Aquaculture and Fisheries Commons^™

Traditional Vs New Approaches For Assessing Coral Health: A Global Overview And The Paradigm Of French Polynesia, Laetitia Hédouin, Véronique Berteaux-Lecellier

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Today, there is increasing concern regarding the capacity of Scleractinian corals to sustain the growing number of insults associated with global and local changes (e.g. global warming, ocean acidification, pollution). If corals are to exist, there is an urgent need to use indicators of coral health that provide insight into early sub lethal shifts in corals before the irreversible effects of exposure manifest at the population and community levels. This paper will provide an overview of the most relevant and appropriate indicators of coral health currently used in traditional monitoring programs (traditional approach) or those that could be used in …

Assessing The Potential Bacterial Origin Of The Chemical Diversity In Calcareous Sponges, Elodie Quévrain, Mélanie Roué, Isabelle Domart-Coulon, Marie-Lise Bourguet-Kondracki

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The chemodiversity and cultivable bacterial diversity of temperate calcareous sponges were investigated in a time series of collection of two sponges, Leuconia johnstoni (Baerida, Calcaronea) collected from the northeastern Atlantic Ocean and Clathrina clathrus (Clathrinida, Calcinea) collected from the northwestern Mediterranean Sea, using combined chemical and microbiological approaches. Bacteria were visualized in tissue sections of these sponges with Gram staining and in situ hybridization. The sponge crude extracts revealed annually persistent biological activities against reference human pathogen strains: L. johnstoni extracts displayed antimicrobial activity against a Gram positive Staphylococcus aureus strain; C. clathrus extracts displayed a broad spectrum of antimicrobial …

Diversity Of Bacterial Communities On Sunken Woods In The Mediterranean Sea, Sandrine Bessette, Sonja K. Fagervold, Chiara Romano, Daniel Martin, Nadine Le Bris, Pierre E Galand

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Sunken woods are very rich and diverse ecosystems supporting large macrofaunal diversity and representing a source of carbon and energy for any heterotrophic organism able to consume plant material, and those relying on specialized microbial taxa. However, relatively little is known about the microbial communities that degrade sunken woods and produce reduced compounds that serve as energy sources for chemosynthetic lifestyles. The purpose of this study was to explore the bacterial diversity developing on and within sunken woods in a NW Mediterranean submarine canyon and its adjacent slope by using 16S rRNA genes survey. We described communities from Pine wood …

Crustacean Hyperglycemic Hormone: Structural Variants, Physiological Function, And Cellular Mechanism Of Action, Chi-Ying Lee, Kuo-Wei Tsai, Wei-Shiun Tsai, Jia-Ying Jiang,, Yan-Jhou Chen

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) is a peptide hormone originally identified in the X-organ/sinus gland (XO/ SG) complex of the eyestalks. It belongs to the CHH family which also includes molt-inhibiting hormone (MIH), vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone (VIH), and mandibular organinhibiting hormone (MOIH), and ion transport peptide (ITP). Multiple molecular variants of CHH are generated by both post-transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms. In addition to the XO/SG complex, CHH gene is widely expressed in many extra-eyestalk tissues. Functionally, available data indicate that CHH is involved with the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism and stress-induced hyperglycemia. Several other physiological processes, including molting, ion and water balance, …

Hydrothermal Vent Effluents Affect Life Stages Of The Copepod Tisbe Sp, Hans-Uwe Dahms, Li-Chun Tseng, Derek Moo-Chul Shim, Jiang-Shiou Hwang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

We examined the environmental effects of various concentrations of hydrothermal vent (HV) effluents on growth, reproduction, and survivorship of the Tisbe sp. harpacticoid copepod that were retrieved from localities near the vent. Developmental stages (nauplii and copepodids) were exposed to various concentrations of HV effluents in a static renewal culture system. In the survivorship experiments, we tested 3 distinct developmental phases in HV effluent dilutions from 50% to 1%. The HV effluents considerably reduced the survivorship of the naupliar stages at concentrations of >1% (P < 0.05); all nauplii died at concentrations of 25% and 50%. The copepodids were considerably affected at concentrations of >1% in Tisbe sp. (P < 0.05), and no copepodid survived at 50% (P < 0.01). The adult females died at a 50% concentration in Tisbe sp. The developmental duration was not considerably affected in the naupliar or copepodid phases; however, it exhibited a trend of developmental delay. The naupliar development of Tisbe sp. was substantially delayed at a concentration of 10% (P < 0.01), whereas copepodids and adults only exhibited a trend of delayed development with increasing HV concentration. The endpoint mortality exhibited a greater sensitivity to chemical exposure than the endpoint development time. The early developmental stages of Tisbe sp. in both traits were more sensitive to HV effluents than advanced stages. Mortality was a useful toxicological endpoint compared that of developmental duration. We demonstrated that Tisbe sp. may be used in the monitoring of acute and life cycle effects of natural marine pollution caused by HV effluents.

A Dichotomous Key For The Identification Of Nine Salmonids Of The Inland Northwest Using Six Diagnostic Skull Bones : And Associated Equations To Estimate Total Length And Weight From Bones Ingested By Piscivores Or Found In Archeological Sites, Aaron G. Stroud, Allan T. Scholz, Fisheries Research Center (Cheney, Wash.)

Biology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Marine Heat Wave Off Western Australia During The Summer Of 2010/11 – 2 Years On, Nick Caputi, Gary Jackson, Alan Pearce

Fisheries Research Reports

This second workshop on the ‘Marine heat wave - 2 years on’ was held on 11 March 2013 about two years after the original event in the summer of 2010/11. The first workshop focused on the oceanographic conditions associated with the event as well as the short-term effects such as fish kill and southerly range extension of a number of tropical fish species. The second workshop concentrated on the oceanographic conditions since the workshop and the longer-term (2 years) effect on fisheries and the marine environment.

Fisheries Research Report No. 244 - Independent Observations Of Catches And Subsurface Mitigation Efficiencies Of Modified Trawl Nets For Endangered, Threatened And Protected Megafauna Bycatch In The Pilbara Fish Trawl Fishery, Corey B. Wakefield, Stuart Blight, Adrian W. Thomson, Clinton Syers, Shane O'Donoghue

Fisheries Research Reports

Mitigation of endangered, threatened and protected (ETP) species is a challenge in many commercial fisheries globally and independent observer programs are often implemented to determine accurate estimates of interaction rates. However, interactions with ETP species may be extremely rare requiring very high and therefore costly levels of observer coverage to provide adequate statistical rigor for such programs.

Biological Synopsis Of Australian Herring (Arripis Georgianus), Kimberley A. Smith, Joshua Brown

Fisheries Research Reports

Arripis georgianus (‘Australian herring’) is targeted by commercial and recreational fishers in Western Australia (WA) and South Australia (SA). Historically, A. georgianus has been the most commonly retained species of finfish taken by shore- and boat-based recreational fishers in the West Coast Bioregion (WCB) and South Coast Bioregion (SCB) (Smith et al. 2013a) (Fig. 1). The species is harvested by several commercial fisheries which use shore-based netting methods (beach seine, haul and gill nets). Historically, the vast majority of the commercial fishery catch has been taken by the herring ‘trap net’ fishery which operates on various beaches near Albany (SCB).

Temperature, Hypoxia, And Mycobacteriosis: Effects On Adult Striped Bass Morone Saxatilis Metabolic Performance, Dominique Lapointe, Wolfgang K. Vogelbein, Mary C. Fabrizio, David T. Gauthier, Richard W. Brill

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Mycobacteriosis, a chronic bacterial disease of fishes, is prevalent in adult striped bass from Chesapeake Bay (USA). Although environmental factors may play a role in disease expression, the interaction between the disease and environmental stress remains unexplored. We therefore examined the individual and interactive effects of elevated temperature, hypoxia, and mycobacteriosis on the metabolism of wild-caught adult striped bass from Chesapeake Bay using respirometry. Because the spleen is the primary target organ of mycobacteriosis in striped bass, we hypothesized that the disease interferes with the ability of fish to increase their hemato crit in the face of increasing oxygen demands. …

Magnitude Of The Freshwater Turtle Exports From The Us: Long Term Trends And Early Effects Of Newly Implemented Harvest Management Regimes., Ivana Mali, Michael W. Vandewege, Scott K. Davis, Michael R.J. Forstner

CALS Publications

Unregulated commercial harvest remains a major threat for turtles across the globe. Due to continuing demand from Asian markets, a significant number of turtles are exported from the United States of America (US). Beginning in 2007, several southeastern states in the US implemented restrictions on the commercial harvest of turtles, in order to address the unsustainable take. We have summarized freshwater turtle exports from the US between 2002 and 2012 and demonstrated that the magnitude of turtle exports from the US remained high although the exports decreased throughout the decade. Louisiana and California were the major exporters. The majority of …

An Illustrated Id Guide To The Crayfishes Found In Nebraska Native And Non-Native, Steve Schainost

Nebraska Invasive Species Program

There are five crayfishes native to Nebraska. These are:

Orconectes immunis (papershell crayfish)

Orconectes virilis (northern crayfish)

Orconectes neglectus neglectus (ringed crayfish)

Cambarus diogenes (Devil crayfish)

Procambarus gracilis (prairie crayfish)

Three additional non-native crayfishes have also been found here:

Orconectes rusticus (rusty crayfish) [bait tanks and established in two ponds in Omaha]

Procambarus clarkii (red swamp crayfish) [bait tanks]

Procambarus acutus (White River crayfish) [bait tanks]

I will attempt here to provide a photographic guide to field identification, one species per page.

Subthreshold Toxic Effects Of Atrazine And Three Degradates On Behavior In Procambarus Clarkii, Carol B. Starkey

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Atrazine is among the most heavily applied pesticides worldwide, and recent evidence suggests that it may be unsafe at environmental levels. It is a known endocrine disruptor and a suggested neurotoxin. The US EPA Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) is 3 μg/L for human ingestion and 200 μg/L for limited human exposure. Several environmentally persistent degradates have been identified, including deethylatrazine (DEA), deisopropylatrazine (DIA) and hydroxyatrazine (HA). No MCLs have been established for these degradates, although some are suggested toxins. Thus, there remains concern for the risk associated with the presence of atrazine and its degradates in the environment. Currently little …

The Natural Life History Of Cambarus (Puncticambarus) Smilax, The Greenbrier Crayfish, Paul William Hughes

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The natural life history of Cambarus (Puncticambarus) smilax, the Greenbrier Crayfish, was studied in West Fork of the Greenbrier River and in Thorny Creek, a tributary of the main stem of the Greenbrier River. The Greenbrier Crayfish gets its name from the Greenbrier River watershed where it is thought to occur exclusively. Among described members of the subgenus Puncticambarus, C. smilax is a sister taxon most similar to Cambarus (Puncticambarus) robustus. Monthly collections were made within the two study sites, from August 2010 to July 2011. Collecting techniques included dip-netting, seine-netting, and hand collecting. Cambarus smilax and all other species …

Integrating Societal Perspectives And Values For Improved Stewardship Of A Coastal Ecosystem Engineer, Steven B. Scyphers, J. Steven Picou, Robert D. Brumbaugh, Sean P. Powers

University Faculty and Staff Publications

Oyster reefs provide coastal societies with a vast array of ecosystem services, but are also destructively harvested as an economically and culturally important fishery resource, exemplifying a complex social-ecological system (SES). Historically, societal demand for oysters has led to destructive and unsustainable levels of harvest, which coupled with multiple other stressors has placed oyster reefs among the most globally imperiled coastal habitats. However, more recent studies have demonstrated that large-scale restoration is possible and that healthy oyster populations can be sustained with effective governance and stewardship. However, both of these require significant societal support or financial investment. In our study, …

Reduction Of The Pectoral Spine And Girdle In Domesticated Channel Catfish Is Likely Caused By Changes In Selection Pressure, Michael L. Fine

Biology Publications

Locked pectoral spines of the Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus more than double the fish's width and complicate ingestion by gape-limited predators. The spine mates with the pectoral girdle, a robust structure that anchors the spine. This study demonstrates that both spine and girdle exhibit negative allometric growth and that pectoral spines and girdles are lighter in domesticated than in wild Channel Catfish. This finding could be explained by changes in selection pressure for spine growth during domestication or by an epigenetic effect in which exposure to predators in wild fish stimulates pectoral growth. We tested the epigenetic hypothesis by exposing …

Evaluation Of Grain Distillers Dried Yeast As A Fish Meal Substitute In Practical-Type Diets Of Juvenile Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus Mykiss, Blake S. Hauptman, Frederic T. Barrows, Stephanie S. Block, T. Gibson Gaylord, John A. Paterson, Steven D. Rawles, Wendy M. Sealy

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Grain distillers dried yeast (GDDY) is a single-cell protein obtained as a co-product during the production of fuel ethanol thatmay have potential as a protein replacement for rainbowtrout. The goal of this studywas to examine the suitability of GDDY as a replacement for fish meal on a digestible protein basis in rainbow trout diets. An in-vivo digestibility study was performed to determine the nutrient availability of GDDY. Subsequently, a control diet containing 42% digestible protein and 20% lipidwas formulated to replace fish meal proteinwith GDDY protein at eight different levels (0, 25, 37.5, 50, 62.5, 75, 87.5, and 100%). Diets …

Fishes Of Eastern Washington: A Natural History, Volume 1, Allan T. Scholz, Tyler Basler, Josh Smith, Judy Mcmillan, Larry Conboy, Eastern Washington University. Department Of Biology., Eastern Washington University. University Graphics.

Biology Faculty Publications

Volume 1 of 4.

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION, CHAPTER 2: CHECKLISTS OF EXTANT AND FOSSIL FISHES FOUND IN EASTERN WASHINGTON, CHAPTER 3: THE DISCOVERERS, CHAPTER 4: GEOLOGY, CHAPTER 5: COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HYDROLOGY AND FISH DISTRIBUTION IN EASTERN WASHINGTON

Fishes Of Eastern Washington: A Natural History, Volume 2, Allan T. Scholz, Tyler Basler, Josh Smith, Judy Mcmillan, Larry Conboy, Eastern Washington University. Department Of Biology., Eastern Washington University. University Graphics.

Biology Faculty Publications

Volume 2 of 4.

CHAPTER 6: KEY TO FAMILIES OF EASTERN WASHINGTON FISHES, CHAPTER 7: FAMILY PETROMYZONTIDAE: LAMPREYS, CHAPTER 8: FAMILY ACIPENSERIDAE: STURGEON, CHAPTER 9: FAMILY CLUPEIDAE: HERRINGS, CHAPTER 10: FAMILY CYPRINIDAE: CARPS AND MINNOWS, CHAPTER 11: Family Catostomidae: Suckers, CHAPTER 12: FAMILY ICTALURIDAE: BULLHEAD CATFISHES, CHAPTER 13: Family Esocidae: Pikes

Fishes Of Eastern Washington: A Natural History, Volume 3, Allan T. Scholz, Josh Smith, Amanda Maifeld, Judy Mcmillan, Larry Conboy, Eastern Washington University. Department Of Biology., Eastern Washington University. University Graphics.

Biology Faculty Publications

Volume 3 of 4.

CHAPTER 14: FAMILY SALMONIDAE: SALMON, TROUT, CHARR, WHITEFISH AND GRAYLINGS, CHAPTER 15: FAMILY SALMONIDAE (SUBFAMILY COREGONINAE): WHITEFISH, CHAPTER 16: FAMILY SALMONIDAE (SUBFAMILY MONINAE): SALMON, TROUT AND CHARR, CHAPTER 17: FAMILY SALMONIDAE (SUBFAMILY THYMALLINAE): GRAYLINGS