Zoology Commons^™

New Records And Notes On The Ecology Of The Northern Long-Eared Bat (Myotis Septentrionalis) In Arkansas, D. Blake Sasse, M. L. Caviness, M. J. Harvey, J. L. Jackson, P. N. Jordan, T. L. Klotz, P. R. Moore, R. W. Perry, R. K. Redman, T. S. Risch, D. A. Saugey, J. D. Wilhide

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Differential Responding By Rhesus Monkeys (Macaca Mulatta) And Humans (Homo Sapiens) To Variable Outcomes In The Assurance Game, Audrey E. Parrish, Sarah F. Brosnan, Bart J. Wilson, Michael J. Beran

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

Behavioral flexibility in how one responds to variable partner play can be examined using economic coordination games in which subjects play against a variety of partners and therefore may need to alter their behavior to produce the highest payoff. But how do we study this behavioral flexibility once players have settled on a response? Here, we investigated how responding by rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) and humans (Homo sapiens) playing a computerized single-player version of a coordination game, the Assurance game, changed as a function of the variable responses (Stag/Hare) generated by multiple simulations (SIMs). We were interested in whether individuals …

Aspects Of The Trophic Ecology Of An Invertivorous Snake Community, Meagan Amanda Thomas

Masters Theses

Understanding the significance of trophic links has been of interest to ecologists for decades, likely because food web studies have the potential to reveal a considerable amount of information in the fields of ecosystem and community ecology. Despite the intrinsic benefits that come from elucidating food web structures, doing so is often problematic because of the complex and dynamic nature of ecological communities. The dietary ecology of small-bodied invertivorous snakes remains relatively understudied compared to other snake species. Many of these species are abundant throughout their range, making them ideal organisms for studying community-level questions. I employed a combination of …

Animals' Capability To Bond And The Implications That Follow, Falyn Goldfarb

Honors College Theses

This paper explores the ways in which humans have historically viewed animals, with a focus on Descartes theory automata. Further concepts of the problem of different minds, inherent value, empathy, love, friendship, grief, isolation, anthropomorphism, and biochemistry (focusing on oxytocin, cortisol and the prefrontal cortex) are all explored. Numerous literature reviews are used as examples to fight against the argument that animals are merely machines and can therefore be used and abused. Animal social bonds, including parent-child, purely social, and animal-human, are analyzed for their evolutionary and biological purposes in attempt to highlight the relationships that are not obviously valuable …

Resurrection And Redescription Of Varestrongylus Alces (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae), A Lungworm Of The Eurasian Moose (Alces Alces), With Report On Associated Pathology, Guilherme G. Verocai, Eric P. Hoberg, Turid Vikøren, Kjell Handeland, Bjørnar Ytrehus, Andrew M. Rezansoff, Rebecca K. Davidson, John S. Gilleard, Susan J. Kutz

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Background: Varestrongylus alces, a lungworm in Eurasian moose from Europe has been considered a junior synonym of Varestrongylus capreoli, in European roe deer, due to a poorly detailed morphological description and the absence of a type-series.

Methods: Specimens used in the redescription were collected from lesions in the lungs of Eurasian moose, from Vestby, Norway. Specimens were described based on comparative morphology and integrated approaches. Molecular identification was based on PCR, cloning and sequencing of the ITS-2 region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA. Phylogenetic analysis compared V. alces ITS-2 sequences to these of other Varestrongylus species …

Determinants Of Bite Force In Four Species Of Sharks From The Gulf Of Mexico With An Emphasis On The Atlantic Sharpnose Shark, Rhizoprionodon Terraenovae, Kyle Walter Rice

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Bite force can provide valuable information regarding the physiological ecology of an organism. However, there have been few studies wherein bite force in sharks has been considered. Herein I report on a study of the bite force of four species of sharks with particular emphasis on that of the atlantic sharpnose shark, rhizoprionodon terraenovae. Among the four species examined, blacktip shark, carcharhinus limbatus bite force was significantly higher than that of sharpnose, rhizoprionodon terraenovae. There was no significant difference between the bite force of those species compared with the same for finetooth shark, c. Isodon and spinner shark, c. Brevipinna. …

Examination Of The Snsag Surface Antigen Gene Family In Sarcocystis Neurona, Ablesh Gautam

Theses and Dissertations--Veterinary Science

Sarcocystis neurona is a protozoan parasite that causes the serious neurologic disease equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM). The life cycle of S. neurona progresses through multiple developmental stages that differ morphologically and molecularly. The S. neurona merozoite surface is covered by multiple related proteins, which are orthologous to the surface antigen (SAG) gene family of Toxoplasma gondii. The SAG surface antigens in T. gondii and another related parasite Neospora caninum are life cycle stage-specific and seem necessary for parasite transmission and persistence of infection. The present research was conducted to explore the gene family of SnSAGs in S. …

Natural History Notes And Records Of Vertebrates From Arkansas, M. B. Connior, R. Tumlison, H. W. Robison, C. T. Mcallister, D. A. Neely

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

New Host And Location Record For The Bat Bug Cimex Adjunctus Barber 1939, With A Summary Of Previous Records, M. E. Grilliot, J. L. Hunt, C. G. Sims, C. E. Comer

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

In June 2009, 14 Rafinesque’s big-eared bats(Corynorhinus rafinesquii) were collected from an abandoned house near Shepherd, San Jacinto County, Texas. Three individuals harbored bat bugs which were subsequently identified as Cimex adjunctus Barber 1939. This is the first record of this species from C. rafinesquii. In August 2013, 10 C. rafinesquii were collected from a maternity colony in Drew County in southeastern Arkansas. Four of the bats harbored bat bugs, which were identified as C. adjunctus. This is the first record of this bat bug from Arkansas. A summary of previous state and host records of the insect is provided, …

Fecundity Of Arkansas Tarantulas Aphonopelma Hentzi (Girard), A. K. Jones, D. H. Jamieson, T. L. Jamieson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Haemogregarina Sp. (Apicomplexa: Haemogregarinidae), Telorchis Attenuata (Digenea: Telorchiidae) And Neoechinorhynchus Emydis (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) From Map Turtles (Graptemys Spp.), In Northcentral Arkansas, C. T. Mcallister, C. R. Bursey, H. W. Robison, M. B. Connior, M. A. Barger

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

New Host And Geographic Distribution Records For The Fish Leech Myzobdella Reducta (Meyer, 1940) (Hirudinida: Piscicolidae), D. J. Richardson, W. E. Moser, C. T. Mcallister, R. Tumlison, J. W. Allen Jr., M. A. Barger, H. W. Robison, D. A. Neely, G. Watkins-Colwell

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Size And Age Records For An Arkansas Specimen Of The American Bullfrog, Lithobates Catesbeianus (Anura: Ranidae), S. E. Trauth, T. A. Welch

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Small Tidal Channels Improve Foraging Opportunities For Calidris Shorebirds, Aileen K. Miller, Catherine E. De Rivera

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Estuarine intertidal habitats are heterogeneous, therefore migratory shorebirds are expected to forage in microhabitats where they can maximize their energy intake. Identifying proximate factors that migratory shorebirds use to accept or reject a particular habitat patch will help land managers make conservation and restoration decisions that provide the greatest benefits to shorebird populations during migration, a period of intense energy usage. We examined whether small semipermanent tidal channels were preferentially used by foraging Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) and Dunlins (C. alpina) during a spring migratory stopover in Bandon Marsh, an Oregon, USA, estuary. Further, we tested …

Morphological And Biometrical Comparisons Of The Baculum In The Genus Nannospalax Palmer, 1903 (Rodentia: Spalacidae) From Turkey With Consideration Of Its Taxonomic Importance, Teoman Kankiliç, Tolga Kankiliç, Peri̇nçek Seçki̇n Ozan Şeker, Erkut Kivanç

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The morphological variability of the baculum (os penis) of 147 adult specimens of species in the genus Nannospalax from 58 localities in Turkey was examined using morphological and numerical taxonomic methods. Significant differences among all of the Turkish species in the genus were determined by morphological and biometrical comparison of the bacula, and the results of this study showed that N. nehringi and N. xanthodon are separate species and that the names are not synonyms. Additionally, because the central Anatolian mole rat populations that were classified by previous studies as members of N. nehringi or N. xanthodon had highly different …

Pentastomids Of Wild Snakes In Australia, Crystal Kelehear, David M. Spratt, Denis O'Meally, Richard Shine

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

Pentastomids are endoparasites of the respiratory system of vertebrates, maturing primarily in carnivorous reptiles. Adult and larval pentastomids can cause severe pathology resulting in the death of their intermediate and definitive hosts. The study of pentastomids is a neglected field, impaired by risk of zoonoses, difficulties in species identification, and life cycle complexities. We surveyed wild snakes in the tropics of Australia to clarify which host species possess these parasites, and then sought to identify these pentastomids using a combination of morphological and molecular techniques. We detected pentastomid infections in 59% of the 81 snakes surveyed. The ubiquity of pentastomid …

Varestrongylus Eleguneniensis Sp. N. (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae): A Widespread, Multi-Host Lungworm Of Wild North American Ungulates, With An Emended Diagnosis For The Genus And Explorations Of Biogeography, Guilherme G. Verocai, Susan J. Kutz, Manon Simard, Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Background: A putative new species of Varestrongylus has been recently recognized in wild North American ungulates based on the ITS-2 sequences of larvae isolated from feces during a wide geographic survey. No taxonomic description was provided, as adult specimens were not examined. Methods: Lungworm specimens were collected in the terminal bronchioles of muskoxen from Quebec, and a woodland caribou from central Alberta, Canada. The L3 stage was recovered from experimentally infected slugs (Deroceras spp.). Description of specimens was based on comparative morphology and integrated approaches. Molecular identity was determined by PCR and sequencing of the ITS-2 region of …

First Report Of Satellite Males During Breeding In Leptodactylus Latrans (Amphibia, Anura), Gabriel Laufer, Noelia Gobel, José M. Mautone, María Galán, Rafael O. De Sá

Biology Faculty Publications

Individual males can adopt alternative mating tactics. The occurrence of satellite males is a common behaviour across anuran taxa (e.g., Lithobates clamitans, Wells, 1977; Anaxyrus cognatus, Krupa, 1989; Dendropsophus ebraccatus, Miyamoto and Cane, 1980; Rhinella crucifer, Forester and Lynken, 1986). Satellite males take peripheral positions to calling males, and adopt alternate mating tactics in an attempt to intercept females that are attracted to calling males (Wells, 2007) to increase their own mating success. Satellite males could have an inexpensive form of mate-locating, avoiding predators, and saving energy (Arak, 1983). Furthermore, this strategy could play an important role in the genetic …

The Taxonomic Status And Geographic Distribution Of The European Hare (Lepus Europaeus Pallas, 1778) In Turkey (Mammalia: Lagomorpha), Yasi̇n Demi̇rbaş, İrfan Albayrak

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This study was based on 125 specimens of hares collected from 61 different localities in Turkey between 2006 and 2010. We present diagnostic characters, pelage coloration, external, cranial and phallic measurements, skull and phallus features, hair structure, and collection localities of hares from Turkey. Additionally, we analyze morphometric variations of 5 regional populations according to the physiography/orography of the study area. Among the morphometric variables, 10 characters (weight, tail length, basal length, condylobasal length, rostral breadth, height of braincase, foramen incisiva length, occipitonasal length, profile length, and mandible length) are found to be significantly different between the populations (ANOVA, P < 0.01). Principal component analysis of 22 morphometric measurements is performed, and 71.56% of total variance is explained through 5 principle components. The Thracian specimen is distinguished from other populations on the first 2 canonical discriminant functions and the cluster dendrogram. The hair structure, as examined by scanning electron microscope, is found to be flattened and imbricate. Our Anatolian specimens are discussed at the subspecies level, comparing them to the relevant literature, and it is concluded that Lepus europaeus in Anatolia is represented by only one subspecies, Lepus europaeus syriacus.

Morphological Examination Of The Resting Egg Structure Of 3 Cladoceran Species [Ceriodaphnia Quadrangula (O. F. Müller, 1785), Daphnia Longispina (O. F. Müller, 1776), And D. Magna Straus, 1820], Murat Kaya, Sevi̇l Erdoğan

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Morphological characteristics of the resting egg, which is important to ensure the continuity of generations, were examined to understand if there were morphologically significant differences among 3 cladoceran species. Resting eggs floating on the water surface were collected by a plankton net with a mesh size of 100 \mum from Mamasın Dam Lake in November 2012 and were left to dry at room temperature in the laboratory. In this study, the size, shape, and color of the ephippium and the size of the egg/eggs enclosed in the ephippium were comparatively analyzed by stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope. It was observed …