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Articles 14311 - 14340 of 115978

Full-Text Articles in Anthropology

Always A River: The Ohio River And The American Experience (Fa 657), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives Feb 2014

Always A River: The Ohio River And The American Experience (Fa 657), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Folklife Archives Finding Aids

Finding aid only for Folklife Archives Project 657. Collection features documentation on the "Always a River" exhibit sponsored by the National Endowment for the Humanities as well as the Humanities Councils of the six states whose boundaries touch the Ohio River. The exhibit demonstrated the relationship between the individual and the environment. One exhibit was featured on a barge that traveled from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania to Cairo, Illinois in 1991.

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Skeleton Found In A Rhode Island Cave, Possibility Of Lyme Disease, Tooba Ghafoor Feb 2014

Skeleton Found In A Rhode Island Cave, Possibility Of Lyme Disease, Tooba Ghafoor

2014 Honors Council of the Illinois Region Papers

A skeleton of a member of the Wampanoag tribe was recently found in a cave near the eastern shore of Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island. Examination of the skeleton revealed the individual was most likely a male in his late 40s. Six Amblyomma americanum and nine Xodes scapalaris ticks were found in the fur cloth of the individual. These ticks, as well as abnormalities of the skeleton, including a missing arm and broken rib, raise the possibility of the individual suffering and dying from Lyme disease. Carbon-14 dated the remains and ticks to the year 1600.

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The Music And Multiple Identities Of Kurdish Alevis From Turkey In Germany, Ozan Aksoy Feb 2014

The Music And Multiple Identities Of Kurdish Alevis From Turkey In Germany, Ozan Aksoy

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation investigates the experiences of Kurdish Alevis, currently living in Germany, who trace their background to locations within the boundaries of the Republic of Turkey. I argue that music has been a particularly important mode through which Kurdish Alevis in Germany have articulated collective histories and have fashioned narratives of belonging and multiple and sometimes contradictory identities. The subjects of my research are immigrants and refugees who are ethnically Kurdish and whose religion is Alevi, an Anatolian religion whose relations to both Sunni and Shi'a Islam are historically controversial. They speak Turkish along with Kurdish, in most cases are …

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"A New Way Of Doing Politics": The Movement Against Cafta In Costa Rica, Jeremy Rayner Feb 2014

"A New Way Of Doing Politics": The Movement Against Cafta In Costa Rica, Jeremy Rayner

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

In October of 2007, Costa Ricans voted in a referendum to ratify a Free Trade Agreement with the United States (DR-CAFTA, or CAFTA). The first referendum in their nation's history--and the first referendum ever held on a Free Trade Agreement--marked the culmination of a cycle of contention over liberalization that transformed practices and expectations of politics in a country often considered an exemplar of representative democracy. In this dissertation I provide an account of the opposition to CAFTA (the NO), based on two years of ethnographic research with the Patriotic Committees (Comites Patrioticos), the decentralized, grassroots network at the heart …

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We Work, We Eat Together: Anti-Authoritarian Mutual Aid Politics In New York City, 2004-2013, David Spataro Feb 2014

We Work, We Eat Together: Anti-Authoritarian Mutual Aid Politics In New York City, 2004-2013, David Spataro

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

New York City's neoliberal restructuring has fundamentally transformed the city's labor market and privatized many important aspects of a once robust municipal welfare system. In this research I examine one radical response to these changes: anti-authoritarian mutual aid groups that blend Do-It-Yourself (DIY) culture with direct action politics. These are projects where activists attempt to build strong communities of resistance by organizing collective forms of social reproduction. I find that these projects are a threat to neoliberal urbanization because they reorganize reproduction beyond the household scale while simultaneously criticizing the social relations of capitalism as the root of household insecurity. …

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Cadê O Mico? Where Is The Tamarin?: Locating Monkeys In The Politics Of Land And Conservation In Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, Analía Villagra Feb 2014

Cadê O Mico? Where Is The Tamarin?: Locating Monkeys In The Politics Of Land And Conservation In Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, Analía Villagra

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The golden lion tamarin is a small, endangered monkey found in only a few municipalities in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This dissertation explores the project to conserve this rare primate, a project that links together agrarian reform, forest restoration, agroforestry, and conservation biology. Informed by Brazil's social and political history, and drawing from 12 months of fieldwork conducted in 2008 and 2010, this dissertation argues that by looking carefully at and for the tamarin, we discover the interrelated political, social, and animal relationships that weave together to produce conservation in southeastern Brazil.

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Book Review: The Archaeology Of Antislavery Resistance, By Terrance M. Weik, Ashley Peles Jan 2014

Book Review: The Archaeology Of Antislavery Resistance, By Terrance M. Weik, Ashley Peles

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Review of The Archaeology of Antislavery Resistance, by Terrance M. Weik, 2012, University Press of Florida, Gainesville, 204 pp., 16 black and white figures, 3 maps, references, index, $69.95 (cloth), $19.95 (paper).

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Book Review: Jefferson's Poplar Forest: Unearthing A Virginia Plantation Edited By Barbara J. Heath And Jack Gary, Julia King Jan 2014

Book Review: Jefferson's Poplar Forest: Unearthing A Virginia Plantation Edited By Barbara J. Heath And Jack Gary, Julia King

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Review of Jefferson's Poplar Forest: Unearthing a Virginia Plantation, edited by Barbara J. Heath and Jack Gary, 2012, University Press of Florida, Gainesville, 256 pages, 40 black-and-white illustrations, 8 maps, $29.95 (cloth).

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Les Bagues Dites « Jésuites » Dans Les Échanges Entre La France Et La Nouvelle-France : Contribution D’Une Typologie Technologique À L’Identification De Réseaux D’Approvisionnement Et De Distribution, Caroline Mercier Jan 2014

Les Bagues Dites « Jésuites » Dans Les Échanges Entre La France Et La Nouvelle-France : Contribution D’Une Typologie Technologique À L’Identification De Réseaux D’Approvisionnement Et De Distribution, Caroline Mercier

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Une étude menée récemment sur les bagues dites « jésuites » mises au jour dans la province de Québec a permis d’élaborer une typologie technologique basée sur les techniques de mise en forme et de décoration. Cette typologie a révélé l’existence de quatre principaux modèles de bagues qui possèdent chacun leur propre répartition chronologique et géographique. Cet article tente de démontrer que la répartition différentielle de ces quatre modèles reflète des réseaux d’approvisionnement et de distribution en France et en Nouvelle-France.

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Revolutionary War And An Amsterdam Privy: The Remarkable Background Of A Rhode Island Ship Token, Ranjith M. Jayasena Jan 2014

Revolutionary War And An Amsterdam Privy: The Remarkable Background Of A Rhode Island Ship Token, Ranjith M. Jayasena

Northeast Historical Archaeology

In 2008 the City of Amsterdam Office for Monuments & Archaeology (BMA) excavated a remarkable find from a late 18th-century privy in Amsterdam’s city centre that can be directly linked to the American Revolutionary War, a 1779 Rhode Island Ship Token. Approximately twenty-five examples of this token are known worldwide, but none of them come from an archaeological context. From this Amsterdam find one can examine these tokens from an entirely new aspect, namely the socio-economic context of the owner as well as the period in which the token was used. The Rhode Island Ship Token was a British propaganda …

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Beads, Coins, And Charms At A Poplar Forest Slave Cabin (1833-1858), Lori Lee Jan 2014

Beads, Coins, And Charms At A Poplar Forest Slave Cabin (1833-1858), Lori Lee

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Objects classified as personal adornment are often vested with meanings that reveal significant insight into their owners’ lives because they are personal. The context in which objects are used is critical to understanding potential meanings. This essay considers the recontextualization of glass beads, a pierced coin, and a decorative, fist-shaped, metal-alloy clothing fastener used by enslaved laborers at antebellum Poplar Forest Plantation. The enslaved mobilized these forms of material culture in shared and idiosyncratic ways to assert varying degrees of control over elements of their daily lives, such as health, well-being, family life, and self-definition.

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"Every Man Turned Out In The Best He Had": Clothing And Buttons In The Historical And Archaeological Records Of Johnson's Island Prisoner-Of-War Depot, 1862-1865, Tyler Rudd Putman Jan 2014

"Every Man Turned Out In The Best He Had": Clothing And Buttons In The Historical And Archaeological Records Of Johnson's Island Prisoner-Of-War Depot, 1862-1865, Tyler Rudd Putman

Northeast Historical Archaeology

During the American Civil War, federal authorities sent captured Confederate officers to the military prison on Johnson’s Island in Lake Erie, Ohio. These prisoners came from a narrow demographic; most were Southern, white, upper-class males. They left many documentary accounts of their experiences in the camp, some of which detailed how they used clothing to display both individuality and group identity in their civilian, military, and incarcerated experiences. Twenty years of excavations on Johnson’s Island have resulted in the discovery of at least 1,393 prisoner buttons and numerous other clothing-related artifacts. This study compares the buttons from a single latrine …

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Being Fashionable On Maryland's Western Shore In The Late Seventeenth Century, Patricia Samford Jan 2014

Being Fashionable On Maryland's Western Shore In The Late Seventeenth Century, Patricia Samford

Northeast Historical Archaeology

In the late 17th and early 18th centuries, the Zekiah Swamp was a sparsely settled frontier region on Maryland’s Western Shore. Investigations were conducted in 1996 at the site of Westwood Manor, a plantation and general store during the late 17th century. Re-analysis of this assemblage in 2010 suggested that the manor’s occupants and their clientele were striving to reconstitute an English material world in the Maryland Colony. Along with a variety of expensive and presentation-quality ceramic and glass vessels, the assemblage included an elaborately decorated ivory walking-stick handle, a silver spoon, and other luxury items. The walking stick and …

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A Guide To Spurs Of Maryland And Delaware Ca. 1635-1820, Sara Rivers-Cofield Jan 2014

A Guide To Spurs Of Maryland And Delaware Ca. 1635-1820, Sara Rivers-Cofield

Northeast Historical Archaeology

This paper discusses research conducted on an assemblage of colonial spurs from Maryland and Delaware. The author has conducted this research for the purpose of adding the artifact category to the “Small Finds” section of the “Diagnostic Artifacts in Maryland” webpage. Identification and dating of spurs will be discussed, as will the value and meaning of spurs to the individuals who wore them. Spurs are not simply functional objects associated with horsemanship, they also represent items of personal adornment that can offer insight into status marking and boot styles worn in different time periods. This research draws from probate inventories, …

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"Jesuit" Rings In Trade Exchanges Between France And New France: Contribution Of A Technological Typology To Identifying Supply And Distribution Networks, Caroline Mercier Jan 2014

"Jesuit" Rings In Trade Exchanges Between France And New France: Contribution Of A Technological Typology To Identifying Supply And Distribution Networks, Caroline Mercier

Northeast Historical Archaeology

A recent study of “Jesuit” rings uncovered in the province of Quebec has led to the development of a technological typology based on shaping and decorative techniques. This typology revealed the existence of four main ring models, each of which has its own chronological and geographical distribution. The aim of this article is to demonstrate that the differential distribution of these four models reflects supply and distribution networks in France and New France.

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Small Finds, Space, And Social Context: Exploring Agency In Historical Archaeology, David Muraca, John Coombs, Phil Levy, Laura Galke, Paul Nasca, Amy Muraca Jan 2014

Small Finds, Space, And Social Context: Exploring Agency In Historical Archaeology, David Muraca, John Coombs, Phil Levy, Laura Galke, Paul Nasca, Amy Muraca

Northeast Historical Archaeology

The George Washington Foundation Department of Archaeology has combined a number of excavation and artifact-recovery techniques with a deliberate approach to artifact research and analysis in the laboratory to enhance interpretations of past behaviors. This article describes the elements of this approach and provides a case study involving the numerous 18th-century wig hair curler fragments found at the boyhood home of George Washington. The historical record together with the material culture assemblage allow us to demonstrate that the Washington family engaged in a home-based system of wig maintenance, allowing the economically struggling Washington boys to don wigs, an essential element …

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Independence: Perceptions Of Self-Identity In The Life Of A Native & American Woman, Tyler K. Lee, David Shuler Jan 2014

Independence: Perceptions Of Self-Identity In The Life Of A Native & American Woman, Tyler K. Lee, David Shuler

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Summer was rapidly approaching and I was busy making plans to visit Oaxaca, Mexico in search of answers. Several cases of labor abuse involving Mixtec Indians from that region working in Californian fields had emerged and I wanted to find out if Mixtec communal living patterns were being altered here in America as opposed to their traditional way of living in the villages of Oaxaca. I was set to leave in April when a friend of mine invited me to her Indian reservation in northeastern California for the weekend. I became so intrigued with the community of Independence, California that …

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The Relationship Among Garbage, Culture, And Economics In Puerto Rico As Compared To Guatemala, Jennifer M. Lambert, Dr. John Hawkins Jan 2014

The Relationship Among Garbage, Culture, And Economics In Puerto Rico As Compared To Guatemala, Jennifer M. Lambert, Dr. John Hawkins

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The purpose of this project was to return to Nahuala, Guatemala to continue my research analyzing the relationship between cultural attitudes and treatment of solid waste. I also planned to begin an investigation of the environmental impact of the solid waste there. However, my plans changed when the anthropology department canceled the summer trip to Guatemala. I decided to conduct a parallel two month study in Puerto Rico.

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Book Review: The Edge Of The Woods: Iroquoia, 1534-1701, By Jon Parmenter, Jack Rossen Jan 2014

Book Review: The Edge Of The Woods: Iroquoia, 1534-1701, By Jon Parmenter, Jack Rossen

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Review of The Edge of the Woods: Iroquoia, 1634-1701, by Jon Parmenter, 2012, Michigan State University Press, 520 pages, black and white illustrations, maps, notes, bibliography, index, $49.95 (cloth).

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Book Review: Saugus Iron Works: The Roland W. Robbins Excavations, 1948-1953, Richard Veit Jan 2014

Book Review: Saugus Iron Works: The Roland W. Robbins Excavations, 1948-1953, Richard Veit

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Review of Sagues Iron Works: The Roland W. Robbins Excavations, 1948-1953, edited by William A. Griswold and Donald W. Linebaugh, 2011, National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, 440 pages, 182 black-and-white illustrations, index, appendices, no price given.

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Book Review: Black Feminist Archaeology By Whitney Battle-Baptiste, Barbara J. Little Jan 2014

Book Review: Black Feminist Archaeology By Whitney Battle-Baptiste, Barbara J. Little

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Review of Black Feminist Archaeology, by Whitney Battle-Baptiste, 2011, Left Coast Press, Walnut Creek, CA, 200 pages, $94.00 (cloth), $32.95 (paper), $32.95 (ebook).

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Resurrectionists' Excursions: Evidence Of Postmortem Dissection From The Spring Street Presbyterian Church, Shannon A. Novak, Wesley Willoughby Jan 2014

Resurrectionists' Excursions: Evidence Of Postmortem Dissection From The Spring Street Presbyterian Church, Shannon A. Novak, Wesley Willoughby

Northeast Historical Archaeology

In this paper we contextualize two unique individuals recovered from the historic Spring Street Presbyterian Church burial vaults in lower Manhattan (ca. 1820-1846). The crania of one adolescent and one infant display clear evidence of a craniotomy. Both had complete circumferential incisions to remove the calvarium for internal examination. Both crania were sectioned using a saw, though the adolescent underwent further postmortem preparation: thin scalpel marks indicate defleshing, and metal pins embedded in the frontal and occipital bones would have facilitated disarticulation and rearticulation of the vault, presumably for teaching. By the early 19th century, the illicit exhumation of graves …

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The Children Of Spring Street: Rickets In An Early Nineteenth-Century Congregation, Meredith A. B. Ellis Jan 2014

The Children Of Spring Street: Rickets In An Early Nineteenth-Century Congregation, Meredith A. B. Ellis

Northeast Historical Archaeology

This paper examines the prevalence of rickets, or vitamin D deficiency, in the subadult skeletal remains from the burial vaults of the Spring Street Presbyterian Church of New York City. The burial vaults of the church were active from approximately 1820–1846 and contain the remains of at least 86 subadults (minimum number of individuals count [MNI] of left tibiae). Over 34% of the subadult tibiae in this collection display pathology consistent with vitamin D deficiency. Since vitamin D is acquired through access to sunlight and specific foods, a high rate of rickets can give clues about living conditions, parenting strategies, …

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Archaeologies Of Disease And Public Order In Nineteenth-Century New York: The View From Spring And Varick, William Werner, Shannon A. Novak Jan 2014

Archaeologies Of Disease And Public Order In Nineteenth-Century New York: The View From Spring And Varick, William Werner, Shannon A. Novak

Northeast Historical Archaeology

The authors situate evidence of disease among the burial population of the Spring Street Presbyterian Church within evolving attitudes towards public health and civic order in 19th-century Manhattan. Two personal vignettes illustrate how individuals interacted with the physical space of the church’s vicinity at different moments in the history of municipal reform. The first, a 16-year-old girl named Louisa, was virtually absent from the historical record until the recovery and analysis of her skeletal remains from the church burial vaults. Her skeletal biography conveys the cosmopolitan nature of Manhattan social relations in the early 19th century and the complex ways …

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"That Class Of Person Who Cannot Afford A Pew": Analysis Of The Human Remains From The Spring Street Presbyterian Church Burial Vaults, Thomas A. Crist Jan 2014

"That Class Of Person Who Cannot Afford A Pew": Analysis Of The Human Remains From The Spring Street Presbyterian Church Burial Vaults, Thomas A. Crist

Northeast Historical Archaeology

The analysis of the skeletal remains of 85 people interred between ca. 1820 and 1846 in the vaults of the abolitionist Spring Street Presbyterian Church provides unique insights regarding the biological history of antebellum New York City unavailable from other sources. Even though the sample size is small, the remains reflect the prevalence of infectious diseases, metabolic disorders, nutritional deficiencies, premature deaths, and high infant mortality that characterized the rapidly industrializing city. Among the most remarkable discoveries were a rare case of abdominal cancer; a mother and her full-term fetus in utero buried together; two autopsied children; and a dental …

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Stories From The Rubble: Analysis Of Mortuary Artifacts From The Spring Street Presbyterian Church Vaults, Rebecca L. White, Douglas B. Mooney Jan 2014

Stories From The Rubble: Analysis Of Mortuary Artifacts From The Spring Street Presbyterian Church Vaults, Rebecca L. White, Douglas B. Mooney

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Archaeological investigations of the Spring Street Presbyterian Church vaults resulted in the recovery of coffin plates, hardware and other burial-related artifacts that convey information regarding the individuals interred within these chambers. These interments also offer a glimpse at mortuary customs and practices in vault burials during the first half of the 19th century.

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Lost Within The Rubble: The Archaeological Findings From The Spring Street Presbyterian Church Burial Vaults, Douglas B. Mooney Jan 2014

Lost Within The Rubble: The Archaeological Findings From The Spring Street Presbyterian Church Burial Vaults, Douglas B. Mooney

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Archaeological investigations of the former Spring Street Presbyterian Church property resulted in the discovery of four stone and brick subterranean congregational burial vaults. In active use for only about 25 years, these chambers were found to contain the remains of more than 200 individuals, including large numbers of children. Excavations revealed that remains had been impacted by both natural and manmade processes at various points in the past; however, a total of 46 discrete burials were identified during the excavations. Findings from these investigations provide much previously unavailable information regarding the structure, internal organization, and preservation of remains within 19th-century …

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"A Free Church For The People": The History Of The Spring Street Church And Its Burial Vaults, Elizabeth D. Meade Jan 2014

"A Free Church For The People": The History Of The Spring Street Church And Its Burial Vaults, Elizabeth D. Meade

Northeast Historical Archaeology

The Spring Street Church was constructed in the early 19th century to accommodate worshipers in what was then the unsettled area north of the developed portion of New York City. Burial vaults were constructed alongside the church by circa 1820 and were in use for more than 20 years, when changing legislation regarding human burials in Manhattan forced the church to close the vaults. During the period of the vaults’ use, the Spring Street Church members participated in the Abolitionist movement and, as a result of the congregation's promotion of anti-slavery ideologies, the church was demolished by an angry mob …

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Introduction: Archaeological And Forensic Investigations Of An Abolitionist Church In New York City, Edward M. Morin Jan 2014

Introduction: Archaeological And Forensic Investigations Of An Abolitionist Church In New York City, Edward M. Morin

Northeast Historical Archaeology

While excavating the foundations for a planned condominium hotel complex in Manhattan, construction crews discovered human remains. The construction staff subsequently ceased excavation and notified the New York City Police Department and the Medical Examiner’s office. Project officials also notified the New York City Department of Buildings and the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission who requested all excavation be stopped in the vicinity of the remains. Ultimately, the Department of Buildings, the construction permitting agency, determined that all further construction activities be suspended pending the receipt and approval of an integrated work plan for the recovery, documentation and analysis …

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In Search Of Relics: The Pectol-Lee Collection Of Artifacts From Capitol Reef, Michelle R. Munsey, Dr. Marti Allen Jan 2014

In Search Of Relics: The Pectol-Lee Collection Of Artifacts From Capitol Reef, Michelle R. Munsey, Dr. Marti Allen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

To curate an exhibit of leather goods, pottery and processed raw materials from ancient Puebloan cultures at the Museum of Peoples and Cultures (MPC). This exhibit was one discrete component of a larger umbrella project that included publishing a catalogue of the entire exhibit.

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