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Articles 14281 - 14310 of 115958

Full-Text Articles in Anthropology

An Exhibition On Casas Grandes At The Museum Of Peoples And Cultures, Jeffrey Kent Romney Feb 2014

An Exhibition On Casas Grandes At The Museum Of Peoples And Cultures, Jeffrey Kent Romney

Journal of Undergraduate Research

During the Fall of 1993 I submitted an application for a research grant through your office and received a $1,000 scholarship on December 9, 1993. My proposed project was to design an exhibition on Casas Grandes at the Museum of Peoples and Cultures here at BYU. The Museum holds a large collection of unique artifacts from this culture. The idea for an exhibit using this collection first carne to mind after doing some research on these collections during the Summer of 1993. Starting in January 1994, therefore, I began the process of research necessary to formulate the informative background for …

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Social Changes And Women’S Issues Of Coimbatore India, Dana Diana Bowen Feb 2014

Social Changes And Women’S Issues Of Coimbatore India, Dana Diana Bowen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

I demonstrated in my application for The Research and Creative Work Scholarship last Fall semester that specific patterns of transition in women’s roles and statuses occur in evolving societies. Examples of this evolution were illustrated in the American, !Kung San, and Chinese societies. I further hypothesized that these same patterns of evolution are also occurring in India and possibly other countries.

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The Potential Applications Of Tooth Cement Increment Analysis In Historical Archaeology, David B. Landon Feb 2014

The Potential Applications Of Tooth Cement Increment Analysis In Historical Archaeology, David B. Landon

Northeast Historical Archaeology

The study of incremental structures in animal teeth is an analytical technique that is receiving increased attention from zooarchaeologists working in many parts of the world. The seasonal and annual cycles in the formation of tooth increments makes them ideal for determining the age of an animal when it was killed and the season of its death. This type of information can contribute significantly to interpretations of past animal husbandry practices. A sample of eight domestic animal teeth from the Wilkinson Backlot Site in dowtown Boston, Massachusetts, were studied in this fashion. Microscopic examination of the increment pattern of the …

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Skeletons In The Walls Of Old Québec, Jerome S. Cybulski Feb 2014

Skeletons In The Walls Of Old Québec, Jerome S. Cybulski

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Fifty human skeletons were discovered during a Canadian Parks Service project to repair the mid-18th-century fortification wall of Québec City. Laboratory analysis revealed 45 males, three or four females, and one child, a sex and age ratio virtually identical to that gleaned from diaries reporting the 1746-1747 deaths of Protestant Prisoners of war. Skulls and teeth showed a prevalence of Caucasoid traits. Long bones indicated statures taller than those documented for European-born contemporaries and more closely resembling those known for North American colonials. Dental health was poor throughout the series. Most men had lesions suggesting heavy loading stresses on the …

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Ceramics And The Sea Trade In Portsmouth, New Hampshire: 1765-1785, Aileen Button Agnew Feb 2014

Ceramics And The Sea Trade In Portsmouth, New Hampshire: 1765-1785, Aileen Button Agnew

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Portsmouth, New Hampshire, is a small seaport with a long history of maritime trade. The Deer Street archaeological projects in Portsmouth have provided extensive information on different stages of the city's past. The excavation of a small cellar, filled ca. 1785, yielded a wealth of artifacts dating to the period 1765-1785. More than 5000 ceramic artifacts were recovered, providing the basis for an examination of the connection between the sea trade and the personal possessions of the inhabitants.

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The American Headquarters For The Battle Of Saratoga, David R. Starbuck Feb 2014

The American Headquarters For The Battle Of Saratoga, David R. Starbuck

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Two years of excavation have been conducted at the site of the American Headquarters for the Battle of Saratoga. Performed under the terms of a cooperative agreement between the National Park Service and Rensselar Polytechnic Institute, this survey effort has successfully located the foundation of the Ephraim Woodworth farmhouse, what appears to have been the Woodworth barn, a well that was behind the farmhouse, and a lengthy French drain that curved around the buildings on three sides. These features appear to be the only physical remains that have survived from the headquarters complex of General Horatio Gates, who occupied these …

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Anthrosols And The Analysis Of Archaeological Sites In A Plowed Context: The King's Reach Site, Dennis J. Pogue Feb 2014

Anthrosols And The Analysis Of Archaeological Sites In A Plowed Context: The King's Reach Site, Dennis J. Pogue

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Archaeologists working in the Chesapeake region have been particularly active in using plowzone-derived artifacts for interpreting historic-period sites. More recently, the analysis of patterns in certain plowzone soil chemicals has developed as a significant complementary source of data, and over the last decade several sites, have been subjected to that type of study. An analysis of the distribution of soil chemicals at the King's Reach site (ca. 1690-1715) is presented as a case study in the use of the method. The pertinent literature on the subject is reviewed, and the King's Reach data are compared with those from several other …

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Kentucky Folklife Festival - Frankfort, Kentucky, 1997 (Fa 661), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives Feb 2014

Kentucky Folklife Festival - Frankfort, Kentucky, 1997 (Fa 661), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Folklife Archives Finding Aids

Finding aid only for Folklife Archives project 661. This collection features information anf documentation about the first annual Kentucky Folklife Festival held from September 18-21, 1997 in Frankfort, Kentucky. The festival was sponsored by the Kentucky Folklife Program, an inter-agency program of the Kentucky Historical Society and the Kentucky Arts Council agencies of the Education, Arts and Humanities Cabinet.

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Highway 31-W Folklife Survey (Fa 660), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives Feb 2014

Highway 31-W Folklife Survey (Fa 660), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Folklife Archives Finding Aids

Finding aid only for Folklife Archives project 660. This collection includes information and documentation of the Highway 31-W Folklife Survey conducted by folklorist Dale Johnson throughout the summer and fall of 1999. Sponsored by the Kentucky Arts Council, the West Kentucky Corporation, and Mammoth Cave National Park, the survey was undertaken to document folklore and traditions from the U.S. Highway 31-W corridor running from Louisville, Kentucky to the Tennessee state line near Franklin, Kentucky.

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The Impact Of Agricultural Emergence On The Genetic History Of African Rainforest Hunter-Gatherers And Agriculturalists, Etienne Patin, Katherine J. Siddle, Guillaume Laval, Hélène Quach, Christine Harmant, Noémie Becker, Alain Froment, Béatrice Régnault, Laure Lemée, Simon Gravel, Jean-Marie Hombert, Lolke Van Der Veen, Nathaniel J. Dominy, George H. Perry, Luis B. Barreiro, Paul Verdu, Evelyne Heyer, Lluís Quintana-Murci Feb 2014

The Impact Of Agricultural Emergence On The Genetic History Of African Rainforest Hunter-Gatherers And Agriculturalists, Etienne Patin, Katherine J. Siddle, Guillaume Laval, Hélène Quach, Christine Harmant, Noémie Becker, Alain Froment, Béatrice Régnault, Laure Lemée, Simon Gravel, Jean-Marie Hombert, Lolke Van Der Veen, Nathaniel J. Dominy, George H. Perry, Luis B. Barreiro, Paul Verdu, Evelyne Heyer, Lluís Quintana-Murci

Dartmouth Scholarship

The emergence of agriculture in West-Central Africa approximately 5,000 years ago, profoundly modified the cultural landscape and mode of subsistence of most sub-Saharan populations. How this major innovation has had an impact on the genetic history of rainforest hunter-gatherers—historically referred to as ‘pygmies’—and agriculturalists, however, remains poorly understood. Here we report genome-wide SNP data from these populations located west-to-east of the equatorial rainforest. We find that hunter-gathering populations present up to 50% of farmer genomic ancestry, and that substantial admixture began only within the last 1,000 years. Furthermore, we show that the historical population sizes characterizing these communities already differed …

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Always A River: The Ohio River And The American Experience (Fa 657), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives Feb 2014

Always A River: The Ohio River And The American Experience (Fa 657), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Folklife Archives Finding Aids

Finding aid only for Folklife Archives Project 657. Collection features documentation on the "Always a River" exhibit sponsored by the National Endowment for the Humanities as well as the Humanities Councils of the six states whose boundaries touch the Ohio River. The exhibit demonstrated the relationship between the individual and the environment. One exhibit was featured on a barge that traveled from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania to Cairo, Illinois in 1991.

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Skeleton Found In A Rhode Island Cave, Possibility Of Lyme Disease, Tooba Ghafoor Feb 2014

Skeleton Found In A Rhode Island Cave, Possibility Of Lyme Disease, Tooba Ghafoor

2014 Honors Council of the Illinois Region Papers

A skeleton of a member of the Wampanoag tribe was recently found in a cave near the eastern shore of Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island. Examination of the skeleton revealed the individual was most likely a male in his late 40s. Six Amblyomma americanum and nine Xodes scapalaris ticks were found in the fur cloth of the individual. These ticks, as well as abnormalities of the skeleton, including a missing arm and broken rib, raise the possibility of the individual suffering and dying from Lyme disease. Carbon-14 dated the remains and ticks to the year 1600.

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The Music And Multiple Identities Of Kurdish Alevis From Turkey In Germany, Ozan Aksoy Feb 2014

The Music And Multiple Identities Of Kurdish Alevis From Turkey In Germany, Ozan Aksoy

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation investigates the experiences of Kurdish Alevis, currently living in Germany, who trace their background to locations within the boundaries of the Republic of Turkey. I argue that music has been a particularly important mode through which Kurdish Alevis in Germany have articulated collective histories and have fashioned narratives of belonging and multiple and sometimes contradictory identities. The subjects of my research are immigrants and refugees who are ethnically Kurdish and whose religion is Alevi, an Anatolian religion whose relations to both Sunni and Shi'a Islam are historically controversial. They speak Turkish along with Kurdish, in most cases are …

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"A New Way Of Doing Politics": The Movement Against Cafta In Costa Rica, Jeremy Rayner Feb 2014

"A New Way Of Doing Politics": The Movement Against Cafta In Costa Rica, Jeremy Rayner

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

In October of 2007, Costa Ricans voted in a referendum to ratify a Free Trade Agreement with the United States (DR-CAFTA, or CAFTA). The first referendum in their nation's history--and the first referendum ever held on a Free Trade Agreement--marked the culmination of a cycle of contention over liberalization that transformed practices and expectations of politics in a country often considered an exemplar of representative democracy. In this dissertation I provide an account of the opposition to CAFTA (the NO), based on two years of ethnographic research with the Patriotic Committees (Comites Patrioticos), the decentralized, grassroots network at the heart …

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We Work, We Eat Together: Anti-Authoritarian Mutual Aid Politics In New York City, 2004-2013, David Spataro Feb 2014

We Work, We Eat Together: Anti-Authoritarian Mutual Aid Politics In New York City, 2004-2013, David Spataro

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

New York City's neoliberal restructuring has fundamentally transformed the city's labor market and privatized many important aspects of a once robust municipal welfare system. In this research I examine one radical response to these changes: anti-authoritarian mutual aid groups that blend Do-It-Yourself (DIY) culture with direct action politics. These are projects where activists attempt to build strong communities of resistance by organizing collective forms of social reproduction. I find that these projects are a threat to neoliberal urbanization because they reorganize reproduction beyond the household scale while simultaneously criticizing the social relations of capitalism as the root of household insecurity. …

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Cadê O Mico? Where Is The Tamarin?: Locating Monkeys In The Politics Of Land And Conservation In Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, Analía Villagra Feb 2014

Cadê O Mico? Where Is The Tamarin?: Locating Monkeys In The Politics Of Land And Conservation In Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, Analía Villagra

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The golden lion tamarin is a small, endangered monkey found in only a few municipalities in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This dissertation explores the project to conserve this rare primate, a project that links together agrarian reform, forest restoration, agroforestry, and conservation biology. Informed by Brazil's social and political history, and drawing from 12 months of fieldwork conducted in 2008 and 2010, this dissertation argues that by looking carefully at and for the tamarin, we discover the interrelated political, social, and animal relationships that weave together to produce conservation in southeastern Brazil.

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Book Review: The Archaeology Of Antislavery Resistance, By Terrance M. Weik, Ashley Peles Jan 2014

Book Review: The Archaeology Of Antislavery Resistance, By Terrance M. Weik, Ashley Peles

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Review of The Archaeology of Antislavery Resistance, by Terrance M. Weik, 2012, University Press of Florida, Gainesville, 204 pp., 16 black and white figures, 3 maps, references, index, $69.95 (cloth), $19.95 (paper).

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Book Review: Jefferson's Poplar Forest: Unearthing A Virginia Plantation Edited By Barbara J. Heath And Jack Gary, Julia King Jan 2014

Book Review: Jefferson's Poplar Forest: Unearthing A Virginia Plantation Edited By Barbara J. Heath And Jack Gary, Julia King

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Review of Jefferson's Poplar Forest: Unearthing a Virginia Plantation, edited by Barbara J. Heath and Jack Gary, 2012, University Press of Florida, Gainesville, 256 pages, 40 black-and-white illustrations, 8 maps, $29.95 (cloth).

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Les Bagues Dites « Jésuites » Dans Les Échanges Entre La France Et La Nouvelle-France : Contribution D’Une Typologie Technologique À L’Identification De Réseaux D’Approvisionnement Et De Distribution, Caroline Mercier Jan 2014

Les Bagues Dites « Jésuites » Dans Les Échanges Entre La France Et La Nouvelle-France : Contribution D’Une Typologie Technologique À L’Identification De Réseaux D’Approvisionnement Et De Distribution, Caroline Mercier

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Une étude menée récemment sur les bagues dites « jésuites » mises au jour dans la province de Québec a permis d’élaborer une typologie technologique basée sur les techniques de mise en forme et de décoration. Cette typologie a révélé l’existence de quatre principaux modèles de bagues qui possèdent chacun leur propre répartition chronologique et géographique. Cet article tente de démontrer que la répartition différentielle de ces quatre modèles reflète des réseaux d’approvisionnement et de distribution en France et en Nouvelle-France.

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Revolutionary War And An Amsterdam Privy: The Remarkable Background Of A Rhode Island Ship Token, Ranjith M. Jayasena Jan 2014

Revolutionary War And An Amsterdam Privy: The Remarkable Background Of A Rhode Island Ship Token, Ranjith M. Jayasena

Northeast Historical Archaeology

In 2008 the City of Amsterdam Office for Monuments & Archaeology (BMA) excavated a remarkable find from a late 18th-century privy in Amsterdam’s city centre that can be directly linked to the American Revolutionary War, a 1779 Rhode Island Ship Token. Approximately twenty-five examples of this token are known worldwide, but none of them come from an archaeological context. From this Amsterdam find one can examine these tokens from an entirely new aspect, namely the socio-economic context of the owner as well as the period in which the token was used. The Rhode Island Ship Token was a British propaganda …

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Beads, Coins, And Charms At A Poplar Forest Slave Cabin (1833-1858), Lori Lee Jan 2014

Beads, Coins, And Charms At A Poplar Forest Slave Cabin (1833-1858), Lori Lee

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Objects classified as personal adornment are often vested with meanings that reveal significant insight into their owners’ lives because they are personal. The context in which objects are used is critical to understanding potential meanings. This essay considers the recontextualization of glass beads, a pierced coin, and a decorative, fist-shaped, metal-alloy clothing fastener used by enslaved laborers at antebellum Poplar Forest Plantation. The enslaved mobilized these forms of material culture in shared and idiosyncratic ways to assert varying degrees of control over elements of their daily lives, such as health, well-being, family life, and self-definition.

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"Every Man Turned Out In The Best He Had": Clothing And Buttons In The Historical And Archaeological Records Of Johnson's Island Prisoner-Of-War Depot, 1862-1865, Tyler Rudd Putman Jan 2014

"Every Man Turned Out In The Best He Had": Clothing And Buttons In The Historical And Archaeological Records Of Johnson's Island Prisoner-Of-War Depot, 1862-1865, Tyler Rudd Putman

Northeast Historical Archaeology

During the American Civil War, federal authorities sent captured Confederate officers to the military prison on Johnson’s Island in Lake Erie, Ohio. These prisoners came from a narrow demographic; most were Southern, white, upper-class males. They left many documentary accounts of their experiences in the camp, some of which detailed how they used clothing to display both individuality and group identity in their civilian, military, and incarcerated experiences. Twenty years of excavations on Johnson’s Island have resulted in the discovery of at least 1,393 prisoner buttons and numerous other clothing-related artifacts. This study compares the buttons from a single latrine …

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Being Fashionable On Maryland's Western Shore In The Late Seventeenth Century, Patricia Samford Jan 2014

Being Fashionable On Maryland's Western Shore In The Late Seventeenth Century, Patricia Samford

Northeast Historical Archaeology

In the late 17th and early 18th centuries, the Zekiah Swamp was a sparsely settled frontier region on Maryland’s Western Shore. Investigations were conducted in 1996 at the site of Westwood Manor, a plantation and general store during the late 17th century. Re-analysis of this assemblage in 2010 suggested that the manor’s occupants and their clientele were striving to reconstitute an English material world in the Maryland Colony. Along with a variety of expensive and presentation-quality ceramic and glass vessels, the assemblage included an elaborately decorated ivory walking-stick handle, a silver spoon, and other luxury items. The walking stick and …

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A Guide To Spurs Of Maryland And Delaware Ca. 1635-1820, Sara Rivers-Cofield Jan 2014

A Guide To Spurs Of Maryland And Delaware Ca. 1635-1820, Sara Rivers-Cofield

Northeast Historical Archaeology

This paper discusses research conducted on an assemblage of colonial spurs from Maryland and Delaware. The author has conducted this research for the purpose of adding the artifact category to the “Small Finds” section of the “Diagnostic Artifacts in Maryland” webpage. Identification and dating of spurs will be discussed, as will the value and meaning of spurs to the individuals who wore them. Spurs are not simply functional objects associated with horsemanship, they also represent items of personal adornment that can offer insight into status marking and boot styles worn in different time periods. This research draws from probate inventories, …

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"Jesuit" Rings In Trade Exchanges Between France And New France: Contribution Of A Technological Typology To Identifying Supply And Distribution Networks, Caroline Mercier Jan 2014

"Jesuit" Rings In Trade Exchanges Between France And New France: Contribution Of A Technological Typology To Identifying Supply And Distribution Networks, Caroline Mercier

Northeast Historical Archaeology

A recent study of “Jesuit” rings uncovered in the province of Quebec has led to the development of a technological typology based on shaping and decorative techniques. This typology revealed the existence of four main ring models, each of which has its own chronological and geographical distribution. The aim of this article is to demonstrate that the differential distribution of these four models reflects supply and distribution networks in France and New France.

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Small Finds, Space, And Social Context: Exploring Agency In Historical Archaeology, David Muraca, John Coombs, Phil Levy, Laura Galke, Paul Nasca, Amy Muraca Jan 2014

Small Finds, Space, And Social Context: Exploring Agency In Historical Archaeology, David Muraca, John Coombs, Phil Levy, Laura Galke, Paul Nasca, Amy Muraca

Northeast Historical Archaeology

The George Washington Foundation Department of Archaeology has combined a number of excavation and artifact-recovery techniques with a deliberate approach to artifact research and analysis in the laboratory to enhance interpretations of past behaviors. This article describes the elements of this approach and provides a case study involving the numerous 18th-century wig hair curler fragments found at the boyhood home of George Washington. The historical record together with the material culture assemblage allow us to demonstrate that the Washington family engaged in a home-based system of wig maintenance, allowing the economically struggling Washington boys to don wigs, an essential element …

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Independence: Perceptions Of Self-Identity In The Life Of A Native & American Woman, Tyler K. Lee, David Shuler Jan 2014

Independence: Perceptions Of Self-Identity In The Life Of A Native & American Woman, Tyler K. Lee, David Shuler

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Summer was rapidly approaching and I was busy making plans to visit Oaxaca, Mexico in search of answers. Several cases of labor abuse involving Mixtec Indians from that region working in Californian fields had emerged and I wanted to find out if Mixtec communal living patterns were being altered here in America as opposed to their traditional way of living in the villages of Oaxaca. I was set to leave in April when a friend of mine invited me to her Indian reservation in northeastern California for the weekend. I became so intrigued with the community of Independence, California that …

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The Relationship Among Garbage, Culture, And Economics In Puerto Rico As Compared To Guatemala, Jennifer M. Lambert, Dr. John Hawkins Jan 2014

The Relationship Among Garbage, Culture, And Economics In Puerto Rico As Compared To Guatemala, Jennifer M. Lambert, Dr. John Hawkins

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The purpose of this project was to return to Nahuala, Guatemala to continue my research analyzing the relationship between cultural attitudes and treatment of solid waste. I also planned to begin an investigation of the environmental impact of the solid waste there. However, my plans changed when the anthropology department canceled the summer trip to Guatemala. I decided to conduct a parallel two month study in Puerto Rico.

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Book Review: The Edge Of The Woods: Iroquoia, 1534-1701, By Jon Parmenter, Jack Rossen Jan 2014

Book Review: The Edge Of The Woods: Iroquoia, 1534-1701, By Jon Parmenter, Jack Rossen

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Review of The Edge of the Woods: Iroquoia, 1634-1701, by Jon Parmenter, 2012, Michigan State University Press, 520 pages, black and white illustrations, maps, notes, bibliography, index, $49.95 (cloth).

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Book Review: Saugus Iron Works: The Roland W. Robbins Excavations, 1948-1953, Richard Veit Jan 2014

Book Review: Saugus Iron Works: The Roland W. Robbins Excavations, 1948-1953, Richard Veit

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Review of Sagues Iron Works: The Roland W. Robbins Excavations, 1948-1953, edited by William A. Griswold and Donald W. Linebaugh, 2011, National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, 440 pages, 182 black-and-white illustrations, index, appendices, no price given.

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