What Are The Causes, Consequences And Correctives Of Fish Contamination In The Detroit River Aoc That Cause Health Consumption Advisories? (Final Report, Michigan Sea Grant Michu-T-10-001),
2010
Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
What Are The Causes, Consequences And Correctives Of Fish Contamination In The Detroit River Aoc That Cause Health Consumption Advisories? (Final Report, Michigan Sea Grant Michu-T-10-001), Donna R. Kashian, Ken G. Drouillard, D. Haffner, Ann E. Krause, Z Liu, Larissa Sano
Environmental Science and Geology Faculty Research Publications
Using an Integrated Assessment (IA) framework, we consolidated and utilized existing data from the Detroit River to develop models that both identify possible drivers of elevated fish contaminant body burdens, and to facilitate a more risk-based approach of tissue trigger-levels for consumption advisories. This integrated assessment approach was particularly useful for consumption advisories as it provided the ability to integrate and organize complex data in a manner that can help inform management decisions. In addition, the IA framework explicitly fosters collaboration and participation of multiple interested groups. We have capitalized on this component of IAs, by seeking the active participation …
A Simplified Method For Monitoring Progestagens In African Elephants Under Field Conditions,
2010
Western Kentucky University
A Simplified Method For Monitoring Progestagens In African Elephants Under Field Conditions, Bruce A. Schulte, Elizaeth Freeman, F. Nicole Abbondanza, Jordana Meyer, Janine Brown
Biology Faculty Publications
Summary: 1. Hormone analyses are frequently used to support management of wildlife; however, current techniques are not very field-friendly. In situ hormone monitoring is often expensive, time consuming and logistically difficult. Thus, a new method for assessing ovarian cycle activity non-invasively in free-ranging African elephants was developed. 2. The technique involves handshaking faecal samples in common organic solvents, use of environmentally stable antibody-coated microtitre plates and assessment of progestagen concentrations based on a visual colour change. 3. Studies using ex situ African elephants determined that handshaking faeces in a solution of isopropyl alcohol was effective for extracting the faecal progestagens …
Elephants - A Conservation Overview,
2010
Western Kentucky University
Elephants - A Conservation Overview, Heidi Riddle, Bruce A. Schulte, Ajay Desai, Laura Van Der Meer
Biology Faculty Publications
Loss of habitat is one of the most significant problems facing elephants worldwide, leading to clashes over resources between wildlife and humans where elephants receive the largest part of blame – defined as Human Elephant Conflict (HEC). The sub-Saharan region of Africa contains an approximate population of 500,000 elephants that occupy 37 range countries. The African Elephant (Loxodonta africana) is categorized as Vulnerable in the Red List of Threatened Species; they are listed there as two distinct subspecies: the Savanna Elephant (L.a. africana) and the Forest Elephant (L. a. cyclotis). The Red List of …
Alfred Russel Wallace, Geographer,
2010
Western Kentucky University
Alfred Russel Wallace, Geographer, Charles H. Smith
DLPS Faculty Publications
Among the great explorers and thinkers who advanced geography in the nineteenth century and helped it evolve into the subject that exists today is a man who is not always connected with the field, Alfred Russel Wallace (1823–1913). Most commonly recognized as ‘the other man’ in the history of the discovery of the principle of natural selection, Wallace’s commitment to the study of landscape and its physical, biological, and human elements was lifelong, and resulted in a wide range of contributions to biogeography, physical geography, human geography, and ethnography. In this year of the double anniversaries of Charles Darwin’s birth …
Alfred Russel Wallace Notes 2 : The Spelling "Russel", And Wallace's Date Of Birth,
2010
Western Kentucky University
Alfred Russel Wallace Notes 2 : The Spelling "Russel", And Wallace's Date Of Birth, Charles H. Smith, James Williams, Jonathan Stephens, George Beccaloni
DLPS Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Alfred Russel Wallace Notes 1 : Authorship Of Two Early Works,
2010
Western Kentucky University
Alfred Russel Wallace Notes 1 : Authorship Of Two Early Works, Charles H. Smith, Michael Taylor, Gerrell M. Drawhorn
DLPS Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
A Habitat Model For The Detection Of Two-Lined Salamanders At C. F. Phelps Wildlife Management Area, Fauquier And Culpeper Counties, Virginia,
2010
Randolph-Macon College
A Habitat Model For The Detection Of Two-Lined Salamanders At C. F. Phelps Wildlife Management Area, Fauquier And Culpeper Counties, Virginia, Jay Mcghee, Michael D. Killian
Virginia Journal of Science
Aquatic salamanders represent an important component of Virginia river watersheds, but despite potential declines, few specifics are known about their habitat preferences. We surveyed the habitats of the northern two-lined salamander and collected data on an array of habitat variables associated with the species. We used a logistic regression analysis to develop a model predicting its presence or absence for a given 50m-transect. Our final model incorporated the variation in stream depth and direction of stream flow and accounted for 25% of the variation in our data. We conclude that stream depth variation is an important feature of salamander habitat …
Ecological Opportunity And The Origin Of Adaptive Radiations,
2010
University of Idaho
Ecological Opportunity And The Origin Of Adaptive Radiations, J. B. Yoder, E. Clancey, S. Des Roches, J. M. Eastman, L. Gentry, W. Godsoe, T. J. Hagey, D. Jochimsen, B. P. Oswald, J. Robertson, B. Sarver, J. J. Schenk, S. F. Spear, L. J. Harmon
Biology
Ecological opportunity – through entry into a new environment, the origin of a key innovation or extinction of antagonists – is widely thought to link ecological population dynamics to evolutionary diversification. The population-level processes arising from ecological opportunity are well documented under the concept of ecological release. However, there is little consensus as to how these processes promote phenotypic diversification, rapid speciation and adaptive radiation. We propose that ecological opportunity could promote adaptive radiation by generating specific changes to the selective regimes acting on natural populations, both by relaxing effective stabilizing selection and by creating conditions that ultimately generate diversifying …
Ecology And Theology In Dialogue : Death And Resurrection From An Ecological And Theological Perspective,
2010
Luther Seminary
Ecology And Theology In Dialogue : Death And Resurrection From An Ecological And Theological Perspective, Elizabeth Mcduffie
Master of Arts Theses
No abstract provided.
Non-Additive Effects Of Genotypic Diversity Increase Floral Abundance And Abundance Of Floral Visitors,
2010
University of Tennessee - Knoxville
Non-Additive Effects Of Genotypic Diversity Increase Floral Abundance And Abundance Of Floral Visitors, Mark A. Genung, Jean-Philippe Lessard, Claire B. Brown, Windy A. Bunn, Melissa A. Cregger, Wm. Nicholas Reynolds, Emmi Felker-Quinn, Mary L. Stevenson, Amanda S. Hartley, Gregory M. Crutsinger, Jennifer A. Schweitzer, Joseph K. Bailey
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Background
In the emerging field of community and ecosystem genetics, genetic variation and diversity in dominant plant species have been shown to play fundamental roles in maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem function. However, the importance of intraspecific genetic variation and diversity to floral abundance and pollinator visitation has received little attention.
Methodology/Principal Findings
Using an experimental common garden that manipulated genotypic diversity (the number of distinct genotypes per plot) of Solidago altissima, we document that genotypic diversity of a dominant plant can indirectly influence flower visitor abundance. Across two years, we found that 1) plant genotype explained 45% and 92% …
Impacts Of Shoreline Development On The Littoral Zone Of Great Pond,
2010
Colby College
Impacts Of Shoreline Development On The Littoral Zone Of Great Pond, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College, Colby Environmental Assessment Team, Colby College
Colby College Watershed Study: Great Pond (2012, 2010, 1998)
The Colby Environmental Assessment Team (CEAT) investigated the littoral zone of Great Pond in the Belgrade Lakes region of central Maine. Data collection occurred in September and October and analysis followed in October and November of 2010. Physical, biological, and chemical parameters were assessed to examine the impacts of shoreline development on the health of the littoral community. The littoral zone and adjacent riparian areas were sampled to allow comparison of aquatic and terrestrial parameters among different levels of shoreline development.
Quite A Year And New Life For Panthera Tigris: The St. Petersburg Declaration And The Future Of Wild Tigers,
2010
Colby College
Quite A Year And New Life For Panthera Tigris: The St. Petersburg Declaration And The Future Of Wild Tigers, Philip J. Nyhus, Lisa Ann Tekancic
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
A Sketch-Based Language For Representing Uncertainty In The Locations Of Origin Of Herbarium Specimens,
2010
Eastern Illinois University
A Sketch-Based Language For Representing Uncertainty In The Locations Of Origin Of Herbarium Specimens, Barry J. Kronenfeld, Andrew Weeks
Barry J. Kronenfeld
Uncertainty fields have been suggested as an appropriate model for retrospective georeferencing of herbarium specimens. Previous work has focused only on automated data capture methods, but techniques for manual data specification may be able to harness human spatial cognition skills to quickly interpret complex spatial propositions. This paper develops a formal modeling language by which location uncertainty fields can be derived from manually sketched features. The language consists of low-level specification of critical probability isolines from which a surface can be uniquely derived, and high-level specification of features and predicates from which low-level isolines can be derived. In a case …
Physiological Status Of Male And Female Popillia Japonica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Affects Mating And Grouping Behavior,
2010
Eastern Illinois University
Physiological Status Of Male And Female Popillia Japonica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Affects Mating And Grouping Behavior, Natasha Tigreros, Rashmi Jadhav, Katelyn A. Kowles, Britto P. Nathan, Paul Switzer
Paul V. Switzer
Because mating may be costly, sexually active males or females are predicted to be in relatively good physiological condition and may preferentially direct their mating behavior toward relatively high-quality mates. We tested this hypothesis in Japanese beetles (Popillia japonica Newman), a pest species in which males and females may be either isolated or in aggregations while feeding on host plants. We examined male size and lipid content and female size and egg load with respect to both their pairing status and whether they were isolated or in aggregations. Males that were paired had the highest lipid levels, and single, isolated …
Environmental And Endogenous Factors Influencing Emigration In Juvenile Anadromous Alewives,
2010
University of Connecticut - Storrs
Environmental And Endogenous Factors Influencing Emigration In Juvenile Anadromous Alewives, Benjamin I. Gahagan, Eric T. Schultz, Katie E. Gherard
EEB Articles
We analyzed juvenile anadromous alewife migration at Bride Lake, a coastal lake in Connecticut, during summer 2006 and found that migration on 24-hour and seasonal timescales was influenced by conditions of the environment and characteristics of the individual. To identify environmental cues of juvenile migration, we continuously video recorded fish at the lake outflow and employed information-theoretic model selection to identify the best predictors of daily migration rate. More than 80% of the approximately 320,000 juveniles that migrated from mid-June to mid-August departed in three pulses lasting one or two days. Pulses of migration were associated with precipitation events, transient …
Pedigree Analyses Of The Mississippi Sandhill Crane,
2010
University of New Orleans
Pedigree Analyses Of The Mississippi Sandhill Crane, Jessica R. Henkel
Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop
The genetic status of the critically endangered Mississippi sandhill crane (Grus canadensis pulla) was analyzed using 2008 studbook data from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service managed captive breeding and release program. Since the captive breeding program was established in 1964, gene diversity has decreased 6%, average mean kinship is at the level of first cousin, and inbreeding coefficients have been observed as high as 0.375. These high inbreeding levels were correlated with lower survivorship, and an analysis of the mate suitability of current pairs at the release site revealed poor mate suitability indices. These factors may be …
Thirty Years Of Mortality Assessment In Whooping Crane
Reintroductions: Patterns And Implications,
2010
International Crane Foundation
Thirty Years Of Mortality Assessment In Whooping Crane Reintroductions: Patterns And Implications, Barry K. Hartup, Marilyn G. Spalding, Nancy J. Thomas, Gretchen A. Cole, Young Jun Kim
Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop
We reviewed postmortem data to identify primary causes of mortality in reintroduced whooping cranes (Grus americana) and assess their potential for mitigation in future reintroduction efforts. In total, 240 cases from 3 populations were reviewed for causes of death, including the Rocky Mountain migratory population (n = 24, release dates 1975-1989), the Florida resident population (n = 186, 1993-2005), and the Wisconsin migratory population (n = 30, 2001-ongoing). Traumatic injury was the leading cause of mortality among the reintroduced whooping cranes, most commonly from predation (n = 120 or 50%, range 8-58% per project) or collision with fixed …
Endoparasites Of Greater Sandhill Cranes In South-Central Wisconsin,
2010
International Crane Foundation
Endoparasites Of Greater Sandhill Cranes In South-Central Wisconsin, Somer Hartman, Betsy Reichenberg, Jane Fanke, Anne E. Lacy, Barry K. Hartup
Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop
Windingstad and Trainer (1977) used both fecal sampling and postmortem examinations to document the occurrence of parasites in greater sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis tabida) from Wisconsin in the fall. We conducted repeated fecal sampling of a well-known population to expand on results of their study. Our objective was to determine whether seasonal differences exist in the prevalence of endoparasites of Wisconsin sandhill cranes. We collected 7 to 10 fecal samples approximately every other week from a consistent roost site on the Wisconsin River (43°34'52.99''N, 89°36'38.42''W) near Briggsville, Wisconsin, from 29 May through 25 September 2008. The sample size …
Icf Conservation Education: Bridging Crane Conservation And The
International Education Community,
2010
International Crane Foundation
Icf Conservation Education: Bridging Crane Conservation And The International Education Community, Joan Garland, Korie Klink
Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop
Education, at multiple levels with audiences in Wisconsin, Florida, Texas, and along the flyways where sandhill (Grus canadensis) and whooping cranes (G. americana) sometimes find themselves in close quarters with people, is the key to protecting North America's cranes. The migration of these birds highlights the dependence of cranes and other wildlife on wetlands along the migration routes. Most of these wetlands are privately owned, so the decisions and conservation outlook of future generations are critical to the survival of these cranes. The International Crane Foundation's (ICF) conservation education programs and materials focus on the importance of …
Video Surveillance Of Nesting Whooping Cranes,
2010
Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission
Video Surveillance Of Nesting Whooping Cranes, Timothy A. Dellinger, Martin J. Folk
Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop
The primary objective of the whooping crane (Grus americana) recovery plan is to establish and maintain 3 selfsustaining wild populations, 1 being a non-migratory Florida population. From 1993 to 2005, we released 289 captive cranes in central Florida, with 31 surviving as of 1 June 2008. From 1995 to 2008 we monitored 68 nests of the Florida population; from those, only 32 chicks hatched and 9 fledged. It often was not apparent why nests failed, and it was not practical to conduct labor-intensive observations at nests; therefore, we collected behavioral data using 12-volt VHS video surveillance cameras at …