Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

"Are We Building Biking Solidarity": Gendered, Racial, And Spatial Barriers To Bicycling In Portland, Oregon, Kyla Jean Tompkins

Dissertations and Theses

Although Portland, Oregon is widely regarded as a "bike friendly" city, its bike equity remains in question. This thesis explores the barriers to biking that women and people of color face in Portland. This research uses feminist geography scholarship to understand how cycling spaces are unequal for marginalized cyclists. Using data from 28 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with infrequent and marginalized cyclists, I found that gender and race inequalities shape their barriers to biking. A hegemonic white, elite, and masculine bike culture controls the domination of cycling spaces. Women's gendered spatial inequalities are shaped by their childrearing demands, geography of fear, …

Research Models, Primo [Psu Library Catalog], And The First Year Experience, Kimberly Willson-St. Clair

Library Faculty and Staff Publications and Presentations

Research can be daunting for freshman who are challenged to gather scholarly information beyond Google for their research projects. Applying and blending two research models, ASE (Analyze, Search, Evaluate) with BEAM (Background, Exhibit, Argument, and Method), students can think critically about their topics and strategically search PRIMO for relevant results. This approach addresses several ACRL Framework threshold concepts, especially research as strategic exploration and scholarship as conversation. In this presentation, I will show how effective Primo can be for first year experience students especially in regards to discovering keywords, understanding and organizing citations, finding relevant scholarly resources, and discovering other …

Using Stories, Narratives, And Storytelling In Energy And Climate Change Research, Mithra Moezzi, Kathryn B. Janda, Sea Rotmann

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Energy and climate change research has been dominated by particular methods and approaches to defining and addressing problems, accomplished by gathering and analysing the corresponding forms of evidence. This special issue starts from the broad concepts of stories, narratives, and storytelling to go beyond these analytic conventions, approaching the intersection of nature, humanity, and technology in multiple ways, using lenses from social sciences, humanities, and practitioners’ perspectives. The contributors use stories as data objects to gather, analyse, and critique; stories as an approach to research an inquiry; narrative analysis as a way of crystallising arguments and assumptions; and storytelling as …

Holocaust, Memory, Second-Generation, And Conflict Resolution, Leslie O'Donoghue

Dissertations and Theses

Ten Jewish second-generation men and women from metro Portland, Oregon were interviewed regarding growing up in the aftermath of the Holocaust. The American-born participants ranged in age from fifty-one to sixty-four years of age at the time of the interviews. Though the parents were deceased at the time of this study the working definition of a Holocaust survivor parent included those individuals who had been refugees or interned in a ghetto, labor camp, concentration camp, or extermination camp as a direct result of the Nazi Regime in Europe from 1933 to 1945.

A descriptive phenomenological approach was utilized. Eight open-ended …

Trade-Offs: The Production Of Sustainability In Households, Kirstin Marie Elizabeth Munro

Dissertations and Theses

Over the past half-century, environmental problems have become increasingly serious and seemingly intractable, and a careless, clueless, or contemptuous consumer is often portrayed as the root cause of this environmental decline. This study takes a different approach to evaluating the demand for resources by households, assessing possible pro-environmental paths forward through a study of highly ecologically-conscious households. By modeling "green" households as producers of sustainability rather than consumers of environmental products, the sustainability work that takes place in households is brought into focus. An investigation of household sustainability production makes possible the evaluation of the trade-offs inherent in these pro-environmental …

Materialist And Causal Bridges Over The Explanatory Gap, Celine Geday

Anthós

The explanatory gap about the subjective nature of conscious experience is the gap in explanation between conscious experience, and available scientific explanations of conscious experience. The explanatory gap is, as Joseph Levine states, the problem that physicalism (or the physical sciences) has in describing mental terms and experiences.7 Thomas Nagel also describes the explanatory gap problem as the problem of explaining the subjective in objective terms. He states that the subjective viewpoint of the individual is inherently at odds with an objective, or physical explanation.8 Describing someone’s experience of the redness of red, for example, by describing the neural mechanisms …

Privatizing The Second Gender: The Origins Of Private Property And Its Relation To Female Sexual Enslavement In The Capitalist Economy, Van Thao Tran

Anthós

With this inquiry, I seek to establish that the privatization of women as property not only originates from but also propagates the creation of private property as is theorized by Thorstein Veblen – and, through both Veblen’s and Friedrich Engel’s research, we can entail that the erosion of women’s agency and ownership is enforced during the early sedentary stages of human development. Throughout the course of history, women’s barbaric status as war loot has evolved into a more insidious institution of naturalized slavery and sexual encumbrance through the adoption of John Locke’s natural rights philosophy into the businessman’s practice, the …

Unearthing Childhood: The Archeology Of Children In North America, Christine S A Vigeant

Anthós

The Archaeology of Childhood is a relatively recent focus of archaeological inquiry. An interest in prehistoric childhood comes on the heels of and as a necessary extension of feminist archaeology (Baxter 2008). Archaeological research in the past has largely ignored prehistoric children, or considered them only in the context of site formation processes or child burials (Schwartzman 2006). This neglect of prehistoric children was due to a belief that children were invisible in the archaeological record, because of their unpredictable behavior and their inactivity in the world of adults. They were thought to be passive participants rather than active influencers …

Social Constructions Of Childhood: From Not-Yet-Adults To People In Their Own Right, Sophia K. Biddle

Anthós

Across the globe it is clear that children are a marginalized group. Children are not allowed to vote or be taken seriously in political circles (Sharpe, 2015), are kept away from public spaces (Valentine 2004), navigate inhospitable working conditions (Gamlin et. al., 2015), and are rapidly losing the time and space to foster their own child culture (Woolley and Griffin, 2014). Adults continue to institutionalize children’s play and restrict children’s access to public space. This serves to reinforce children’s position as second-class citizens. A mounting body of work shows that children are suffering in their physical and social development due …

What Is The Nature Of The Conflict Experienced By Japanese Workers In International Companies Based In Japan And What Type Of Conflict Management Do They Access?, Tomoko Shinohara Le

Dissertations and Theses

The aim of this thesis was to identify and analyze workplace conflict by enquiring into the nature of conflict, conflict management, and human resources (HR) strategies for conflict management in international companies based in Japan (ICBIJ). This study explores one part of a conflict system comprising cultural issues, HR strategies, conflict, and its effect on retention. The research question is "What is the nature of the conflict experienced by Japanese workers in international companies based in Japan and what type of conflict management do they access?" 16 Japanese workers were surveyed yielding qualitative and qualitative data. Findings indicate that workplace …

Tod Beats Tad In Affordability Showdown, Brenda Scheer

TREC Project Briefs

A research project compares transportation affordability between transitoriented development (TOD) and transit-adjacent development (TAD).

How Does Transportation Affordability Vary Among Tods, Tads, And Other Areas?, Brenda Scheer, Reid Ewing, Keunhyun Park, Shabnam Sifat Ara Khan

TREC Final Reports

Transit-oriented development (TOD) has gained popularity worldwide as a sustainable form of urbanism; it concentrates development near a transit station so as to reduce auto-dependency and increase ridership. Existing travel behavior studies in the context of TOD, however, are limited in terms of small sample size, inconsistent TOD classification methods, and failure to control for residential self-selection. Thus, this study has three research questions. First, how can we distinguish between Transit-oriented development (TOD) and Transit-adjacent development (TAD)? Second, how do travel behaviors vary between TODs and TADs? Third, how does transportation affordability vary between TODs and TADs? This study utilizes …

Changing Attitudes Toward Sustainable Transportation: The Impact Of Meta-Arguments On Persuasion, David M. Sanbonmatsu, David L. Strayer

TREC Final Reports

An experiment tested the effects of both communications about the functions of an attitude and communications about the functions of an attitude object on persuasion. Participants received a conventional message about the benefits of public transportation, a message about the benefits of positive public transportation attitudes, or a control message. Meta-arguments about the functions of attitudes led to more favorable evaluations and stronger intentions to use public transportation. These effects were moderated by the political and environmental orientation of participants. Surprisingly, the conventional message was not persuasive. The research is novel in showing that the communication of the functions of …

Ethnographic And Archaeological Perspectives On The Use Life Of Northwest Alaskan Pottery (Chapter 7), Shelby Anderson

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Chapter 7. The role of pottery in Arctic hunter-gatherer lifeways is analyzed through this investigation of how pottery procurement, production, use, and discard was incorporated into past hunter-gatherer seasonal activities. This case study highlights the complexity of making pottery at northern latitudes and the time investment, technological skill, and resources required of northern potters to resolve these challenges; mobility and environmental constraints unique to northern Alaska shape the character, production, and use of ceramic vessels.

Evaluative Criteria For Autoethnographic Research: Who’S To Judge? (Chapter 15), Robert Schroeder

Library Faculty and Staff Publications and Presentations

This chapter is a exploration of autoethnography and shows how entrenched positivist assumptions are in our field. The chapter includes a reflection of the author's own experiences with research and to connect them in ways to my academic library community.

Data From: Diversity Of Acrl Publications, Editorial Board Demographics: A Report From Acrl’S Publications Coordinating Committee, Association Of College & Research Libraries Publications Coordinating Committee

Library Faculty and Staff Publications and Presentations

This data includes a .pdf file from survey responses. This study, conducted in 2016 by the Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL) Publications Coordinating Committee (PCC), surveyed demographics of ACRL publications' editorial board members. It recorded age, gender, race/ethnicity, geographic location, professional affiliation, institutional affiliation type, length of experience in the profession, faculty status, tenure status, and years experience on an editorial board. The data includes 63 responses--a 73% response rate. The findings reveal that, compared to the profession overall, both people of color and academic librarians serving at community, junior, and technical colleges are underrepresented on editorial boards. …

The Geography Of Glaciers And Perennial Snowfields In The American West, Andrew G. Fountain, Bryce Glenn, Hassan J. Basagic

Geology Faculty Publications and Presentations

A comprehensive mid-20th century inventory of glaciers and perennial snowfields (G&PS) was compiled for the American West, west of the 100° meridian. The inventory was derived from U.S. Geological Survey 1:24,000 topographic maps based on aerial photographs acquired during 35 years, 1955–1990, of which the first 20 years or more was a cool period with little glacier change. The mapped features were filtered for those greater than 0.01 km². Results show that 5036 G&PS (672 km², 14 km³) populate eight states, of which about 1276 (554 km^2, 12 km³) are glaciers. …

Economic And Behavioral Drivers Of Herbicide Resistance Management In The U.S., Huichun Sun, Terrance M. Hurley, Katherine Dentzman, David E. Ervin, Wesley Everman, George Frisvold, Jeffrey Gunsolus, Raymond Jussaume, Jason Norsworthy, Micheal Owen

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Weeds invade farms, grow and reproduce aggressively. For more than half a century, the primary tool used by farmers to control weeds has been herbicides, but the effectiveness of herbicides is declining due to herbicide resistance. An option available for farmers to better balance weed control and herbicide resistance is to adopt resistance management practices. However, the adoption of resistance management has been low. This study aims to explore the impact of economic and behavioral factors on a farmer’s choice over chemical, cultural and mechanical tactics of weed control. I use multivariate regression analysis and a unique U.S. farm-level weed …

Increasing Youths' Participation In Team-Based Treatment Planning: The Achieve My Plan Enhancement For Wraparound, Janet S. Walker, Celeste L. Seibel, Sharice Jackson

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

Wraparound is a frequently implemented approach for providing individualized, community-based care for children and adolescents with serious mental health conditions and, typically, involvement in multiple child—and family-serving systems. Both Wraparound’s principles and its theory of change stress the importance of youths’ active participation throughout. However, research focusing on the experiences of youth in Wraparound indicates that they are often not particularly engaged in the process or participating actively with their teams, and the findings point to a lack of alliance between the young people and their teams. This article describes a randomized study testing the Achieve My Plan (AMP) enhancement …

Peer Mentoring For Undergraduates In A Research-Focused Diversity Initiative, Thomas E. Keller, Kay Logan, Jennifer Lindwall, Caitlyn Beals

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

To provide multi-dimensional support for undergraduates from traditionally underrepresented backgrounds who aspire to careers in research, the BUILD EXITO project, part of a major NIH-funded diversity initiative, matches each scholar with three mentors: peer mentor (advanced student), career mentor (faculty adviser), and research mentor (research project supervisor). After describing the aims of the diversity initiative, the institutional context of the BUILD EXITO project, and the training program model, this article devotes special attention to the rationale for and implementation of the peer mentoring component within the context of the multi-faceted mentoring model.

Planning And Designing The Improving Addiction Care Team (Impact) For Hospitalized Adults With Substance Use Disorder, Honora Englander, Melissa B. Weimer, Rachel Solotaroff, Christina Nicolaidis, Benjamin Chan, Christine M. Velez, Alison Noice, Tim Hartnett, Ed Blackburn, Pen Barnes, P. Todd Korthuis

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

People with substance use disorders (SUD) have high rates of hospitalization and readmission, long lengths of stay, and skyrocketing healthcare costs. Yet, models for improving care are extremely limited. We performed a needs assessment and then convened academic and community partners, including a hospital, community SUD organizations, and Medicaid accountable care organizations, to design a care model for medically complex hospitalized patients with SUD. Needs assessment showed that 58% to 67% of participants who reported active substance use said they were interested in cutting back or quitting. Many reported interest in medication for addiction treatment (MAT). Participants had high rates …

Knowing Nature In The City: Comparative Analysis Of Knowledge Systems Challenges Along The 'Eco-Techno' Spectrum Of Green Infrastructure In Portland & Baltimore, Annie Marissa Matsler

Dissertations and Theses

Green infrastructure development is desired in many municipalities because of its potential to address pressing environmental and social issues. However, despite technical optimism, institutional challenges create significant barriers to effective green infrastructure design, implementation, and maintenance. Institutional challenges stem from the disparate scales and facility types that make up the concept of green infrastructure, which span from large-scale natural areas to small engineered bioswales. Across these disparate facilities 1) different performance metrics are used, 2) different institutions have jurisdiction, and, 3) facility types are differentially classified as assets, producing epistemological and ontological variegation across the spectrum of green infrastructure that …

Rogue Disposal & Recycling Simplified Refuse Rate Index: Technical Report, Peter Hulseman, Emma Willingham, Peter Whitehead, Northwest Economic Research Center

Northwest Economic Research Center Publications and Reports

As regulated franchises, waste management services are required to have all rate adjustments approved by local governing bodies. This typically involves supporting the requested adjustment with financial and operational data. The cost-intensive nature of this process limits its frequency. Many jurisdictions conduct a formal review every five years, with interim rates set using a proxy for marginal cost changes, typically an index such as the Consumer Price Index (CPI)1. Rogue Disposal & Recycling (RDR) is governed in such a way in several of the jurisdictions it serves. The central reason for this report is that the CPI has not proven …

Webinar: Land Use Mix And Pedestrian Travel Behavior: Advancements In Conceptualization And Measurement, Steven R. Gehrke

TREC Webinar Series

Smart growth policies have often emphasized the importance of land use mix as an intervention beholding of lasting urban planning and public health benefits. Past transportation-land use research has identified potential efficiency gains achieved by mixed-use neighborhoods and the subsequent shortening of trip lengths; whereas, public health research has accredited increased land use mixing as an effective policy for facilitating greater physical activity.

However, despite the celebrated transportation, land use, and health benefits of improved land use mixing and the extent of topical attention, no consensus has been reached regarding the conceptualization and measurement of this key smart growth principle …

Paradigms & Possibilities Of Incarceration-Related Records, Rhiannon M. Cates

Library Faculty and Staff Publications and Presentations

Founded and directed by activist Carole Pope (1944-2013), Our New Beginnings was a non-profit residential transitional and alternative sentencing program for women navigating corrections and criminal justice in Portland, Oregon that operated from 1980 to 1992. During this time, the program served over 3,000 women and their children at a non-recidivism rate of 84%. Through Our New Beginnings, Pope also worked with the Portia Project and Project Link-Up, two Oregon non-profit programs dedicated to connecting women in prison with legal and custodial support and services.

Recently donated to Portland State University Library Special Collections & University Archives, this multimedia collection …

Newspaper Construction Of Homelessness In Western United States Cities, Charlie Allan Sheese

Dissertations and Theses

The paths to homelessness are complex and attributable to a combination of structural issues associated with poverty that can magnify personal vulnerabilities. However, as homelessness became more prominent in news media during the 1980s, media discourse increasingly focused on personal characteristics within the homeless population which cast people as personally responsible for their plight. Simultaneously, media explanations for homelessness that called attention to structural conditions that contribute to homelessness decreased during the decade. Scholars explain this shift by situating it within the social and political climate of the time.

This study extends the line of research on homelessness in news …

Registering With Share, Talea Anderson

Northwest IR User Group

This lightning talk will describe recent activity surrounding SHARE—an open dataset supported by the Association of Research Libraries and the Center for Open Science. SHARE is working to aggregate metadata found in institutional and disciplinary repositories in order to improve discovery and access to scholarly research. This presentation will cover how to register a repository with SHARE, and will summarize projects recently undertaken as part of the SHARE Curation Associates program of 2016-2017.

The Dream Of Harvesting Is Alive In Portland: Harvesting Through Digital Commons, Ann Connolly

Northwest IR User Group

This summer bepress began its first foray into the world of harvesting content. We have access to more than 160 million objects from sources including PubMed, Elsevier’s ScienceDirect, Springer, IEEE, ArXiv, SSRN, RePEc, JSTOR, and many others. In early June we embarked on a pilot with several schools to harvest metadata for new faculty profiles within the Expert Gallery Suite, with plans to expand the scope of the feature over the coming year.

This talk will cover:

• A demonstration of the harvesting feature
• What we've learned from the pilot
• Plans for release and future improvements

Easier Author Identification, Joe Cera

Northwest IR User Group

This lightning talk would discuss our efforts to make it easier to identify authors and retrieve a full list of works in the repository. We rely on existing identifiers and standards resulting in no added costs and no new identifier systems. We are currently adding ISNI, VIAF, Library of Congress, and Institutional identifiers for each faculty member (where available). We have also added an indexed field in our Digital Commons instance to allow searching by those identifiers. The system can easily accommodate new identifiers and allows filtering that is not normally available in the Digital Commons search methods.

Integrating Docusign Into The Permissions Workflow, Amy D. Coughenour

Northwest IR User Group

This lightning talk will review the process of integrating the use of DocuSign for electronic signatures into the overall permissions workflow for institutional repositories. Subtopics include creating and using templates, routing to collection administrators and program managers, adjusting settings, prefilling forms, and processing the completed forms for the IR. Using an electronic process for permission forms saves time while increasing communication with creators and stakeholders.