different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on different hybrid cucumber cultivars has not been well documented, even under normal seedling conditions. The present study therefore aimed to evaluate colonization, nutrient uptake, dependency, and other seedling traits of 4 cucumber hybrids (Ceren F_1, Beta F_1, Silyon F_1 and Maraton F_1) inoculated by 3 different AMF [Glomus intraradices (Gi), Glomus etunicatum (Ge) and Gigaspora margarita (Gm)]. Traits were evaluated in a growth chamber experiment consisting of a 4 × 4 factorial design (4 cucumber hybrids, 3 AMF plus 1 control) with 3 random replications. AMF-inoculated cucumber seedlings had shorter hypocotyledons …
Investigating Rainfall Erosivity Indices In Arid And Semiarid Climates Of Iran,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Investigating Rainfall Erosivity Indices In Arid And Semiarid Climates Of Iran, Elaheh Moussavi Kiassari, Davood Nikkami, Mohammad Hossein Mahdian, Ebrahim Pazira
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The rainfall erosivity index is one of the most important factors influencing soil erosion. For this reason, investigating the accuracy of rainfall erosivity indices is very important in different climatic regions. The objective of this research was to investigate different rainfall erosivity factors and determine the most appropriate ones for use in the central and northeastern parts of Iran. For this reason, necessary data were collected from 92, 6 and 10 soil erosion research plots in Khorasan Razavi, Semnan and Isfahan provinces, respectively. The rainfall intensities were recorded, as was the sediment yield associated with storm events, and 63 different …
Mating System In Natural Populations Of Taurus Cedar (Cedrus Libani A.Rich.),
2012
TÜBİTAK
Mating System In Natural Populations Of Taurus Cedar (Cedrus Libani A.Rich.), Behi̇ye Banu Bi̇lgen, Yusuf Kurt, Nuray Kaya
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The aim of this study was to estimate patterns of the mating system in 2 natural Cedrus libani A.Rich. populations in Elmalı, Antalya, with the aid of isozyme markers. Isozyme analysis was performed on both maternal and embryo tissues of the seeds collected from Avlankuzu and Çamkuyusu populations. Eleven loci encoding 8 enzyme systems were analyzed. The Avlankuzu and Çamkuyusu populations were a homogeneous and similar gene pool for the loci studied. Based on a multilocus estimator, the proportion of viable seeds originating from outcrossing (tm) was 0.940 for the Avlankuzu population and 0.944 for the Çamkuyusu population. In other …
The Effects Of Different Tillage Methods On The Post-Wheat Second Crop Sesame: Seed Yield, Energy Budget, And Economic Return,
2012
TÜBİTAK
The Effects Of Different Tillage Methods On The Post-Wheat Second Crop Sesame: Seed Yield, Energy Budget, And Economic Return, Bülent Uzun, Engi̇n Yol, Şeymus Furat, Mehmet Topakci, Murad Çanakci, Davut Karayel
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Field experiments were carried out to assess the effects of different tillage practices on second crop sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) after wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) during the growing seasons of 2008 and 2009 in Aksu, Antalya, Turkey. The experimental design included no-till sowing into wet soil (NTW), no-till sowing into dry soil (NTD), reduced tillage (RT), and conventional tillage (CT) with 3 registered sesame cultivars, Muganli-57, Gölmarmara, and Özberk. In the no-till methods, the field was passed over only once for planting, which was directly performed into soil with stubble. In the RT method, the soil was not inverted and …
Liquid Atomization And Spray Drift Measurement In A Wind Tunnel For A Twin Fluid System With A Deflector Nozzle,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Liquid Atomization And Spray Drift Measurement In A Wind Tunnel For A Twin Fluid System With A Deflector Nozzle, Zoltán Gulyás, László Fenyvesi, Sándor Szoboszlay
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The objectives of this research were to inspect the drop production of a twin fluid system with the Floodjet TK SS 10 042 deflector nozzle and to identify the drift of the droplets produced by the nozzle in a wind tunnel when using the nozzle with the individual settings provided by the company that enlisted our institute to do the described research task. The results of the inspection of drop production, done using a particle sizer, showed that the values of volume diameter D_{v10} were low, the percentage of drops smaller than 100 µm in size was considerable, and the …
Soil Failure Mode In Front Of A Multiple-Tip Horizontally Operated Penetrometer,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Soil Failure Mode In Front Of A Multiple-Tip Horizontally Operated Penetrometer, Abbas Hemmat, Azar Khorsandi, Vahab Shafaie
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Mechanical resistance of a soil to failure has been widely used to estimate the degree of soil compaction. Our previous study showed that the magnitude of force measured by the horizontally operated penetrometer depends on the soil failure mode in front of the sensor tip. In this research, 2 horizontally operated penetrometers were developed to investigate whether the critical depth (dc) at which the soil failure transition from brittle to compressive occurs is dictated by the aspect ratio (working depth/width ratio) of the tip or of the shank of the sensor. In the first sensor, the width of the shank …
Effects Of Compatibilizer And Nanolayered Silicate On Physical And Mechanical Properties Of Pp/Bagasse Composites,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Effects Of Compatibilizer And Nanolayered Silicate On Physical And Mechanical Properties Of Pp/Bagasse Composites, Behzad Kord
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Bagasse, an agricultural waste, was investigated for wood plastic nanocomposite production. The incorporation of nanolayered silicate has been considered in recent years for improving the properties of thermoplastic composite. In this study a composite of polypropylene (PP) and bagasse fiber (BF), with different concentrations of nanoclay and maleic anhydride (MA) as compatibilizer, were fabricated by injection molding. Then physical and mechanical properties of the composites were tested according to ASTM standards. The results indicated that tensile modulus and flexural strength increased with an increase in clay loading; however, impact strength and water absorption decreased with an increase in nanolayered silicates. …
