Identification And Functional Characterization Of Genes And Micrornas From Penaeus Vannamei In Response To Pathogens And Heat Stress,
2018
Faculty of Science
Identification And Functional Characterization Of Genes And Micrornas From Penaeus Vannamei In Response To Pathogens And Heat Stress, Pakpoom Boonchuen
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
In the present day, high-throughput (HT) sequencing techniques provide in-depth data on how the transcripts are expressed and regulated and in this case shed light on how innate immunity responds to different stimuli. Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND) caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticusproducing Pir toxin (VPAHPND) is a current severe bacterial disease in shrimp. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in hepatopancreas and hemocyte of VPAHPND-challengedPenaeus vannamei. The hemocyaninand Vago5 were found as up-regulated genes in hepatopancreas and hemocyte of VPAHPND-infectedP. vannamei, respectively. Their functions in shrimp immunity against VPAHPNDinfection were then characterized. The native …
Anticancer Activity Of Mansonone G Derivatives Against Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Computational And Mechanistic Study,
2018
Faculty of Science
Anticancer Activity Of Mansonone G Derivatives Against Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Computational And Mechanistic Study, Panupong Mahalapbutr
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and DNA topoisomerase II (Topo II) are the key molecular targets for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) due to its major contribution to complex signaling cascades modulating the survival of cancer cells. In the present study, mansonone G (MG), a naturally occurring quinone-containing compound, and its semi-synthetic ether derivatives were subjected to theoretically and experimentally investigate the anticancer effects on EGFR/Topo II-mediated signaling pathways in NSCLC cell lines expressing wild-type EGFR (A549) and mutant EGFR (H1975). In vitro cytotoxicity screening results demonstrated that butoxy MG (MG3) was more susceptible to H1975 mutant cells (IC50 of …
L-Pipecolic Acid Production In Thra Knockout Escherichia Coli,
2018
Faculty of Sciences
L-Pipecolic Acid Production In Thra Knockout Escherichia Coli, Suttilak Khuanwilai
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
L-pipecolic acid (L-PA) is a non-proteinogenic amino acid, however, it is an important precursor and a key ingredient of many pharmaceutically compound syntheses such as immunosuppressants and anesthetics. The production of amino acids via fermentation of microorganisms are getting attention, one of the widely used is an engineered E. coli. L-PA production in the engineered E. coli uses L-lysine in its cell as a substrate. This research aimed to increase L-PA production by thrA knockout. The thrA encodes homoserine dehydrogenase I, the enzyme which draws the intermediate in L-lysine biosynthesis pathway to synthesize L-threonine. The group II intron insertion was …
Effects Of Mutations Of Levansucrase From Bacillus Licheniformis Rn-01 On Levan Oligosaccharides Binding,
2018
Faculty of Science
Effects Of Mutations Of Levansucrase From Bacillus Licheniformis Rn-01 On Levan Oligosaccharides Binding, Thassanai Sitthiyotha
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Produced by levansucrase that uses sucrose as a substrate, levan and levan oligosaccharides (GFn) have potential applications in food and pharmaceutical industries such as prebiotics, anti-obesity and anti-tumor agents. Previous study reported that N251A and N251Y mutants of levansucrase from Bacillus licheniformis RN-01 could effectively produce short-chain oligosaccharides upto GF3, instead of long-chain levan synthesis. This study hypothesized that these mutations probably reduced GF3 binding affinity in the active site of levansucrase that contains fructosyl-Asp93 intermediate and caused GF3 to be in an unfavorable orientation for transfructosylation; therefore, levansucrase could not effectively extend GF3 to GF4. However, these mutations probably …
Transcriptome Of Rice Oryza Sativa L. Over-Expressing Oscam1-1 Gene And Characterization Of Salt Stress-Responsive Isocitrate Lyase Gene,
2018
Faculty of Science
Transcriptome Of Rice Oryza Sativa L. Over-Expressing Oscam1-1 Gene And Characterization Of Salt Stress-Responsive Isocitrate Lyase Gene, Worawat Yuenyong
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The previous study of OsCam1-1 showed that the transgenic KDML105 rice over-expressing OsCam1-1 was more tolerant to salt stress than the wild type, so to investigate the role of calmodulin encoded by OsCam1-1 in the salt-responsive mechanism, the transcriptome approach using RNA-seq technique was applied. Transcriptome profile of the transgenic KDML105 rice over-expressing OsCam1-1 under 4 hr of salt stresss (150 mM NaCl) revealed that several cell processes were affected; signaling, hormone-mediated regulation, transcription, secondary metabolism, stress responses, lipid metabolism, glycolysis, TCA cycle, glyoxylate cycle, photosynthesis, and carbohydrate metabolism. Photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductance at day 3 and 5 of …
Functional Characterization Of Inhibitor Of Kappa B Kinase In Black Tiger Shrimp Penaeus Monodon Antiviral Signaling Pathway,
2018
Faculty of Science
Functional Characterization Of Inhibitor Of Kappa B Kinase In Black Tiger Shrimp Penaeus Monodon Antiviral Signaling Pathway, Zittipong Nhnhkorn
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The IKK-NF-κB signaling cascade is one of the crucial responsive mechanisms in inflammatory and immune responses. The key kinase proteins called inhibitor of kappa B kinases (IKKs) serve as the core elements involved in cascade activation. Here, the complete open reading frames of IKK homologs including PmIKKβ, PmIKKε1 and PmIKKε2, from the black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon were identified and characterized for their functions in shrimp antiviral responses. The PmIKK transcripts were widely expressed in various examined tissues and the PmIKKε protein was detected in all three types of shrimp hemocytes. Only the PmIKKε1 and PmIKKε2 were responsive to white …
The Effect Of Nac And Carnosine On AlzheimerS Disease-Related In Vitro Model Through Rage-Age Signaling Pathway,
2018
Faculty of Allied Health Sciences
The Effect Of Nac And Carnosine On AlzheimerS Disease-Related In Vitro Model Through Rage-Age Signaling Pathway, Suphasarang Sirirattanakul
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common dementia which found increasing with age. It involves neurodegeneration which leads to various abnormalities especially memory loss, inability to learn new things, lack of creativity, lack of decision making ability, lack of critical thinking, calculation inability, inability to live normal daily life, inability to recognize person, time and place, emotional disturbance, and difficulty to use language. Since AD has severe impact in various aspects on both the patients and their families, so we are interested to study the neurodegenerative mechanism when neuronal cells are under oxidative stress which will induce neuroinflammation through the …
Study Of Hiv-1 Reverse Transcriptase And Protease Inhibition By Mushroom Extracts,
2018
Faculty of Allied Health Sciences
Study Of Hiv-1 Reverse Transcriptase And Protease Inhibition By Mushroom Extracts, Chanin Sillapachaiyaporn
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) can cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a world serious public health problem. HIV-1 protease (HIV-1 PR) and reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT) are necessary target enzymes which have been used for antiretroviral drugs development. Herein, Lignosus rhinocerus (LR), Auricularia polytricha (AP) and Astraeus spp. (AH) crude extracts were screened for inhibitory activities on both enzymes. Crude hexane extract of AP (APH) exhibited significant inhibition on both HIV-1 PR and RT activities not only in an in vitro non-cell based but also cell based assays. In HIV-1 infected MOLT-4 cell model, APH significantly reduced capsid protein (p24) …
การพัฒนาแบบจำลองเซลล์ลำไส้ของมนุษย์บนกระดาษที่มีการดัดแปรพื้นผิวและต้นแบบไบโอเซนเซอร์ไร้สายสำหรับตรวจวัดการเจริญของจุลชีพก่อโรค,
2018
คณะสหเวชศาสตร์
การพัฒนาแบบจำลองเซลล์ลำไส้ของมนุษย์บนกระดาษที่มีการดัดแปรพื้นผิวและต้นแบบไบโอเซนเซอร์ไร้สายสำหรับตรวจวัดการเจริญของจุลชีพก่อโรค, ปัณณวิชญ์ ถิรบวรกิจพิธาน
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
วิทยานิพนธ์นี้เป็นการนำเสนองานวิจัย การพัฒนาวิธีการใหม่เพื่อควบคุมและเฝ้าระวังโรคติดเชื้อ โดยประกอบด้วยเนื้อหาสำคัญสองส่วน ได้แก่ (i) การพัฒนาแบบจำลองเซลล์ลำไส้ของมนุษย์ที่เพาะเลี้ยงบนกระดาษที่มีการดัดแปรพื้นผิว เพื่อใช้ประโยชน์ในการศึกษากลไกการบุกรุกของเชื้อจุลชีพก่อโรคในระบบทางเดินอาหาร และ (ii) การพัฒนาต้นแบบไบโอเซนเซอร์แบบไร้สายเพื่อการตรวจติดตามการเจริญของเชื้อจุลชีพก่อโรค โดยในส่วนแรก เซลล์ลำไส้ของมนุษย์ HT-29 จำนวน 200,000 เซลล์ ถูกเพาะเลี้ยงในบริเวณชอบน้ำของกระดาษกรอง Whatman No.1 โดยกระดาษถูกดัดแปรพื้นผิวด้วยสารแมทริกซ์นอกเซลล์ (Extracellular matrix: ECM) ชนิดต่าง ๆ ได้แก่ Matrigel, Collagen-1 และ Laminin พื้นที่เพาะเลี้ยงเซลล์มีขนาด 12.56 ตารางมิลลิเมตร ภายใต้สภาวะที่เหมาะสม เซลล์ HT-29 ที่ถูกเพาะเลี้ยงบนกระดาษ มีชีวิตรอดได้ถึง 28 วัน และแสดงลักษณะของเซลล์ที่เจริญเต็มที่ โดยมีการแสดงออกของวิลไล (villi) ที่ผิวเซลล์ด้านบน (apical) และมีการแสดงออกของโปรตีน ZO-1 ซึ่งแสดงถึงเซลล์มีการสร้างไทต์จังก์ชันเกิดขึ้น จากการใช้สารเชื่อมพันธะสำหรับเชื่อมพันธะ ECM แต่ละชนิด พบว่าเมื่อใช้สารเจนิพินในการเชื่อมพันธะ เซลล์มีชีวิตรอดทั้งหมด (100 -112.8%) ในขณะที่มีเพียง 1.1 - 67.3 % ของเซลล์รอดชีวิต หากใช้สารกลูตารัลดีไฮด์ในการเชื่อมพันธะ แต่การใช้สารเชื่อมพันธะทั้งสองชนิด ทำให้เซลล์ไม่สามารถแบ่งตัวมีรูปร่างแบบสามมิติได้ เมื่อสังเกตด้วย SEM เซลล์มีลักษณะแบน การดัดแปรพื้นผิวกระดาษด้วยสาร ECM ชนิด Matrigel ส่งผลให้เซลล์มีชีวิตรอดมากที่สุดและสาร ECM ชนิด Laminin ทำให้เซลล์เกิดการแปรสภาพ (cell differentiation) ได้ดีที่สุด งานวิจัยส่วนที่ 2 เป็นการพัฒนาไบโอเซนเซอร์ไร้สายสำหรับติดตามการเจริญของเชื้อจุลชีพก่อโรค ได้แก่ เชื้อ Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus gordonii และ Candida albicans พบว่าเชื้อดังกล่าวสามารถสร้างไบโอฟิล์มบนผิวของขั้วไฟฟ้าคาร์บอนอสัณฐาน (glassy carbon electrode) และสามารถให้ค่าศักย์ไฟฟ้าที่เป็นลบได้ …
The Interaction Between Ceramide-1-Phosphate And Group Iva Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 And Its Role In Wound Healing,
2018
Virginia Commonwealth University
The Interaction Between Ceramide-1-Phosphate And Group Iva Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 And Its Role In Wound Healing, Patrick Macknight
Theses and Dissertations
The sphingolipid, ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P), directly binds and activates Group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2a) to generate eicosanoids. Due to the role of eicosanoids in wound healing, we choose to use our novel genetic mouse model expressing cPLA2a with an ablated C1P interaction site (KI) to examine the cPLA2a/C1P interaction in wound healing. Wound closure rate was not affected, but wound maturation was dramatically enhanced by loss of the C1P/cPLA2α interaction based on the following findings. Wounds in KI mice displayed: i) increased infiltration of dermal fibroblasts into the wound environment; ii …
Processing Of 3′-Blocked Dna Double-Strand Breaks By Tyrosyl-Dna Phosphodiesterase 1, Artemis And Polynucleotide Kinase/ Phosphatase,
2018
Virginia Commonwealth University
Processing Of 3′-Blocked Dna Double-Strand Breaks By Tyrosyl-Dna Phosphodiesterase 1, Artemis And Polynucleotide Kinase/ Phosphatase, Ajinkya S. Kawale
Theses and Dissertations
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) containing unligatable termini are potent cytotoxic lesions leading to growth arrest or cell death. The Artemis nuclease and tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase (TDP1) are each capable of resolving protruding 3′-phosphoglycolate (PG) termini of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Consequently, a knockout of Artemis and a knockout/knockdown of TDP1 rendered cells sensitive to the radiomimetic agent neocarzinostatin (NCS), which induces 3′-PG-terminated DSBs. Unexpectedly, however, a knockdown or knockout of TDP1 in Artemis-null cells did not confer any greater sensitivity than either deficiency alone, indicating a strict epistasis between TDP1 and Artemis. Moreover, a deficiency in Artemis, but not TDP1, resulted …
Cellular Inhibitor Of Apoptosis Protein2 – A Critical Regulator Of Neuroinflammation,
2018
Virginia Commonwealth University
Cellular Inhibitor Of Apoptosis Protein2 – A Critical Regulator Of Neuroinflammation, Debolina Dipankar Biswas
Theses and Dissertations
Inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs) modulate cell death and play critical role in signal transduction that promotes inflammation. Recently, Smac mimetics, which are IAP antagonists, have attracted attention as novel cancer therapeutics. Cellular Inhibitor of Apoptosis 2 (cIAP2), a member of IAP family, positively affects both NF-κB and MAPK activation in response to many inflammatory stimuli. We observed that the lack of cIAP2 ablates LPS-induced neuroinflammation. Also, cIAP2-/- macrophages demonstrated diminished antigen presentation potential that could contribute to ablated immunity. In addition to these functions, we have previously reported that cIAP2 also regulates the activation of Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 …
Initial Functional Characterization Of Bfo 2291 And Bfo 2294 From Tannerella Forsythia; Degraders Of Chondroitin Sulfate A,
2018
Wilfrid Laurier University
Initial Functional Characterization Of Bfo 2291 And Bfo 2294 From Tannerella Forsythia; Degraders Of Chondroitin Sulfate A, Rony Eshaque, Rony Eshaque
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Periodontitis is characterized by the inflammation of the periodontal tissues in response to bacterial action. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2010 study shows that periodontitis ranks 6thin the global prevalence of oral health conditions and affects 11% of the world population. It is initiated by the formation of biofilms containing different types of bacteria. These biofilms exist as dental plaque and contain three types of bacteria called Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonasgingivalis, and Treponema denticola. These three types of bacteria are strongly associated with periodontitis and they are termed as the Red complex. The main focus of the …
The Distinction Of The Interactions Between The Transmembrane Domains Of Basigin Gene Products And Monocarboxylate Transporters,
2018
University of North Florida
The Distinction Of The Interactions Between The Transmembrane Domains Of Basigin Gene Products And Monocarboxylate Transporters, Joseph D. Fong
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Although it was once thought that neurons solely rely on glucose as a substrate for cellular energy production, it is now known that small monocarboxylate molecules, like pyruvate, lactate, and ketone bodies, are also utilized. Monocarboxylates are transported across plasma membranes via facilitated diffusion using a family of transport proteins known as monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs). Four MCTs (MCT1, MCT2, MCT3, and MCT4) are expressed within neural tissues. Expression of the MCTs has been tied to co-expression of a cell adhesion molecule belonging to the Basigin subset of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF). Basigin gene products are known to interact with MCT1 …
Bioinformatic Interrogation Of Phosphonate Tailoring Pathways,
2018
Wilfrid Laurier University
Bioinformatic Interrogation Of Phosphonate Tailoring Pathways, Monica Papinski
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Phosphonates represent an underexploited class of natural products despite their tremendous potential for use in medicine and agriculture. Even less characterized are phosphonate-containing macromolecules such as cell wall lipids and glycans, distinguished by a P-C bond known to provide stability towards hydrolysis. Despite some progress made in revealing cell wall phosphonate tailoring (Pnt) pathways, several barriers impede the discovery and characterization of novel phosphonate biosynthetic pathways. Specifically, a large diversity of gene composition and arrangement is evident surrounding key genes established to participate in phosphonate tailoring pathways, which are identified alongside the presence of the ppm gene encoding the P-C …
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes And Imbalance In Angiogenic Growth Mediators And Oxidative Stress Biomarkers Is Associated With Advanced Maternal Age Births: A Prospective Cohort Study In Ghana,
2018
Edith Cowan University
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes And Imbalance In Angiogenic Growth Mediators And Oxidative Stress Biomarkers Is Associated With Advanced Maternal Age Births: A Prospective Cohort Study In Ghana, Enoch Odame Anto, William K. Owiredu, Samuel A. Sakyi, Cornelius A. Turpin, Richard K. Ephraim, Linda A. Fondjo, Christian Obirikorang, Eric Adua, Emmanuel Acheampong
Research outputs 2014 to 2021
Background Advanced maternal age (AMA) has been associated with negative pregnancy outcomes. Oxidative stress (OS) and defective placental dysfunction are contributing factors. This study determined the association between AMA and adverse pregnancy outcomes, OS biomarkers and angiogenic growth mediators (AGMs) in normal pregnancies. Methods This prospective cohort study conducted at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology (O&G) Department of the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) finally included 175 normal pregnant women comprising, 58 AMA (35–45 years), 55 (30–34 years) and 62 optimal childbearing age (20–29 years). Venous blood samples were collected at 28–32 weeks for soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), placental growth …
Prebiotic Potential Of Aerosols,
2018
University of Northern Iowa
Prebiotic Potential Of Aerosols, Emma Rae Shipley
Honors Program Theses
A triple quadrupole gas chromatograpy mass spectrometer (GC/MS/QQQ) was used to determine prebiotic molecules of interest in plasma and photochemical aerosols. Glycolic acid was further studied using isotopically doped gases. Plasma and photochemical aerosol analogs were shown to have nucleobases and a few amino acids. Each type of aerosol was also the source of glycolic acid, a precursor to glycine. Using 18O doped CO, it was determined that contamination was not a source of oxygen in the samples. Using different combinations of 13C doped gases in 1:1 combinations of CO and CH4, it was determined that …
New Insights Into The "Manna From Heaven" Hypothesis,
2018
University of Northern Iowa
New Insights Into The "Manna From Heaven" Hypothesis, Clare Laubenthal
Honors Program Theses
Titan’s atmosphere is unique in that its atmospheric chemistry is thought to be similar to that of the Earth’s atmosphere during the Archean Era, when bacterial life dominated the Earth1. Tholins form as a result of the radiation of organic gases by ultraviolet light. These molecules are considered alike to the prebiotic hazes that formed in the atmosphere of Earth during the Archean Era and which allowed for the eventual development of microbial life2 . This study investigated whether Earth soil bacteria can grow, using laboratory created tholin analogs, or aerosols, as a nutrient source. This study …
Structural Evidence Of A Major Conformational Change Triggered By Substrate Binding In Dape Enzymes: Impact On The Catalytic Mechanism,
2017
Midwest Center for Structural Genomics and Structural Biology
Structural Evidence Of A Major Conformational Change Triggered By Substrate Binding In Dape Enzymes: Impact On The Catalytic Mechanism, Boguslaw Nocek, Cory Reid, Anna Starus, Tahirah Heath, David Bienvenues, Jerzy Osipiuk, Robert Jedrzeczak, Andrzej Joachimiak, Daniel P. Becker Ph.D., Richard C. Holz
Chemistry: Faculty Publications and Other Works
The X-ray crystal structure of the dapE-encoded N-succinyl-l,l-diaminopimelic acid desuccinylase from Haemophilus influenzae (HiDapE) bound by the products of hydrolysis, succinic acid and l,l-DAP, was determined at 1.95 Å. Surprisingly, the structure bound to the products revealed that HiDapE undergoes a significant conformational change in which the catalytic domain rotates ∼50° and shifts ∼10.1 Å (as measured at the position of the Zn atoms) relative to the dimerization domain. This heretofore unobserved closed conformation revealed significant movements within the catalytic domain compared to that of wild-type HiDapE, which results in effectively closing off access to …
9-Aminoacridine Inhibits Ribosome Biogenesis And Synergizes With Cytotoxic Drugs To Induce Selective Killing Of P53-Deficient Cells,
2017
Rowan University
9-Aminoacridine Inhibits Ribosome Biogenesis And Synergizes With Cytotoxic Drugs To Induce Selective Killing Of P53-Deficient Cells, Leonid Anikin, Dimitri G Pestov
Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research
Common cancer treatments target rapidly dividing cells and do not discriminate between cancer and normal host cells. One approach to mitigating negative side‐effects of cancer treatment is to temporarily arrest cell cycle progression and thus protect normal cells during cytotoxic treatments, a concept called cyclotherapy. We recently proposed that transient inhibition of post‐transcriptional steps of ribosome biogenesis (RBG) can be used to selectively arrest p53‐positive host cells and not p53‐null cancer cells. In this study, we investigated whether cytoprotective RBG inhibition can be achieved through small molecule treatment.
