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Full-Text Articles in Political Science

Evaluating Biodiversity Trends For Improved Implementation Of Global Environmental Policy, Tyler Greathouse, Dr. Gary Bryner Aug 2013

Evaluating Biodiversity Trends For Improved Implementation Of Global Environmental Policy, Tyler Greathouse, Dr. Gary Bryner

Journal of Undergraduate Research

There have been numerous international and national attempts to formulate environmental policies that would effectively curb the potentially debilitating decrease in biological diversity; however, many of these policies have failed to meet their goals. The most recent attempt to conserve biodiversity on the international stage was the 2002 agreement at the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). Agreeing parties pledged to slow biodiversity loss in their own respective countries by 2010. However, follow up studies showed that the 2010 targets will not be met.

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An Issue Of Blood: The Practice Of Secluding Women During Menstruation And Post-Pardum, Rebekah Wightman, Dr. Valerie Hudson Aug 2013

An Issue Of Blood: The Practice Of Secluding Women During Menstruation And Post-Pardum, Rebekah Wightman, Dr. Valerie Hudson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Menstruation is a taboo subject in even the most familiar cultures. Talking menstruation in general is often full of uncomfortable giggles and whispers, but in other not so familiar cultures, menstruation is handled very differently. Seclusion typically means that menstruating women or those who have just given birth must not engage in public activities for the duration of their menses or post-pardum period. For some societies, menstrual huts are created as a place for women to reside outside the village during menstruation. Typically, the women are not allowed to leave the menstrual hut during this period of time and strict …

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Does Ratifying International Treaties Affect Compliance With Sex Trafficking Norms In Countries?, Maren Perkins, Dr. Valerie Hudson Aug 2013

Does Ratifying International Treaties Affect Compliance With Sex Trafficking Norms In Countries?, Maren Perkins, Dr. Valerie Hudson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Sex trafficking is a growing problem worldwide. My research explores two questions: first, are states who sign the United Nations Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children (2000) more likely to comply with anti-sex trafficking norms than countries that do not? Second, if states do comply is it because of societal respect for women’s rights, or because of economic or membership incentives with anti-trafficking entities such as the United States and the European Union? The theory advanced by my research is that ratifying the Protocol, which is a pledge by the country to combat …

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Social Equality Norms For Race, Gender, And Religion In The American Public During The 2008 Presidential Primaries, Scott Riding, Dr. J. Quin Monson Aug 2013

Social Equality Norms For Race, Gender, And Religion In The American Public During The 2008 Presidential Primaries, Scott Riding, Dr. J. Quin Monson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

During the course of last year’s U.S. Presidential Election, many political analysts speculated that racial prejudice among American voters would hurt Democratic nominee Barack Obama in his bid for the White House. Candidates Hillary Clinton and Mitt Romney faced similar questions about gender and religious biases against their campaigns. If these biases exist, their presence runs against the grain of the political ideal — that any qualified candidate should have a fair shot at the highest political office in the country. Our research explores the existence and prevalence of these biases in context of the 2008 Democratic and Republican Presidential …

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What We Want: The Oral Histories Of Low-Caste Indian Widows And How They Navigate Their Surrounding Ideological And Social Context, Suzanne Powell, Dr. Valerie Hudson Aug 2013

What We Want: The Oral Histories Of Low-Caste Indian Widows And How They Navigate Their Surrounding Ideological And Social Context, Suzanne Powell, Dr. Valerie Hudson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

I left on my field study with the goal of learning about the practice of widow abandonment by placing it within the larger social, political, and economic structure of Hindu India. I surmised that widow abandonment was creeping down into the traditionally less-orthodox South India because low caste groups were trying to prove just how Hindu they were – trying to legitimize a move into the upper, more pure high caste ranks. I sought to understand the practice by understanding how women fit into Hindu ideology, how they perceived themselves as a result of living in such a society under …

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The Dynamics Of Intra-Jurisdictional Relations In The Inuit Regions Of The Canadian Arctic: An Institutionalist Perspective, Christopher Alcantara, Gary N. Wilson Aug 2013

The Dynamics Of Intra-Jurisdictional Relations In The Inuit Regions Of The Canadian Arctic: An Institutionalist Perspective, Christopher Alcantara, Gary N. Wilson

Political Science Faculty Publications

One of the most exciting developments in Canadian federalism has been the emergence of Aboriginal self-governing regions. This paper constructs a theoretical framework for exploring the evolution of intra-jurisdictional relations in the self-governing Inuit regions of the Canadian Arctic. Intra-jurisdictional relations in these regions are characterized by a unique set of relationships between elected governments and organizations that represent the beneficiaries of land-claims agreements. Using the literature on historical institutionalism, we argue that the nature of Inuit intra-jurisdictional relations following the establishment of self-government can be explained by the institutional choices made prior to the signing of land-claims agreements and/or …

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You Raise Me Up: The Social Identity Underpinnings Of Campaign Contributions, David Lassen, Dr. David B. Magleby Aug 2013

You Raise Me Up: The Social Identity Underpinnings Of Campaign Contributions, David Lassen, Dr. David B. Magleby

Journal of Undergraduate Research

A record number of individuals financially contributed to presidential candidates during the 2008 election cycle. Many academic researchers and pundits have speculated on why these individuals chose to participate in this manner, often asserting that donors likely anticipated a personal material or policy reward for their support. Others have suggested that social similarities between donor and candidate may have played an important role. Little research exists, however, on the impact that an individual’s affiliation with an “apolitical” social group can have on their contribution decisions. I use the term here to characterize a group whose primary purpose is something other …

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Likely Voters, Low Response Rates, And Little Coverage Error: Advances In Internet Preelection Polling Methodology, Ashley Burton, Dr. Quin Monson Aug 2013

Likely Voters, Low Response Rates, And Little Coverage Error: Advances In Internet Preelection Polling Methodology, Ashley Burton, Dr. Quin Monson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The purpose of my research was to determine if internet preelection surveys administered to a probability proportionate to size (PPS) sample are able to reduce coverage error by including likely voters, even if the response rates are low. This research was conducted during the Utah 3rd District primary election in June 2008 and again in the Utah November 2008 general election. The experimentation was repeated in November to improve the sampling method and to generalize the findings to primary and general elections alike.

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Spiller, Cora Jane (Morningstar), 1928-2020 - Collector (Sc 2762), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives Aug 2013

Spiller, Cora Jane (Morningstar), 1928-2020 - Collector (Sc 2762), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Manuscript Collection Finding Aids

Finding aid for Manuscripts Small Collection 2762. Letter, 30 April 1898, to Colonel Robert Morningstar, Bowling Green, Kentucky, from Walter S. Forrester, Assistant Adjutant General of Kentucky, regarding the possibilities of Kentucky troops seeing combat in the Spanish-American War; letter to Mrs. T. J. Peay and notes of Jane Morningstar regarding Barbre cemetery, Warren County, Kentucky; notes of Elise Dulaney on members of the Covington and Dulaney families of Warren County, Kentucky; printed pamphlet titled “Supplement Mulkey Genealogy.” You may access the Forrester letter about Spanish-American War service by clicking on "Additional Files" below.

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Children And Their Federal Government: Political Socialization In Utah And Alberta, David E. Campbell, Dr. David Magleby, Stan A. Taylor Aug 2013

Children And Their Federal Government: Political Socialization In Utah And Alberta, David E. Campbell, Dr. David Magleby, Stan A. Taylor

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In the 1960s and 1950s, there was a flurry of research into children’s political socialization6what children know, and feel, about their political system and leaders and when they come to know, and feel, it. At the time, political scientists and developmental psychologists concluded that pre-adolescent children have a very positive view of things political. There was a mild resurgence of political socialization research following Watergate as political scientists sought to find out if children’s view of government could be affected by such a high profile scandal. While surveys of children found them with less positive feelings than recorded previously, generally …

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Natcher, William Huston, 1909-1994 (Sc 2761), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives Aug 2013

Natcher, William Huston, 1909-1994 (Sc 2761), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Manuscript Collection Finding Aids

Finding aid only for Manuscripts Small Collection 2761. Condolence letter from U.S. Representative William Huston Natcher to Mrs. Effi Phelps, Bowling Green, Kentucky concerning the loss of her mother.

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Patterns Of Anti-Muslim Violence In Burma: A Call For Accountability And Prevention, Andrea Gittleman, Marissa Brodney, Holly G. Atkinson Aug 2013

Patterns Of Anti-Muslim Violence In Burma: A Call For Accountability And Prevention, Andrea Gittleman, Marissa Brodney, Holly G. Atkinson

Publications and Research

In this report, the authors documents how persecution of and violence against the Rohingya in Burma has spread to other Muslim communities throughout the country. Physicians for Human Rights conducted eight separate investigations in Burma and the surrounding region between 2004 and 2013. PHR’s most recent field research in early 2013 indicates a need for renewed attention to violence against minorities and impunity for such crimes. The findings presented in this report are based on investigations conducted in Burma over two separate visits for a combined 21-day period between March and May 2013.

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Mountain West It Economies: Similar But Disparate? A Multi-Faceted Comparison Of Utah And Colorado Public It Markets, Michael Murff, Dr. Jay Goodliffe Aug 2013

Mountain West It Economies: Similar But Disparate? A Multi-Faceted Comparison Of Utah And Colorado Public It Markets, Michael Murff, Dr. Jay Goodliffe

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Escalating in the mid-1970s, two very similar Mountain West economies augmented a dramatic shift from mining and agriculture toward information technology (IT). Both Utah and Colorado took steps to attract computer and software firms in an effort to diversify and develop IT industries. At first glance, Colorado IT markets appear superior in scale and scope due in part to a more sophisticated professional services infrastructure and far more equity finance. Notwithstanding these apparent disadvantages, public IT firms in Utah consistently demonstrate greater profitability and faster growth rates during the last 10 years. While Colorado tends to specialize in birthing new …

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Maternalism Vs. Militarism: Women’S Nonviolent Resistance To Military Rule, Anne Miner, Dr. Valerie Hudson Aug 2013

Maternalism Vs. Militarism: Women’S Nonviolent Resistance To Military Rule, Anne Miner, Dr. Valerie Hudson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

My analysis of women’s nonviolent resistance focused on two historical case studies. The first was the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo who opposed the military regime of 1977 in Argentina. Their nonviolent resistance began in opposition to the disappearance of family members, particularly their children. These desaparecidos were among approximately 30,000 Argentinians kidnapped, tortured, and murdered in a governmental effort to induce fear and maintain power. The second case was women’s involvement in the nonviolent Philippine Revolution of 1986 opposing the dictatorial rule of President Ferdinand Marcos. Marcos had imposed martial law since 1972. Nonviolent resistance began in response …

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The Effect Of Ethnic And Religious Intolerance On Confidence In The European Union, Andrei Mihai Varney Aug 2013

The Effect Of Ethnic And Religious Intolerance On Confidence In The European Union, Andrei Mihai Varney

Student Theses and Dissertations

This thesis examines attitudes toward ethnic and religious minorities to determine if such attitudes have negative or positive impact on support for the European Union (EU). Using data from four waves of the World Values Survey, several hypotheses regarding the effect of ethnoreligious hostility on confidence in the European Union are tested to determine if those who harbor hostile sentiments toward ethnoreligious minority groups have lower levels of confidence in the EU. Using ordinal logistic regression, I find that those who exhibit hostile attitudes toward ethnoreligious minorities have lower levels of confidence in the EU. Further, it is determined that …

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Garnett, Joseph Fauntleroy, 1901-1973 (Sc 1106), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives Aug 2013

Garnett, Joseph Fauntleroy, 1901-1973 (Sc 1106), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Manuscript Collection Finding Aids

Finding aid and scan (Click on "additional files" below) for Manuscripts Small Collection 1106. Holographic copy of a radio speech, [1934?], delivered by Democrat Joseph Fauntleroy Garnett, Hopkinsville, Kentucky, seeking his party’s nomination as a candidate for the Kentucky state senate representing Christian and Hopkins Counties. Also, another radio speech [1934?], typed with holographic changes. Includes 14 June 1933 document from the Secretary of State acknowledging his declaration as a candidate, and receipt for printing 500 placards, 1935.

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Birthing Ajali (Destiny): Hiv/Aids And Its Effects Amongst Females In Rural Tanzania: A Reduction, Renewal And Prospective Vision For Females In Rural Tanzania, Porsha Latrice Hart Aug 2013

Birthing Ajali (Destiny): Hiv/Aids And Its Effects Amongst Females In Rural Tanzania: A Reduction, Renewal And Prospective Vision For Females In Rural Tanzania, Porsha Latrice Hart

Theses and Dissertations

The HIV/AIDS crisis has impacted Africa for at least fifty years and Tanzania for at least twenty nine years. The government, public health community and nongovernmental agencies have addressed this now pandemic by utilizing strategic planning, prevention and education measures, as well as effective crisis communication. This study makes an attempt to utilize qualitative research to examine the crisis in Tanzania and how it has affected females in selected rural areas. Effective crisis communication will be explored with an emphasis on the discourse of renewal theory. Furthermore, the Center for Disease Control Diffusion of Effective Behavioral Intervention SISTA program will …

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Fearless: Bruce Larson And Alice Carter, Bruce A. Larson, Alice Carter Aug 2013

Fearless: Bruce Larson And Alice Carter, Bruce A. Larson, Alice Carter

SURGE

This Monday, Professor of political science and public policy, Bruce Larson, Assistant Director of Development, Alumni, and Parent Relations, and Technology, Alice Carter, and daughter Lily Larson will be leaving for a semester in Beijing, China. Professor Larson will be joining the ranks of Gettysburg College’s Fulbright recipients, teaching two courses at the China Foreign Affairs University while conducting his research.

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Politics Of Successful Development: Women And Panchayats In India, Anne Clayton, Dr. Donna Lee Bowen Aug 2013

Politics Of Successful Development: Women And Panchayats In India, Anne Clayton, Dr. Donna Lee Bowen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

All over the world women tend to suffer disproportionately in terms of poverty and the lack of access to education in comparison to men.1 Extensive development efforts have been put forth throughout the world to eradicate these problems. Some of them have been successful, while many have not. Identifying the factors that lead to successful development is crucial, so that those methods which are effective may be replicated in other areas. In recent years, women=s role in development has increasingly become recognized as vital to successful development.2 Focusing resources on women for development often yields greater levels of success due …

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The Modern Relevance Of Natural Law Considered From An Epistemological Perspective: Taking Up The Challenge Of Foucault And The Poststructuralists, Robert David Hunter Floyd, Dr. Kelly D. Patterson Aug 2013

The Modern Relevance Of Natural Law Considered From An Epistemological Perspective: Taking Up The Challenge Of Foucault And The Poststructuralists, Robert David Hunter Floyd, Dr. Kelly D. Patterson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

This two-year project, undertaken with the aid of ORCA funding, is preceding both on schedule and in many ways better than expected. The support provided in the grant has allowed me to dedicate considerable time and energy to a topic which requires me to draw upon philosophical insights from a variety of disciplines and authors. While an honors thesis will ultimately result from the work begun with the grant, already this research experience is opening new horizons of scholarship which I had not heretofore considered.

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A Two-Pronged Strategy For Brazilian Domestic Violence Legislation: The Effectiveness Of Autonomous Women’S Groups And Feminists In Government, Jason M. Johnson, Dr. Darren G. Hawkins Aug 2013

A Two-Pronged Strategy For Brazilian Domestic Violence Legislation: The Effectiveness Of Autonomous Women’S Groups And Feminists In Government, Jason M. Johnson, Dr. Darren G. Hawkins

Journal of Undergraduate Research

During the 1980s Brazil made unprecedented advancements in the area of domestic violence. It was the first country to open women’s police stations staffed by female police officers and established an executive council where feminists could discuss policies for problems like violence against women. Yet, despite these early achievements which sprang from a strong women’s movement, Brazil remains one of only three countries in Latin America without a law prohibiting violence against women. The purpose of the ORCA research was to determine the effectiveness of the two-pronged strategy for domestic violence legislation, characterized by women simultaneously pressuring inside and outside …

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Winning The Waiting Game: Senatorial Delay In Executive Nominations, Ian Ostrander Aug 2013

Winning The Waiting Game: Senatorial Delay In Executive Nominations, Ian Ostrander

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Presidents have a strong incentive to control executive agencies through the nomination of like-minded and responsive individuals to leadership posts. The Senate, however, must provide its advice and consent for appointments to these key positions. While most nominees are successfully confirmed, this success rate tends to mask wide variation in the length of time it takes the Senate to make a decision. Delay of critical nominees can influence the character of an agency while hampering the policy ambitions of a president. In this way the power to delay can be as important as the power to reject a nominee. Building …

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The Ira: Terrorists?; A Study Of The Northern Irish Conflict Through Writing, Interviews And Audio Documentary, Arielle Badger, Clifford Newman, Dr. Michael Findley Aug 2013

The Ira: Terrorists?; A Study Of The Northern Irish Conflict Through Writing, Interviews And Audio Documentary, Arielle Badger, Clifford Newman, Dr. Michael Findley

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The Easter Rising of 1916 began the end of British rule in Ireland. While the Republic of Ireland gained full independence in 1922, Northern Ireland remained under British control. Many Irish nationalists continued to fight for a fully united, independent Ireland. Small-scale attacks were continued by the Irish Republican Army (IRA), which eventually escalated into the “Troubles” from roughly 1969-1994. The “Troubles” were not simply about territorial integrity through uniting the Irish island. The conflict was between races, religion and in protest of centuries of occupation and discrimination.

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Everybody’S Talkin’ At Me: Analyzing The Effect Of Multi-Source Television News Content On Civic Learning, David Lassen, Dr. Christopher Karpowitz Aug 2013

Everybody’S Talkin’ At Me: Analyzing The Effect Of Multi-Source Television News Content On Civic Learning, David Lassen, Dr. Christopher Karpowitz

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Consumers of media during the past ten years have seen a dramatic shift in the way information is presented to the American public. With technical innovations associated with the Internet and the cultural adaptations that have accompanied them, modern American media has become increasingly interactive. Responding to these changes, many television networks such as CNN and MSNBC have begun to alter the visual format of their content to more closely resemble online sources of information. It is not uncommon, for example, for a modern news broadcast to include information on multiple stories simultaneously, including some information that may even be …

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Ethnicity And Public Goods Provision In An Indian City, Michael Davidson, Dr. Joel Selway Aug 2013

Ethnicity And Public Goods Provision In An Indian City, Michael Davidson, Dr. Joel Selway

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The provision of public goods is, on average, significantly poorer in ethnically-diverse communities (Banerjee et al. 2005). Three potential mechanisms have been put forward to explain this phenomenon: preferences, technology and strategy selection (Habyarimana et al. 2007). While the landmark experiment on this topic concluded that strategy selection best explained poor public goods provision, we posit that the role of preferences is significant (ibid.). The lab experiments we conducted tested for differences in preference between ethnic groups in the Southeast Indian city of Chennai.

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The Security Of Women’S Property Rights: A Cross-National Survey, Aimee Farnsworth, Dr. Valerie Hudson Aug 2013

The Security Of Women’S Property Rights: A Cross-National Survey, Aimee Farnsworth, Dr. Valerie Hudson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The main goal of this research was to complete a cross-national survey of women’s property rights in law and in practice. Surprisingly, such a global survey has never before been undertaken. This is a large gap in the existing knowledge base. My goal in this research was to be able to point out similarities, differences and anomalies throughout diverse regions and identify areas for future reform. Specifically, I wished to address the range of legal systems and cultural practices regarding women and property throughout the international system. Are there regional variations? What anomalies are present in the data? In which …

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“We Don’T Need No Education” Aid: The Effects Of Education-Specific Foreign Aid On School Enrollment In Low-Income Countries, Dustin Homer, Dr. Daniel Nielson Aug 2013

“We Don’T Need No Education” Aid: The Effects Of Education-Specific Foreign Aid On School Enrollment In Low-Income Countries, Dustin Homer, Dr. Daniel Nielson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

We use AidData to assess the effectiveness of education aid. Focusing on the subset of the world’s poorest nations, we empirically evaluate the effects of educational foreign aid on primary school enrollment rates over the period 1975-2005. While past literature suggests that aid has had positive effects on education, this new and more comprehensive database allows a broader evaluation of aid’s impact in poor countries. Our findings – subjected to a variety of robustness tests – indicate that education aid dollars have, at best, mixed effects and, at worst, no significant impact, on school enrollments in less-developed nations.

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Decision-Making Process Of Elected Officials, Bradley Masters Aug 2013

Decision-Making Process Of Elected Officials, Bradley Masters

Journal of Undergraduate Research

John Kingdon, in his famous book, Congressman’s Voting Decisions, said, “Because congressmen rely most heavily on colleagues within the house and on constituents for guidance as they vote, other actors in the system such as lobbyists and administration policy makers tend to work through these two gatekeeper sources” (Kingdon 1989, My work with this ORCA grant has helped to shed light on an important distinction that is not explored by Kingdon: some congressman will rely more heavily on colleagues within the house and some will rely more heavily on constituents.

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Evaluating The Relationship Between Middle Eastern Governments And Political Opposition Groups, Estee Ward, Dr. Donna Lee Bowen Aug 2013

Evaluating The Relationship Between Middle Eastern Governments And Political Opposition Groups, Estee Ward, Dr. Donna Lee Bowen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

There is a growing consensus among scholars that “social science research on the Middle East has, as of yet, scarcely dealt with political opposition as an independent subject of analysis.” Most scholars consider the role of opposition as one way to facilitate the growth of democracy in developing states. They find a good starting point with the concept of alternance, which is defined as the expectation that in a democracy government and opposition compete to gain public support to form a government. In liberal democracies, alternance allows various parties the opportunity to become the higher authority through free and fair …

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Economy, Democracy And Its Reflection On Presidential Rhetoric, Damian Rosas, Dr. Darren Hawkins Aug 2013

Economy, Democracy And Its Reflection On Presidential Rhetoric, Damian Rosas, Dr. Darren Hawkins

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Political rhetoric in Latin America has reflected the trends that different countries in the region have experienced during their democratic history. There are several factors that may influence the contents and attitudes towards democracy of presidential speeches. The most influential factor is likely to be the economic situation of the country. In an effort to integrate the economic and political knowledge that I acquired as an International Relations major I developed my research project in an interaction of these two disciplines.

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