Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Modeling Social Dynamics Through Coupling Mechanistic Models With Generative Artificial Intelligence, Navid Ghaffarzadegan, Ross Williams, Aritra Majumdar, Niyousha Hosseinichimeh

Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research

No abstract provided.

Draft State Legislation: "Cycle-Based Adoption Of The International Code Council’S Model Building And Energy Conservation Codes", Hailey M. Mattingly

Commonwealth Policy Papers

This draft state legislation crafted with nonprofit partners is created in order to update building codes across the Commonwealth of Kentucky with uniform professional standards also adopted by surrounding states which are provided by the ICC, in order to improve resilience to natural disasters. This bill draft is accompanied with a short brief published in the same volume.

Maximize “West End Opportunity” In America: Alternative Policy Options To Address Perceived Drawbacks Of Tax Increment Financing (Tif) & Opportunity Zones, Justin Avert, Samuel C Kessler

Commonwealth Policy Papers

In March 2021, the Kentucky General Assembly passed House Bill 321 (Acts Chapter 203) authorizing the creation of a tax increment finance (TIF) district within the West End of Louisville. Designed to spur community-wide economic development, it set up a public-private nonprofit partnership. Known as the West End Opportunity Partnership (WEOP), this 21-seat board include community representatives and has sole control over any fund disbursement. Funds can be used towards a broad array of investments including small business loans, financing affordable housing units, home improvements, etc.

Residents within the district have expressed opposition to the TIF, skepticism towards the board …

Crossing Schools, Language, And Migration Borders: The Experiences Of Latinx And Caribbean Emergent Multilingual Mothers In K-12 Public Schools, Michelle Angelo-Rocha

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Anti-immigrant sentiment and "English-only" ideologies have a significant impact on educational policies, practices, and processes. This includes parental engagement, the quality of education and life opportunities offered to immigrant children, and families’ well-being. The purpose of this study was to examine how Latinx and Caribbean mothers in Florida with various immigration statuses (i.e., undocumented, asylum seekers, refugees, international students, and mixed-status) and often with limited financial resources attempt to steward their children through the U.S. educational system. The research question was: How did emergent multilingual immigrant mothers experience the K-12 education system in Florida? The sub-question was: How did schools …

Analysis Of The Feasibility Of Universal Basic Income In Colombia: A Grounded Theory Study, Johanna S. Acuña Gómez, Wilson G. Jiménez-Barbosa, Juan S. Hernández Monsalve

The Qualitative Report

This paper shows the results of research conducted with the objective of knowing the perceptions of people in Colombia about the possibility of receiving a universal basic income, which does not exist thus far in the country. The research question was: how do the social perceptions of Colombians about receiving a UBI allow them to understand the possibilities of developing a public policy that guarantees it? A qualitative methodology of grounded theory was applied by conducting 37 in-depth interviews with adults of all socioeconomic levels, all educational levels and productive working age. The information obtained was coded. The resultant main …

Mathematical Modeling Of The Impact Of Lobbying On Climate Policy, Andrew Jacoby, Claire Hannah, James Hutchinson, Jasmine Narehood, Aditi Ghosh, Padmanabhan Seshaiyer

Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research

No abstract provided.

“Imagine Being Homophobic In 2022 In This Economy?!”: Bosniak, Croat, And Serb Perceptions Of Social Justice, Mehmet Yavuz

Peace and Conflict Studies Journal Conference

After the three-year war in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), Bosnia, Croatia, and Serbia finally signed the Dayton Peace Accords (DPA) in 1995, thereby ending one of Europe’s most violent conflicts. Although the DPA provided a significant opportunity for communities to construct a new state based on the rule of law, freedom, democracy, and human rights, it failed to create a united civic identity and a well-functioning state with strong democratic policies and the ability to protect people’s human rights. The new generation of youth face unemployment, exclusion, lack of educational opportunities, and poor economic and political conditions while they are …

Reconciling Women, Peace, And Security And Conflict Transformation Through Conflict Transformation Education In Afghan Refugee Communities, Ava Strasser

Peace and Conflict Studies Journal Conference

This research seeks to understand how conflict transformation can be furthered by the inclusion of women in peace processes, as affirmed by the Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) agenda, through engagement with Conflict Transformation Education (CTE). This intervention proposes a community-centered CTE workshop in Afghan refugee communities in Pakistan, following the efforts of displaced Afghan women in conducting community peace efforts, including running schools within and outside refugee camps and the provision of humanitarian aid (Rostami-Povey, 2007; “The Future,” 2021). As such, displaced Afghan women and girls have played a critical role in peace processes and are uniquely positioned at …

Public Perceptions And Legal Dimensions Of Juvenile Sexting, Corey Call

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

The sending of sexually explicit messages, or “sexting” has been recognized as a common practice among youths. As sexting may involve the creation and distribution of sexually explicit images and videos, juvenile sexters can be charged with offenses related to child pornography. This study examined public attitudes toward juvenile sexting and demographic influences on these views. Based on a quantitative survey of 1,023 U.S. adults, the majority of respondents (51.8%) disapproved of criminalization in cases of consensual sexting, but 80% supported legal repercussions for nonconsensual sharing. Respondents primarily favored educational interventions (67.4%) and restrictions on technology use (53.4%) over harsh …

Active Transportation Counts From Existing On-Street Signal And Detection Infrastructure, Sirisha Kothuri

PSU Transportation Seminars

The goal of agencies is to provide a safe and reliable multimodal transportation system that connects people and helps communities and economy thrive. In order to fulfill this mission, it is important to have a robust understanding of the usage of each mode within the system as well as the linkages between modes. Currently there is no systemic accounting of pedestrian traffic across the transportation network, making it difficult to understand systemic crash safety and prioritize projects. Analysts must rely on imperfect proxies such as land use density, race, income, and transit usage in the absence of measured pedestrian traffic …

What Is Peace For Victims? Understanding The Pitfall Of Liberal Peacebuilding In The Chittagong Hill Tracts From ‘Below’, Tareq Hossain Khan Mr

Peace and Conflict Studies Journal Conference

Title of the proposal: What is Peace for Victims? Understanding the Pitfall of Liberal Peacebuilding in the Chittagong Hill Tracts from ‘Below’

Liberal peace settlements are inherently vulnerable since almost 40 percent of ‘peace agreements’ turned into a war over the first decade (Collier, 2008: 105). It has produced a widespread debate on the benefits and approaches of liberal peace-building efforts today as the peace interventions violate central liberal peace-ideas such as adherence to the democratic procedure in decision-making. By posing a moral question of how an organization can promote liberal peace and implement the related practices without including the …

Rachel Carson's Silent Spring: Pioneering Environmental Policy Change, Katherine Hoffsetz

Sustainability Conference

Rachel Carson's groundbreaking book, Silent Spring, published in 1962, serves as a pivotal moment in the history of environmental advocacy. The book exposed the consequences of pesticide use on ecosystems and called for a reevaluation of human impact on the environment. This research project aims to comprehensively analyze the profound and enduring impact of Carson's work on environmental public policy. The research employs a literature review and analysis of legislation to trace the influence of Silent Spring on environmental advocacy in the government. A correlation is revealed between the release of Silent Spring and the enactment of key environmental …

Ai And The Issue Of Human-Centricity In Copyright Law, Arul George Scaria

Popular Media

This article urges Indian policymakers and courts to be cautious in extending existing IP protections to work generated by Artificial Intelligence. Reflecting on the concept of human-centricity in copyright law, it draws upon a recent US District Court judgement in Stephen Thaler v. Shira Perlmutter, which deals with the question of whether a work autonomously generated by AI should be copyrightable. It goes on to examine the Indian copyright regime in light of changing attitudes to AI regulation across the world.

Still A Good Investment: Charter School Productivity In Nine Cities, Alison H. Johnson, Josh B. Mcgee, Patrick J. Wolf, Jay F. May, Larry D. Maloney

School Choice Demonstration Project

Charter schools are public schools that operate free from some government regulations in return for a commitment to achieve a set of student outcomes specified in their charter. Nearly 8,000 public charter schools enrolled 3.7 million students in the U.S. in 2020-21. Our team has studied charter school funding across the United States since 2005, consistently finding that, in major cities, charter schools receive less funding per pupil compared to traditional public schools (TPS). We have also found that charter schools use their funding more efficiently, achieving better short- and long-term outcomes per dollar invested, relative to TPS.

Advanced Placement (Ap) & Concurrent Enrollment (Ce) Courses And College Outcomes, Sarah Mckenzie, Josh Mcgee, Rian R. Djita

Policy Briefs

For 20 years, Arkansas school districts have been required to provide access to advanced coursework through Advanced Placement (AP) and Concurrent Enrollment (CE) courses. Despite universal access, we find that enrollment in AP or CE courses still varies across students’ demographic groups. However, the findings also highlight improved postsecondary outcomes for several student groups.

The Role Of Ap & Concurrent Courses On Student Postsecondary Outcomes, Out-Of-State Choice, And College Selectivity, Rian R. Djita, Andy Parra-Martinez, Jonathan Wai, Sarah C. Mckenzie

Arkansas Education Reports

Literature on Advanced Placement (AP) and dual or concurrent enrollment (CE) courses shows that entry to and completion of these rigorous courses can increase students’ cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes. Issues of equity remain as White students and students from more affluent backgrounds tend to enroll in these courses at much higher rates than minoritized students and low-income students. Arkansas implemented a universal policy mandating all school districts provide access to AP and CE courses. Within this context, we investigate the relationship between enrollment in these courses and student postsecondary outcomes. Despite universal access, we find that enrollment in AP or …

Criminal Justice Update - November 2023, Delaney Rabenold

Criminal Justice Updates

The Criminal Justice Update is a monthly newsletter created by the Adams County Bar Foundation Fellow providing updates in criminal justice policy coming from Pennsylvania's courts and legislature as well as the US Supreme Court.

Contents:

• Updates from PA Governor's Office (no updates this month)
• Updates from the PA Legislature
• Updates from the Courts
• U.S. Supreme Court (no updates this month)
• PA Supreme Court
• PA Superior Court

Perceptions Of Childcare In Nonmetropolitan Nebraska, Rebecca J. Vogt, Heather Akin, Cheryl A. Burkhart-Kriesel, Bradley D. Lubben, L. J. Mcelravy, Timothy Meyer, Steven A. Schulz

Nebraska Rural Poll

Lack of childcare is an issue in many rural Nebraska communities. According to a report from Voices for Children, most counties in the state (91%) do not have enough available licensed childcare slots to meet the current demand there. Furthermore, 11 counties in the state have no licensed childcare facilities. Many communities are exploring options of how to address these shortages to maintain their current residents or to be able to attract new residents. Given these challenges, what types of childcare are rural Nebraskans currently using? How far do they drive to get to their childcare? And how do rural …

Reimagining Sustainable Urban Communities In Hong Kong, Jeroen Van Ameijde, Sifan Cheng, Junwei Li

Asian Management Insights

Using environmental and social urban design principles to create future new towns. Hong Kong began building New Towns in the 1970s in response to a post-war period of rapid population growth.

Behavioral Science Interventions Could Increase Snap Comprehension And Awareness Among Military Families, Colleen Heflin, Hannah Patnaik, Leonard M. Lopoo, Siobhan O'Keefe

Center for Policy Research

Food insecurity is more common among military families than the general population, and the transition from active service to civilian life is a time of heightened risk. The Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program (SNAP) is designed to support food security among low-income families. Many eligible military and veteran families do not enroll in SNAP due to a lack of information, stigma, and administrative barriers. This brief highlights findings from a survey experiment conducted in 2022 and 2023 to assess how small changes to SNAP informational flyers, such as simplifying information provided about SNAP, highlighting that other veterans use SNAP, and emphasizing …

Strategies For Culturally Safe Research With Native American Communities: An Integrative Review, Teresa Brockie, Kyle X. Hill, Patricia Davidson, Ellie Decker, Lydia Koh Krienke, Katie E. Nelson, Natalie Nicholson, Alicia M. Werk, Deborah Wilson, Deana Around Him

Indigenous Health Faculty Publications

Background: A history of unethical research and deficit-based paradigms have contributed to profound mistrust of research among Native Americans, serving as an important call to action. Lack of cultural safety in research with Native Americans limits integration of cultural and contextual knowledge that is valuable for understanding challenges and making progress toward sustainable change. Aim: To identify strategies for promoting cultural safety, accountability, and sustainability in research with Native American communities. Method: Using an integrative review approach, three distinct processes were carried out: (1) appraisal of peer-reviewed literature (Scopus, PubMed, and ProQuest), (2) review of grey literature (e.g. policy documents …

Comparison Of Ceneb And Cohyst Hydrologic Models Within A Common Domain In Central Nebraska, William R. Moak

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The Nebraska Department of Natural Resources (NDNR) has developed several hydrologic models to help effectively manage water resources in the state. These models guide water managers to allocate surface and groundwater supplies to a range of uses (irrigation, environmental protection, interstate water agreements) and evaluate the impacts of changes to the surface water-groundwater system (e.g., new wells, evolving recharge patterns). Two such models, the Central Nebraska (CENEB) model and the Cooperative Hydrology Study (COHYST) model cover north central and south central Nebraska, respectively, but the model domains overlap along a west-east strip between the Platte and Loup Rivers, enabling direct …

Spatial Data Management For Green Mobility, Christophe Claramunt, Christine Bassem, Demetrios Zeinalipour-Yazti, Baihua Zheng, Goce Trajcevski, Kristian Torp

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

While many countries are developing appropriate actions towards a greener future and moving towards adopting sustainable mobility activities, the real-time management and planning of innovative transportation facilities and services in urban environments still require the development of advanced mobile data management infrastructures. Novel green mobility solutions, such as electric, hybrid, solar and hydrogen vehicles, as well as public and gig-based transportation resources are very likely to reduce the carbon footprint. However, their successful implementation still needs efficient spatio-temporal data management resources and applications to provide a clear picture and demonstrate their effectiveness. This paper discusses the major data management challenges, …

The Rise Of Multi-Homing In Asia's Ride-Hailing Industry, Hai Wang

Asian Management Insights

Getting it right secures environmental and economic wins for the present and future.

Clinically Indicated Genomic Sequencing Of Children In Foster Care: Legal And Ethical Issues, Hadley Stevens Smith, Emily S Bonkowski, Madison R Hickingbotham, Stacey Pereira, Thomas May, Christi J Guerrini

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

There are approximately 400 000 children in foster care in the US, approximately one-half of whom have chronic health problems and approximately 10% of whom have complex healthcare needs. Given the increasing relevance of genomic sequencing to guide clinical care for children with rare, chronic, and undiagnosed conditions, it may be an important component of diagnostic evaluation for children in foster care. Clinically indicated genomic sequencing may provide information that has health implications for children in foster care, as well as for their biological parents and other relatives. Whether and how genomic sequencing results impact legal decision making and family …

Book Review It Takes An Ecosystem: Understanding The People, Places, And Possibilities Of Learning And Development Across Settings, Denise Montgomery

Journal of Youth Development

It Takes an Ecosystem: Understanding the People, Places, and Possibilities of Learning and Development Across Settings, edited by Thomas Akiva and Kimberly H. Robinson, is a call to take a holistic and dynamic ecosystem approach to thinking about, designing, developing, and investing in the allied youth fields to more equitably and effectively support young people’s learning and development. Published in 2022, the volume outlines a vision for out-of-school time programs and systems, schools, community-based organizations, and the public sector to move beyond focusing separately on individual systems to a learning and development ecosystem approach that more accurately and inclusively reflects …

Examining The Externalities Of Highway Capacity Expansions In California: An Analysis Of Land Use And Land Cover (Lulc) Using Remote Sensing Technology, Serena E. Alexander, Bo Yang, Owen Hussey, Derek Hicks

Mineta Transportation Institute

There are over 590,000 bridges dispersed across the roadway network that stretches across the United States alone. Each bridge with a length of 20 feet or greater must be inspected at least once every 24 months, according to the Federal Highway Act (FHWA) of 1968. This research developed an artificial intelligence (AI)-based framework for bridge and road inspection using drones with multiple sensors collecting capabilities. It is not sufficient to conduct inspections of bridges and roads using cameras alone, so the research team utilized an infrared (IR) camera along with a high-resolution optical camera. In many instances, the IR camera …

Advocacy Spotlight: Important: State Issues Changes To Delegation Of Duties Rules, Neema Katibai Jd

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

The Michigan Board of Dentistry has introduced changes to the rules governing the delegation of duties to dental auxiliaries, including the reclassification of "dental assistants" (those not formally trained or licensed) as "unregistered dental auxiliaries" (UDAs). The classification Registered Dental Assistant (RDA) remains. Changes involve the supervision levels for specific tasks and guiding training UDAs for orthodontic duties. Notable changes include allowing UDAs to perform certain orthodontic tasks and expanding their scope of work to include duties such as taking impressions, polishing, and providing nutritional counseling. Dental professionals should know these changes and the supervision required for delegation to UDAs …

Balancing Energy Consumption, Economic Growth, And Emission Reduction In Asean Nations: Insights Into The Green Energy Transition, King Harold A. Recto, Romano Q. Neyra, Rex Paolo C. Gamara

Electronics, Computer, and Communications Engineering Faculty Publications

As the global pandemic recedes, economic activities around the world are resuming. However, this action has also impacted various facets of the society, particularly energy use, economic expansion, and pollution control. While numerous studies have investigated this issue, they have predominantly focused on the global level, with an emphasis on industrialized nations. Naturally, this backdrop is much different from Southeast Asia. In this study, the mathematical relationships between energy consumption, economic growth, and emission reduction were determined using regression modelling of the World Energy Council (WEC) trilemma scores of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) members, as well as …

J Mich Dent Assoc November 2023

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Every month, The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association brings news, information, and features about Michigan dentistry to our state's oral health community and the MDA's 6,200+ members. No publication reaches more Michigan dentists!

In this issue, the reader will find the following original content:

• A cover story on The University of Michigan's Gordon H. Sindecuse Museum of Dentistry.
• News you need, Editorial and regular department articles on MDA Foundation activities, Dentistry and the Law, Staff Matters, and component news.

This issue also includes two articles reprinted with permission.

• A feature from Ontario Dentist on The Challenge of False Belief: …