Science and Technology Studies Commons^™

Lun Bawang Beads, Heidi Munan

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

The Lun Bawang and related peoples of east Sarawak, west Sabah and Brunei have a long tradition of using beads for personal ornamentation and as value objects. They share in the general Borneo bead heritage, but follow their own tastes and fashions. Some Lun Bawang have started reproducing their favorite opaque beads from clay to sell as well as to wear on informal occasions. This new cottage industry brings a satisfactory income to the beadmakers, and helps to preserve their heirloom property.

So Far (Schematically) Yet So Near (Semantically), Amit P. Sheth, Vipul Kashyap

Kno.e.sis Publications

In a multidatabase system, schematic conflicts between two objects are usually of interest only when the objects have some semantic affinity. In this paper we try to reconcile the two perspectives. We first define the concept of semantic proximity and provide a semantic taxonomy. We then enumerate and classify the schematic and data conflicts. We discuss possible semantic similarities between two objects that have various types of schematic and data conflicts. Issues of uncertain information and inconsistent information are also addressed.

Application Of Finite Element Analysis (Fea) To Fiber-Reinforced Composite Of Recycled High Density Polyethelene, Susan X. Shao

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Beads: Journal Of The Society Of Bead Researchers - Volume 5 (Complete)

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

No abstract provided.

The A Speo Method Of Heat Rounding Drawn Glass Beads And Its Archaeological Manifestations, Karlis Karklins

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

From at least the early 17th century to the latter part of the 18th century, drawn glass beads over about 4 mm in diameter were generally rounded in European glasshouses using a method called a speo by the Italians who apparently invented it. The little-known process involved mounting a number of tube segments on the tines of a multi-pronged iron implement which was then inserted in a furnace and turned until the tubes were rounded to the desired degree. Beads produced in this manner often exhibit distinctive characteristics and are easily identified in archaeological collections.

Gold-Glass Beads: A Review Of The Evidence, Maud Spaer

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

The study of gold-glass beads was given a considerable boost in the 1970s by Weinberg's report on their manufacture in Hellenistic Rhodes and by Alekseeva' s and Boon's studies on finds from southern Russia and Britain, respectively. Nothing comparable has been published in the intervening years, but scattered new information has appeared. This paper aims to survey and review the available data on manufacturing technique, style, provenience and chronology. An attempt is also made to fit gold-glass beads into the general framework of glass history. The main focus is on the finds of the Mediterranean and related regions in pre-Islamic …

On Transactional Workflows, Amit P. Sheth, Marek Rusinkiewicz

Kno.e.sis Publications

The basic transaction model has evolved over time to incorporate more complex transactions structures and to take the advantage of semantics of higher-level operations that cannot be seen at the level of page reads and writes. Well known examples of such extended transaction models include nested and multi-level transactions. A number of relaxed transaction models have been defined in the last several years that permit a controlled relaxation of the transaction isolation and atomicity to better match the requirements of various database applications. Correctness criteria other than global serializability have also been proposed. Several examples of extended/relaxed transaction models are …

Abduction In Annotated Logic Programming, Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan

Kno.e.sis Publications

The author investigates techniques to make the logic programming paradigm more expressive for knowledge representation, while simultaneously retaining the computational advantages of efficiency and simplicity. He extends the annotated language of K. Thirunarayan and K. Kifer (1989) in various directions to obtain an enriched representation language. In particular, rule bodies are permitted to be a conjunction of literals, and the rules to be recursive. A class of annotated logic programs called the stratified programs is identified which can be given a unique supported minimal Herbrand model as their meaning. Abductive reasoning is integrated into this annotated logic framework. The notion …

Using Flexible Transactions To Support Multisystem Telecommunication Applications, Mansoor Ansari, Linda Ness, Marek Rusinkiewicz, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

Service order provisioning is an important telecommunication application that automates the process of providing telephone services in response to the customer requests. It is an example of a multi-system application that requires access to multiple, independently developed application systems and their databases. In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of a prototype system1 that supports the execution of the Flexible Transactions and its use to develop the service order provisioning application. We argue that such approach may be used to support the development of multi-system, flow-through processing applications in a systematic and organized manner. Its advantages include fast …

Algorithms For Structural Schema Integration, James Geller, Ashish Mehra, Yehoshua Perl, Erich Neuhold, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

Current view and schema integration methodologies are driven by semantic considerations, and allow integration of objects only if that is valid from semantic and structural viewpoints. We had introduced a new integration technique called structural integration. It permits integration of objects that have structural similarities, even if they differ semantically. This technique uses the object-oriented Dual Model which separates the representation of structure and semantics.

In this paper we introduce algorithms for structural integration. We apply these algorithms to integrate two views of a large university database schema which had significant structural similarities but differed semantically.

"Who Is A Scientist?": Effects Of An Intervention To Change Students' Ideas About Science And Scientists, Lauren A. Foley

Critical and Creative Thinking Capstones Collection

Advocates for improving science literacy have focused much attention on the negative impressions about science and scientists held by many Americans. The image of scientists as 'nerdy' bespectacled men in laboratories has been related by some researchers to people's lack of interest in pursuing science. This thesis analyzes one component of a program aimed at changing that stereotype. The Science-By-Mail (tm) program at the Museum of Science in Boston was designed to give students a more inclusive image of scientists. Central to the program was the creation of pen-pal relationships between students in grades 4-9 with scientists who did not …

Front Matter

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

No abstract provided.

Captions And Color Plates (V.4, 1992)

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

No abstract provided.

Beads: Journal Of The Society Of Bead Researchers - Volume 4 (Complete)

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

No abstract provided.

Book Reviews And End Matter

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

Moss and Scherer: The New Beadwork reviewed by Olive R. Jones

Karklins: Trade Ornament Usage Among the Native Peoples of Canada: A Source Book reviewed by Olga Klimko

Camps-Fabrer: Bijoux berbères d'Algérie reviewed by Marie-José Opper

Kurinsky: The Glassmakers: An Odyssey of the Jews, The First Three Thousand Years reviewed by Peter Francis, Jr.

Brill and Martin: Scientific Research in Early Chinese Glass reviewed by Roderick Sprague

The Beads Of Roman And Post-Medieval Antwerpen, Belgium, Karlis Karklins, Tony Oost

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

Excavations conducted at several sites in Antwerpen, a principal city and seaport on the Schelde River in northern Belgium, have uncovered a small but significant collection of glass beads. These range from a decorated specimen of the Roman period to tubular square- and star-sectioned beads of the 16th-17th centuries. The Post-Medieval specimens, found in the cesspits of merchants' homes, give us an idea of what Antwerpen was exporting during the early part of this period.

On The Date Of The Copper Age In The United States, A. Morlot

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

During the mid-19th century, some scholars believed that the chevron beads found in early Indian graves had been brought to North America by globe-trotting Phoenicians or representatives of some other higher European civilization. A paper on the subject published in 1862 by one of the theory's proponents is reproduced here, along with contemporary descriptions and illustrations of the beads under discussion.

Identifying Beads Used In The 19th-Century Central East Africa Trade, Karlis Karklins

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

A wide variety of glass beads poured into Central East Africa during the second half of the 19th century as explorers, missionaries and others made their way into the uncharted interior. Each kind had a name and value that, much to the chagrin of the travelers and present-day researchers, varied from one region to another. This article synthesizes what historical documentation reveals about some of the more significant beads in the trade with an eye to identifying the actual beads that are represented.

Current Periodicals: Subject Access The Mac Way, Connie Foster

DLTS Faculty Publications

At Western Kentucky University, the Library uses a Macintosh to filter and edit information on current serials to produce a periodicals guide for faculty and students. This tool has proven useful in collections development, reference and serials control within the Library. It has also provided the Library with a means to communicate to the academic community the extent of serials holdings in specific disciplines. Additionally, the Library has used the information within the guide to generate other lists of serials holdings for its patrons.

Executing Multidatabase Transactions, Mansoor Ansari, Marek Rusinkiewicz, Linda Ness, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

In a multidatabase environment, the traditional transaction model has been found to be too restrictive. Therefore, several extended transaction models have been proposed in which some of the requirements of transaction, such as isolation or atomicity, are optional. The authors describe one of such extensions, the flexible transaction model and discuss the scheduling of transactions involving multiple autonomous database systems managed by heterogeneous DBMS.

The scheduling algorithm for flexible transactions is implemented using L.0, a logically parallel language which provides a framework for concisely specifying the multidatabase transactions and for scheduling them. The key aspects of a flexible transaction specification, …

Beads In The Lives Of The Peoples Of Southern Togo, West Africa, Pascale Nourisson

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

Beads are objects of infinite diversity among the Mina-Guen of southern Togo. They accompany the people in all the material and spiritual aspects of their existence. However, while the beads serve such varied functions as ornaments, currency and emblems of wealth and prestige, they find their principal use in voodoo.

Table Of Contents (V.4, 1992)

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

No abstract provided.

The Beads Of Cameroon, Pierre Harter

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

Glass beads have long played an important role in the art and culture of Cameroon, a country situated on the east side of the Gulf of Guinea in West Central Africa. This article reviews the different kinds of drawn and wound glass beads that have found broad acceptance in west-central Cameroon and discusses their diverse applications. Beads of other materials, as well as cowries and buttons, are also dealt with.

Specifying Interdatabase Dependencies In A Multidatabase Environment, Marek Rusinkiewicz, Amit P. Sheth, George Karabatis

Kno.e.sis Publications

The problem of interdatabase dependencies and the effect they have on applications updating interdependent data are addressed. A model that allows specifications of constraints among multiple databases in a declarative fashion is proposed. The separation of the constraints from the application programs facilitates the maintenance of data constraints and allows flexibility in their implementation. It allows investigation of various mechanisms for enforcing the constraints, independently of the application programs. By grouping the constraints together, it is possible to check their completeness and discover possible contradictions among them. The concepts of polytransactions, which use interdatabase dependencies to generate a series of …

On The Relationship Between Parsimonious Covering And Boolean Minimization, Venu Dasigi, Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan

Kno.e.sis Publications

Minimization of Boolean switching functions is a basic problem in the design of logic circuits. The designer first comes up with a switching function expressed in terms of several binary input variables that satisfies the desired functionality, and then attempts to minimize the function as a sum of products or product of sums. It turns out that a sum of products form of a switching function that has no redundancy is a union of prime implicants of the function.

In this paper we would like to explicate some of the relationships of the boolean minimization problem to a formalization of …

The Architecture Of Braid: A System For Bridging Al/Db Systems, Amit P. Sheth, Anthony B. O'Hare

Kno.e.sis Publications

We describe the design of BrAID (a Bridge between Artificial Intelligence and Database Management Systems), an experimental system for the efficient integration of logic based Artificial Intelligence (Al) and database (DB) technologies. Features provided by BrAID include (a) access to conventional DBMSs, (b) support for multiple inferencing strategies, (c) a powerful caching subsystem that manages views and employs subsumption to facilitate the reuse of previously cached data, (d) lazy or eager evaluation of queries submitted by the AI system, and (e) the generation of advice by the AI system to aid in cache management and query execution planning. To discuss …

On Serializability Of Multidatabase Transactions Through Forced Local Conflict, Dimitrios Georgakopoulos, Marek Rusinkiewicz, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

The main difficulty in enforcing global serializability in a multidatabase environment lies in resolving indirect transitive conflicts between multidatabase transactions. Indirect conflicts introduced by local transactions are difficult to resolve because the behavior or even the existence of local transactions is not known to the multidatabase system. To overcome these problems, we propose to incorporate additional data manipulation operations in the subtransactions of each multidatabase transaction. We show that if these operations create direct conflicts between subtransactions at each participating local database system, indirect conflicts can be resolved even if the multidatabase system is not aware of their existence. Based …

Front Matter

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

No abstract provided.

French Beadmaking: An Historic Perspective Emphasizing The 19th And 20th Centuries, Marie-José Opper, Howard Opper

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

Beadmaking in France began in pre-Roman times. It reached its zenith in the 19th and 20th centuries when beads of sundry materials and styles were produced in both artisanal workshops and large factories to decorate a multitude of items and to serve as components of fashion jewelry. This article discusses the different beadmakers and their varied products.

Captions And Color Plates (V.3, 1991)

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

No abstract provided.