Modernization In Plant Breeding Approaches For Improving Biotic Stress Resistance In Crop Plants,
2015
TÜBİTAK
Modernization In Plant Breeding Approaches For Improving Biotic Stress Resistance In Crop Plants, Babar Hussain
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Biotic stresses are a potential threat to global food security. The origin of new pathogens and insect races due to climatic andgenetic factors is a major challenge for plant breeders in breeding biotic stress resistant crops. Yield losses due to biotic stresses haveresulted in 800 million people underfed in the world. Reduced yield due to biotic stresses and increasing food demand put internationalfood security at risk as 70% more food will be required in 2050. This review describes and compares the conventional and moleculargenetics methods being used for breeding biotic stress resistant crops. In the past, classical breeding approaches like …
Insect-Resistant Transgenic Crops: Retrospect And Challenges,
2015
TÜBİTAK
Insect-Resistant Transgenic Crops: Retrospect And Challenges, Allah Bakhsh, Saber Delpasand Khabbazi, Faheem Shahzad Baloch, Ufuk Demi̇rel, Mehmet Emi̇n Çalişkan, Rüştü Hati̇poğlu, Sebahatti̇n Özcan, Hakan Özkan
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The advent of genetic engineering has revolutionized agriculture remarkably with the development of superior insect-resistantcrop varieties harboring resistance against insect pests.Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has been used as a main source for insect-resistantgenes. In addition to Bt endotoxins, various plant lectins and other non-Bt genes from different sources have also been introduced incrop plants of economic importance. The insect-resistant crops have made a huge economic impact worldwide since their commercialrelease. The cultivation of insect-resistant cultivars has resulted both in increased crop productivity and in decreased environmentalpollution. Although insect-resistant crops have been allowed to be commercialized following proper biosafety guidelines and procedures,still …
Apomixis: New Horizons In Plant Breeding,
2015
TÜBİTAK
Apomixis: New Horizons In Plant Breeding, Nejdet Kandemi̇r, İbrahi̇m Saygili
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Apomixis is seed formation without fertilization, commonly observed in wild plant species. It has the advantages of clonal reproduction and propagation by seeds. Although it has a complex inheritance, genes controlling apomictic reproduction are being identified. Transfer of apomixis to crop species through wide crosses has not been successful so far, but transgenic technology offers a more powerful way to introgress apomixis into crop species. When crop species acquire this trait, superior genotypes, including hybrids, will be fixed and seeds will be multiplied without segregation of superior gene combinations. In addition, it will make hybrid production possible in all crops, …
Modification Of Centromere Structure: A Promising Approach For Haploid Line Production In Plant Breeding,
2015
TÜBİTAK
Modification Of Centromere Structure: A Promising Approach For Haploid Line Production In Plant Breeding, Ahmet Lati̇f Tek, Robert M. Stupar, Kiyotaka Nagaki
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Breeding based on doubled-haploid approaches has recently become a common tool for accelerating crop improvement in many plant species. However, many plant species do not have a reliable method for haploid induction. A promising new approach involving centromere engineering has recently been proposed to overcome this limitation. Here we provide a perspective of this novel method for the production of haploid plants, which was originally described in the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana. Centromeres, known to be critical for the accurate distribution of chromosomes in every cell division, have now become a novel target for crop improvement by enabling doubled-haploid …
Investigation Of Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne Spp.) Resistance In Almond Rootstocks With Dna Markers,
2015
TÜBİTAK
Investigation Of Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne Spp.) Resistance In Almond Rootstocks With Dna Markers, Sultan Bay Türkoğlu, Nergi̇z Çoban, Ali̇ Özkan, Hali̇t Seyfetti̇n Atli, Canan Can
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Seven almond varieties, Ferragnes, Nemaguard, AB3 (Amygdalus orientalis Mill.), GN22, GF677, Myrobalan(Prunus cerasifera),and Pissardi nigra, and F1 crossbreed almonds, Ferragnes × Pissardi nigra, Ferragnes × Myrobalan, Ferragnes × GN22, Nemaguard × GF677, Myrobalan × AB3 (Prunus dulcis Mill.), Myrobalan × Ferragnes, Pissardi nigra × AB3, and GF677 × Myrobalan, were used to determine resistance against root-knot nematode (RKN) (Meloidogyne spp.) using DNA markers. Parental lines and 316 F1 plants were tested with SSR (plgms8, plgms9, and plgms19) and STS (STS-OPS14a, STS-834b) markers. It was found that plgms19 exhibited 76%, 77.01%, 73.13%, and 86.6% inheritance of resistance in the Ferragnes × …
Spectral Reflectance Indices As A Rapid And Nondestructive Phenotyping Tool For Estimating Different Morphophysiological Traits Of Contrasting Spring Wheat Germplasms Under Arid Conditions, Salah El-Hendawy, Nasser Al-Suhaibani, Abd El-Azeem Salem, Shafiq Ur Rehman, Urs Schmidhalter
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The aim of this study was to investigate whether spectral reflectance indices could be used to estimate different destructive morphophysiological traits of a wide and diverse range of spring wheat germplasm in a rapid and nondestructive manner. A total of 90 spring wheat germoplasms were evaluated under water shortage by applying only three irrigations during the growing cycle of germplasm with the amount of water totaling 2550 m3 ha-1. Ten selected spectral reflectance indices were related to the green leaf number per plant, green leaf area per plant, total dry weight per plant (TDW), grain yield per hectare (GY), leaf …
Induction Of Haploid Plants In Iris (Iris Pseudacorus) By Pollen Irradiation,
2015
TÜBİTAK
Induction Of Haploid Plants In Iris (Iris Pseudacorus) By Pollen Irradiation, Mohammad Sadat Hosseini Grouh, Naeimeh Sousaraei, Mohammad Akbari, Vahid Rahimi, Hamidreza Bayat
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
This is the first report of successful regeneration of haploid lines in iris (Iris pseudacorus) developed by in situ parthenogenesis followed by embryo rescue. Native genotypes of I. pseudacorus (2n = 38) were prepared as female parents and I. spuria was set as the males. Anthers collected from the pollen donor were irradiated by X-ray with doses of 0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 Gy in 2012. A second round of experiments was conducted in 2013 with 300 and 400 Gy. The ovaries from each pollinated flower were collected and cultured and the produced plantlets were then acclimatized. Chromosome counting …
Evaluation Of The Impact Of Changes In Commodity Income Support Measures Included In The Agricultural Act Of 2014 On Equitable Louisiana Rice Production Rental Arrangements,
2015
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Evaluation Of The Impact Of Changes In Commodity Income Support Measures Included In The Agricultural Act Of 2014 On Equitable Louisiana Rice Production Rental Arrangements, Abdallahi Ould Abderrahmane
LSU Master's Theses
ABSTRACT This research uses a Simetar simulation technique to evaluate the effect of the adoption of the Price Loss Coverage program included in the 2014 Agricultural Act on Louisiana’s rice equitable rental arrangement choices. Two scenarios are examined: one in which prices of the last three years are detrended and a second one in which they are not detrended. Each scenario includes six rental arrangements (Cash rent, Fixed Price, Fixed Yield, 60/40, 70/30, 80/20) and each rental arrangement has four adjustments (base, price trigger, yield trigger, and price and yield trigger). Three different risk measure analysis were conducted: Mean-Variance, Value …
Fall Seed Guide 2015,
2015
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Fall Seed Guide 2015, Teshome Regassa, P. Stephen Baenziger, Stephen N. Wegulo, Greg Kruger, Dipak K. Santra
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Crops included in this guide are winter wheat, winter barley, and triticale. You may receive this guide in the mail or through the University of Nebraska Extension network. The data and other information this guide is can be found at our web site: http://cropwatch.unl.edu/varietytest/ and http://www.unl.edu/ncia. Additional information is available at the wheat variety virtual tour web site http://cropwatch.unl.edu/wheat/virtual or the winter wheat variety selection tool page http:// citnews.unl.edu/winter_wheat_tool/index.shtml. The last season was hard on Nebraska winter wheat. Emergence was poor in the west due to dry conditions. On the other hand, some plots in the east had to be …
Model And Sensor-Based Recommendation Approaches
For In-Season Nitrogen Management In Corn,
2015
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Model And Sensor-Based Recommendation Approaches For In-Season Nitrogen Management In Corn, L. J. Thompson, R. B. Ferguson, N. Kitchen, D. W. Frazen, M. Mamo, H. Yang, J. S. Schepers
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Nitrogen management for corn (Zea mays L.) may be improved by applying a portion of N in-season. This investigation was conducted to evaluate crop modeling (Maize-N) and active crop canopy sensing approaches for recommending in-season N fertilizer rates. These approaches were evaluated during 2012–2013 on 11 field sites, in Missouri, Nebraska, and North Dakota. Nitrogen management also included a no-N treatment (check) and a non-limiting N reference (all at planting). Nitrogen management treatments were assessed for two hybrids and at low and high seeding rates, arranged in a randomized complete block design. In 9 of 11 site-years, the sensor-based …
Estimating Desirable Cattle Traits Using Latent Class And Mixed Logit Models: A Choice Modeling Application To The U.S. Grass-Fed Beef Industry,
2015
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Estimating Desirable Cattle Traits Using Latent Class And Mixed Logit Models: A Choice Modeling Application To The U.S. Grass-Fed Beef Industry, Isaac Sitienei
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This study examines the preferences for cattle traits using mixed logit and latent class models. Choice experiment data from a 2013 mail survey of 1,052 U.S. grass-fed beef producers were used. The findings indicate that grass-fed beef producers generally preferred lower-priced, heavy animals that were small-to-medium framed and easy to handle for grass-finishing. Black animals that were retained from their own calves were preferred. Relative to intact males, steers and heifers were preferred. Except for the estimated parameter for the weight attribute, the standard deviations for the temperament, body frame, source, color, gender, and price attribute levels were significant at …
A Market-Based Approach For Valuing Ecosystem Services On Coastal Properties,
2015
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
A Market-Based Approach For Valuing Ecosystem Services On Coastal Properties, Michelle A. Savolainen
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
As part of ongoing efforts to assess ecosystem services provided by wetlands, this research focuses on estimating the private monetary value of wetland services to residential property owners in Louisiana and Alabama using a hedonic price model. Understanding that tradeoffs must be made with limited resources, valuing ecosystem services is important for policy and decision making purposes, such as determining how much public and private financial resources should be put towards wetland maintenance and restoration. Data on property transactions, wetland coverage, and built infrastructure were collected for the analysis. Based on theory and results from a Box-Cox model, the log-linear …
Evaluating Commodity Farm Program Selection And Economic Return Variability On Representative Farms In The Mississippi River Delta Region Using A Risk Return Framework,
2015
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Evaluating Commodity Farm Program Selection And Economic Return Variability On Representative Farms In The Mississippi River Delta Region Using A Risk Return Framework, Michael Anthony Deliberto
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The Agricultural Act of 2014, signed February 7, 2014, introduces a new era of federal support in the production of major agricultural commodities in the United States for the 2014 through 2018 crop years. The ultimate result of the Act was a 954-page piece of legislation that represented market-oriented policies such as the creation of an area-wide shallow loss revenue support program for covered commodities and a greater reliance on crop insurance products offered as a suite of risk management tools available to producers. The impact that this law has on agricultural producers in the Mississippi River delta region of …
Agricultural Policy, Off-Farm Income, And Farmland Values: The Case Of South Korea,
2015
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Agricultural Policy, Off-Farm Income, And Farmland Values: The Case Of South Korea, Hyunjeong Joo
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Farmland plays a dual role for farm business households; it can be both a production cost and an asset. As a production cost, farmland affects farm production decisions. As an asset, farmland comprises 80% of the total farm households’ assets. The total land available for farming is decreasing due to non-farming demand for land. The primary goal of this dissertation is to examine the impact of farm household income on farmland values. Specifically, I will assess the impact of off-farm income and government subsidies on farmland values in South Korean farm households. The majority of the studies on off-farm income, …
Three Essays On Land Ownership, Gender, And Agricultural Productivity In The Case Of Developing Countries,
2015
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Three Essays On Land Ownership, Gender, And Agricultural Productivity In The Case Of Developing Countries, Krishna H. Koirala
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This dissertation set out to evaluate the impact of land ownership and role of gender to the Filipino farmers and to investigate gender difference in agricultural productivity and technical efficiency of Malawian rural households. The first essay investigates the impact of land ownership on the productivity and technical efficiency of rice farmers in the Philippines. We use a 2007-2012 Loop Survey from the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and analyzed it by using a stochastic frontier function method. Results show that land ownership has a significant impact on technical efficiency. In particular, counter to the theory, the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform …
Three Essays On Economic Analysis Of Production Systems Of U.S. Grass-Fed Beef Industry,
2015
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Three Essays On Economic Analysis Of Production Systems Of U.S. Grass-Fed Beef Industry, Basu Deb Bhandari
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This dissertation research consists of three essays. The first two studies analyze experimental research data based on three pasture systems for grass-fed beef (GFB) production in the Gulf Coast Region. System 1 included bermudagrass and ryegrass; System 2 included bermudagrass, ryegrass, rye, dallisgrass, and clover mixtures (red, white, and berseem clovers); and System 3 included bermudagrass, soybean, sorghum sudan hybrid, ryegrass, rye, dallisgrass, and clover mixtures (red, white, and berseem clovers). Fifty-four Fall-born steers were weaned in May and grouped into nine groups and randomly blocked into treatments and replicates. Inputs and output data were recorded on a daily basis. …
Essays On The Effect Of Trade Facilitation On Bilateral Agricultural Trade,
2015
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Essays On The Effect Of Trade Facilitation On Bilateral Agricultural Trade, Trina Biswas
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This dissertation offers three independent studies that each contributes to the literature on trade facilitation. The papers are built on the gravity model framework where the relationship between trade facilitation variables and the volume of agricultural exports across the border are examined. To deal with the issue of endogeneity, instrumental variable regression is used. The study also corrects for sample-selection bias present in the trade data. The first paper examines the role of e-governance on bilateral agricultural trade. The study finds that better quality of e-governance promotes agricultural exports. Specifically, according to the findings of the paper, the quality of …
Three Essays On Food Demand, Land Use Intensity, And Food Crop Portfolio Choice Under Weather Risk,
2015
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Three Essays On Food Demand, Land Use Intensity, And Food Crop Portfolio Choice Under Weather Risk, Aditya Raj Khanal
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Food security and adaptation to climate change has been an important research and development agenda in most of the development organizations and in the national policy of developing countries. The most vulnerable population from climate change and food security problems are rural and agricultural households in the developing and low income countries. Weather and climatic factors and food security has a direct link with poverty because a large majority of poor live in rural areas and depend on agriculture for their livelihoods. The primary focus of this dissertation is to analyze consumption and production aspects of the rural agricultural households. …
Collaboration Among Stakeholders: Key To The Organic Agriculture Movement In Negros Occidental,
2015
University of the Philippines Los Baños
Collaboration Among Stakeholders: Key To The Organic Agriculture Movement In Negros Occidental, Andrew D. Gasmen, Rowena Dt. Baconguis
Journal of Public Affairs and Development
The organic agriculture movement in Negros Occidental can be traced back in the 1970s through the advocacy of the civil society. The movement received significant push when the local government issued policies and formulated programs that supported organic agriculture, and further, when the private sector supported the marketing of the produce. This paper explores collaboration among organic practitioners, government agencies, and the private sector as well as their interactions that significantly advanced organic agriculture. The research is an intrinsic case study as it investigates organic agriculture through in-depth data collection involving multiple sources of information. Results show patterns of interaction …
Double Difference Approach To Impact Evaluation: Case Of The Effects Of The Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (Carp) On Poverty,
2015
University of the Philippines Los Baños
Double Difference Approach To Impact Evaluation: Case Of The Effects Of The Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (Carp) On Poverty, Prudenciano U. Gordoncillo
Journal of Public Affairs and Development
The Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program of the Philippines has been one of the major programs of the government since its implementation in 1988. Over the years, a considerable amount of financial resources has been spent for the program that an impact evaluation is merited. Studies have established the impact of the program on some outcome variables like income and poverty. However, the studies done were limited to either a temporal comparison between the period before and after the program or a comparison between the beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of the program. This study explored the double difference approach to verify the …
