School Psychology Commons^™

Praise For Ability Versus Praise For Effort During Continuous Failure, Scott Spaulding

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Recent research suggests that praise for ability may be less effective than praise for effort in influencing performance and interest. C.M. Mueller and C.S. Dweck (1998) suggested further study to examine these variables in real-life settings. Their work has shown that praise for effort increases persistence, performance, interest and other indicators over praise for ability after failure is introduced. This study of 32 fifth graders from a public elementary school further extends this research and examines the effects of praise for ability, praise for effort or no praise while experiencing multiple failures on a task. The results suggest no difference …

The Relationship Between Attention And Memory And School Readiness In West Virginia Preschoolers, Brenda Carol Parker

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The current study investigated the relationship between memory and attention and academic readiness in children between the ages of 2 ½ and 5. Forty-two preschool children were involved in the study and were selected from childcare centers participating in the Educare project in West Virginia. All subjects were tested with the Bracken and the Carolina Curriculum. The Bracken measured the academic readiness and the Carolina Curriculum measured memory and attention levels of the children. The results indicated a positive correlation between memory and attention and academic readiness. The findings supported the position that there is a positive correlation between mastery …

Sense Of Belonging In The School : Impact On Young Adolescents, Diane F. Broderick

Theses : Honours

The transitional nature of adolescence predisposes the adolescent to the effects of evolving biopsychosocial development changes. However, these transitional processes do not occur in isolation in the adolescent. Using a systems approach, this paper examined the issues surrounding adolescents' sense of belonging (SoB) at school. SoB was identified as a means of providing an understanding of belongingness as a linking and stabilising mechanism for adolescents as they successfully negotiate their biopsychosocial changes. SoB at school appears to be positively reflected in the adolescents' peer competencies, student-teacher relationships, motivation and achievement, participation skills, and the ability to relate to the school …

High School Students' Food Choices: A Nutrient Analysis Of Students' Canteen Purchases At Four High Schools, Jenny Kora

Theses : Honours

Links exist between poor eating habits established during childhood and adolescence and the development of dental decay, obesity and anaemia early in life (Ruxton, Kirk, Belton & Holmes, 1993; Douglas, 1999), as well as a number of diseases of affluence, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes and some cancers later in life (Baranowski et al., 1993; Birch, 1993; National Health and Medical Research Council, 1995; Antine, 1997; Harris et al., 1997; Douglas, 1998; Melnik, Rhoades, Wales, Cowel & Wolfe, 1998; Cholin, 1999; Huon, Wardle & Szabo, 1999). Adolescence has been identified as a unique stage in the life cycle when increased amounts …

Patterns Of Parenting In Relation To Adolescent Achievement In Ninth Through Twelfth Grades, Kimberly D. Hofmann

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to explore how the characteristics of parenting change during the adolescents' ninth through twelfth grade years and how these changes effect achievement. In addition, this study explored adolescents' and parents' perceptions of parenting. Subjects were 120 ninth, tenth, eleventh, and twelfth graders recruited from public high schools in the Midwest. Measures of maternal and paternal demandingness, responsiveness, values toward achievement, involvement in schoolwork, and involvement in-school functions, designed for this program of research, were obtained from both adolescents and their parents. Results showed adolescents' reports of maternal parenting significantly predicted their achievement outcomes. Adolescents …

The Effects Of Positive Peer Reporting On Children's Social Involvement, Kristyn B. Moroz

Masters Theses

This investigation examined the effectiveness of positive peer reporting (PPR) on increasing the social involvement behavior and peer acceptance of four socially withdrawn children within a general education setting. PPR is a social skills intervention where children are taught how to publicly praise a target classmate's appropriate behavior. The positive peer reporting procedure was implemented daily by each participant's classroom teacher and its effects were observed during recess using behavioral observations. The results indicated that PPR had no effect on peer status. However, results from the behavioral observations indicated that three of the participants exhibited higher rates of social involvement …

Ratings Of Assessment Procedures By Learning Disabilities Teachers And School Psychologists, Raquel A. Williams

Masters Theses

This study surveyed the perceptions of school psychologists and learning disabilities teachers (LD teachers) on the frequency of use and usefulness of the following assessment procedures: Standardized tests, curriculum based measures (CBMs), classroom observations, interview with general education teachers, and analysis of class assignments for initial placement of a child, instructional planning, and evaluation of student progress. Further, this study investigated how proficient the two groups felt in administering each of the five assessment procedures. Fifty four school psychologists and 32 LD teachers completed the questionnaire. Results indicated that school psychologists and LD teachers agreed on the frequency of use …

Neuropsychological Test Scores In Children With And Without Learning Disabilities, Gerard E. Spiegler

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Fifty-six elementary and secondary school students between the ages of 9 years and 16 years were individually administered the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Third Edition (WISC-III) and the Reading and Mathematics Composite sub scales of the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test (WIAT). Based on a criterion of at least 1.75 standard deviations difference between the highest WISC-III Index score and the lowest WIAT composite score, 27 subjects were assigned to a Learning Disability (LO) group and 29 subjects to a Not LO group (NLD). All even numbered subjects were subsequently administered the same battery of 9 neuropsychological tests in …

The Impact On Team Effectiveness Of Personality Preferences Of Team Members Involved In The Connecticut Early Intervention Project, Nancy Krafcik-Rousseau

Dissertations

Problem. Educators are faced with significant challenges daily as they attempt to meet the diverse needs of students. The establishment of school-based problem solving teams is one approach that supports teachers and students. This study will determine if personality preferences of team members impact the effectiveness of teams involved in the Connecticut Early Intervention Project (EIP). EIP incorporates a team approach providing assistance to requesting classroom teachers who have students experiencing difficulties.

Method. The research design consisted of a comparison of two groups of Connecticut public schools that participated in the Early Intervention Project (EIP) and were trained accordingly. Schools …

An Analysis Of Role Perceptions And Job Satisfaction Of Secondary-School Counselors In Trinidad And Tobago, Hillman St. Brice

Dissertations

Problem. The increasing emphasis on school counseling by the Ministry of Education in Trinidad and Tobago highlights the need to clarify and standardize the role of the counselor in the secondary schools. The satisfaction of these needs can be facilitated by determining the perceptions held by counselors, principals, teachers, and students about the counselor’s role in the school system; by clearly articulating this role; and by identifying the relationships between the counselor’s role and the counselor’s job satisfaction. The burden of this study was to determine these perceptions and relationships.

Method. A descriptive mode of inquiry was used to explore …

The Impact Of The College Experience On The Lives Of Female Single-Parent Students, Elizabeth Darby Watson

Dissertations

Problem. Poverty affects all people groups, but women are systematically poorer than men are. The feminization of poverty aptly defines the plight and consequence of women's poverty. In the United States the current federal mandate requires all able-bodied adults to be gainfully employed. Minimum-wage jobs, for unskilled and untrained workers, do not move poor women and their families out of poverty.

Method. This study used quantitative and qualitative data to explore the impact of the college experience on 56 single parents who had attended a tuition-driven, faith-based college during the 10-year period of 1987-1997. Responses from a mailed questionnaire and …

West Virginia Children's Perceptions Of Guns And Violence : Examining Rural/Urban Differences Using The Attitudes Towards Guns And Violence Questionnair (Agvq), Randal Brooks Staats

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

With the recent acts of violence that students have committed while at school, the media, the public, and researchers have investigated why students are displaying these aggressive and violent behaviors. Why are children displaying these acts of violence (e.g., television, video games, lack of family support, etc.)? With everyone pointing a finger as to why children are displaying these acts of violence, a new measure called the Attitudes Towards Guns and Violence Questionnaire (AGVQ) was developed to determine a student's perceptions towards guns and violence. The purpose of this study was to examine whether a significant difference could be found …

Addressing Peer Mediation : Conflict Resolution In Schools, Amy Junkermeier

Graduate Research Papers

The purpose of this paper is to review existing literature and research on peer mediation ip schools. A critical review is necessary due to the increasing popularity of peer mediation programs despite limited empirical evidence to support their usage. Examining the strengths and weaknesses of previous research is an important part of establishing program effectiveness and overcoming barriers to successful implementation. A critique of the research and implications for future research are also provided.

Depressive Symptoms And Academic Achievement In Fourth Grade Students, Michelle L. Harrison

Masters Theses

The relationships among depressive symptoms, peer acceptance, and academic competence were examined in 43 fourth-grade students using a self-report measure of depression (Children's Depression Inventory); a teacher-rated measure of depression (Behavior Assessment System for Children — Teacher Rating Scale); peer acceptance and peer rejection; and grade point average. Results indicated higher levels of self-reported depression than previously found in children of this age. Correlations between self-reports of depression and peer rejection and self-reports of depression and grade point average were significant. The current study also found a significant positive correlation between the two depression scales (Children's Depression Inventory and Behavior …

The Construct Validity Of The Behavior Assessment System For Children (Basc) And The Preschool And Kindergarten Behavior Scale (Pkbs), Lindsay A. Barton

Masters Theses

The Behavior Assessment System for Children (BASC) and the Preschool and Kindergarten Behavior Scales (PKBS) are two relatively new behavior assessment scales that measure emotional and behavioral problems of children. The BASC is designed to evaluate the behavior and self-perceptions of children aged two and a half to eighteen years old. The PKBS is designed to evaluate social skills and problem behavior patterns of preschool and kindergarten aged children including the ages of three, four, five, and six years old. There are no studies in the empirical literature comparing the preschool form of the BASC and the PKBS behavior rating …

Trends. Social Violence: The Jigsaw Classroom As A Piece Of The Puzzle, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses the "jigsaw technique" developed by social psychologist Elliot Aronson as a partial way of addressing school-related violence.

Trends. When Is A Psychological Profile Not A Psychological Profile? The Fbi And School Violence, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses the difficulties of predicting and preventing school violence. Though the FBI does have a list of "warning signs" by which to evaluate potential perpetrators of lethal school violence, they do not consider this list to be a profile. This is especially true given that no reliable predictors of lethal school violence have been found.

Students' Attitudes Towards Statistics In Medical Research: A Comparison Of Four Health Sciences Programs, James G. Dexter

Psychology ETDs

Driven by a market that is imposing greater scrutiny on health care providers as well as by an explosive increase in health-related research, there is a growing need for an improved understanding of statistical design and analysis among today's students and practitioners in the health sciences. Although most students in the health sciences are required to take an introductory statistics course prior to entering professional programs, little is known about the attitudes those students possess regarding the use of statistics in medical research.

Principals', Guidance Directors', And Department Chairs' Perceptions Of Goals And Effectiveness Of The Trimester Schedules In Indiana High Schools, Robert E. Brower

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this dissertation was to compare high school principals', guidance directors', and department chairs' perceptions of agreement (as clustered from 33 literature-based goals into school benefit, teacher benefit, and student benefit) of a trimester schedule. Secondly, this dissertation compared high school principals', guidance directors', and department chairs' perceptions of agreement (as clustered from 33 literature-based goals into school benefit, teacher benefit, and student benefit) as to whether these 3 3 goals were achieved after one year on a trimester schedule. This study is based on 10 Indiana high schools that were on the trimester schedule for a minimum …

The Teenage Inventory Of Social Skills: A Validation Study, Joshua Myers

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The development and maintenance of adolescent peer relationships has been recognized by researchers as important for healthy current and future psycho-social adjustment. Furthermore, adolescent friendships are developmentally unique and qualitatively different than childhood friendships. The present study examines the validity, reliability and clinical utility of the Teenage Inventory of Social Skills (TISS), a self-report measure of adolescent social/friendship skills. Self-report and teacher/adult ratings on the TISS were compared for 64 participants from a court-ordered, residential treatment program and 51 adolescent participants from a public school-based youth group. While overall results confirmed the clinical utility and psychometric superiority of the TISS, …

Does The Wechsler Intelligence Scale For Children / 3rd Edition Discriminate Between Ld And Non-Ld Children, Ages 9 To 16 Years Old?, Matthew E. Dehmlow

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The primary purpose of this study was to determine whether the Wechsler’s Intelligence Scale for Children / 3^rd Edition (WISC-III) can discriminate between students with learning disabilities (LD students) and students without learning disabilities (non-LD students). Although the WISC-III has established itself as a valuable psychological instrument for measuring intelligence, the subtests of the WISC-IH have been selected to examine possible differentiating patterns when examining a group of LD subjects and comparing their subtest results to a group of non-LD subjects. The current study proposes to examine the capability of the WISC-HI’s subtests to discriminate between a population of …

The Ability Of Trail Making Test Parts A And B For Children And Adolescents To Discriminate Between Learning Disabled Students And Non-Learning Disabled Students, Glorene K. Evilsizor

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The Trail Making Test Parts A and B is a neuropsychological test that has long been thought to be a highly reliable and valid test that is able to discriminate cerebral dysfunction. In the present study, an investigation was completed in order to determine whether or not the Trail Making Test Parts A and B could differentiate learning disabled students from non-learning disabled students in four counties in West Virginia. Fifty-six students ranging from ages 9-16 (mean age 9.9) were involved in the study. The convenience sample consisted of 27 learning disabled students and 29 controls or non-learning disabled students. …

The Effects Of Anxiety Management And Study Skills Training On Test Anxiety In College Students, Karen Carter-Harvey

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

This study measured the effects of anxiety management and study skills training on test anxiety in college students. Twenty-one college students from two sections of Introductory Sociology were involved in the study. The Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI) and exam scores were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the training. Pre-test, post-test, and delayed post-test measures were obtained. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated no significant difference on TAI scores or exam scores between the control and experimental groups. Recommendations for further research are given.

The Benton Visual Retention Test With Ld And Non-Ld Children, 9 Years To 16, Jessica Workman

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the Benton Visual Retention Test (BVRT) can discriminate between learning disabled students and non-learning disabled students. Subjects ranged from ages 9 through 16 in both groups. The control group consisted of 30 subjects with an IQ score of 80 to 120 as measured by the WISC-ID, no history of physical or emotional problems, and scores equivalent with IQ on the achievement test as measured by the WIAT. The LD group consisted of30 subjects which had a I. 75 discrepancy between scores on the WISC-ID and the WIAT. All subjects were given …

The Grooved Pegboard Test With Ld And Non-Ld Children, Aimee H. Earley

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

This study evaluated the effectiveness of the Grooved Pegboard Test (GPT) at identifying learning disabled (LD) children between the ages of 9 and 16. Fifty-six children were involved in the study: 27 in the LD group and 29 in the non-LD group. All subjects had a full scale IQ that fell in the 80 to 120 range. A battery of neurological tests was administered to all subjects and the data gleaned from each test was individually analyzed. Findings showed that the administration of the Grooved Pegboard Test produced statistically significant results in determining LD when subjects used their dominant hand …

The Dcs Visual-Memory Learning Test With Ld And Non-Ld Children Ages 9 To 16 Years Old, David A. Snider

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The primary purpose of this study is to determine whether the DCS Visual Memory Learning Test (DCS) can discriminate between subjects with learning disabilities (LD students) and subjects without learning disabilities (non-LD students). Although the DCS has established itself as a valuable neuro-psychological instrument in Europe ( Lamberti & Weidlich, 1999) over the past twenty years, very little research currently is available on the DCS in the United States, and nearly all of the published research on the DCS is written in German. The current study examined the capability of the DCS to discriminate between a population of 52 LD …

Graduate Bulletin, 2000-2002 (2000), Minnesota State University Moorhead

Graduate Bulletins (Catalogs)

No abstract provided.

The Child Behavior Checklist And Adhd In Children, Angela Samuel

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

This study examined the relationship of parental report of behavior ratings as demonstrated by the Attention Scale of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the diagnosis of ADI-ID. The study was conducted using 50 children who were referred to a summer school program. An Analysis of Variance found gender and ADI-ID diagnosis to be significantly different for Attention Scales of the CBCL. A Chi Square test also found that the CBCL was a significantly better predictor of ADI-ID than the CPT.

The Effects Of Gender And Parental Marital Status On Late Adolescent Risk-Taking, Jeff Daugherty

Masters Theses

Risk taking behavior among the adolescent population has increased in recent years putting America's youth in danger of many detrimental outcomes. Many adolescents currently engage in behaviors that represent health risks as well as those that are potential criminal risk. This study attempted to assess late adolescent risk-taking as a function of gender and parental marital status. Similarly, the self-esteem of late adolescent participants was also measured within the contexts of gender and family status. This study provides partial support for the idea adolescents with divorced parents engage in a significantly greater amount of risk-taking behavior than those with married …

Effects Of Guided Compliance On The Disruptive Behavior Of Two Students Diagnosed With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Nicole L. Weber

Masters Theses

The current study attempted to determine the effects of the environmental manipulations of partial task instruction, whole task instruction, and guided compliance on the disruptive behavior of two students diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The participants included two elementary-aged students diagnosed with ADHD who were referred by their parent or legal guardian to a university-based summer assessment program. A functional analysis established that the disruptive behavior of both participants was motivated by contingent peer attention. Students were exposed to treatment conditions consisting of whole versus partial tasks as well as the guided compliance. While a single subject multi-element …