Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Evaluating The Client Base And Housing Outcomes Of A Community Based Organization Serving Unhoused Adults, Emi Caprio

Doctoral Dissertations

There is a well-documented, bidirectional relationship between mental health and housing instability. When coupled with the complex historical, societal, and political factors contributing to houselessness, the result is a unique set of mental health needs within this community. Despite this, there is a low rate of mental health service utilization and a dearth of research on how to tailor services to meet the needs of unhoused individuals. Additionally, first-hand perspectives are often omitted, as this population is seen as “hard to reach”. The goal of this two-phase mixed-methods program evaluation was to better understand the demographic and mental health profiles …

Financing Just Energy Transitions In Southeast Asia: Application Of The Just Transition Transaction To Indonesia, Vietnam, And Philippines, Abhinav Jindal, Gireesh Shrimali, Bharat Gangwani, Rajiv B. Lall

Sim Kee Boon Institute for Financial Economics

This paper investigates the applicability of the Just Transition Transaction (JTT), initially developed as a financial mechanism for South Africa's energy transition, to Southeast Asian (SEA) countries, including Indonesia, Vietnam, and the Philippines, which heavily rely on coal. Utilizing South Africa as a reference case study, we deconstruct the JTT and develop a novel framework of necessary and conducive features for evaluating its suitability for supporting a just energy transition in SEA. Our findings suggest that the JTT is well-suited for Indonesia and Vietnam but not as well suited for the Philippines. Recommendations for specific research avenues in estimating baselines …

Anopas: Practical Anonymous Transit Pass From Group Signatures With Time-Bound Keys, Rui Shi, Yang Yang, Yingjiu Li, Huamin Feng, Hwee Hwa Pang, Robert H. Deng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

An anonymous transit pass system allows passengers to access transport services within fixed time periods, with their privileges automatically deactivating upon time expiration. Although existing transit pass systems are deployable on powerful devices like PCs, their adaptation to more user-friendly devices, such as mobile phones with smart cards, is inefficient due to their reliance on heavy-weight operations like bilinear maps. In this paper, we introduce an innovative anonymous transit pass system, dubbed Anopas, optimized for deployment on mobile phones with smart cards, where the smart card is responsible for crucial lightweight operations and the mobile phone handles key-independent and time-consuming …

Disparities Surrounding The Availability Of Feminine Hygiene Products In The Workplace, Marlene Ventura

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

Menstrual inequality in the workplace continues to exist, affecting financial welfare, mental health, physical health, and access to care. Women have been enduring disparities related to menstruation, including stigma, shame, and period poverty, which are often exacerbated in the workplace. This study aims to explore the experiences of women who do not have access to free feminine hygiene products in the workplace.

The researcher conducted one-to-one interviews in person with employed women (n=9). The questions were semi-structured and based on a survey with nineteen questions addressing areas of menstrual inequality in the workplace. Seven themes were identified: 1) work performance, …

Defending An Achilles’ Heel: Evolving Warfare In The Philippines, 1941–1945, William T. Eliason

Joint Force Quarterly

The Pacific War during World War II provided valuable lessons in military strategy and the importance of unconventional warfare. Japan’s aggressive expansion in the 1930s and 1940s left to a major conflict with the United States over control of the Philippine Islands. Japan’s advancements in naval technology, including the largest battleships and superior night combat tactics, allowed them to invade the Philippines in December 1941. Filipino resistance against Japanese occupation grew, with various local groups using guerilla warfare tactics to fight back. These resistance movements played a crucial role in opposing Japanese forces. Intelligence operations were also vital. U.S. submarines …

The New Makers Of Modern Strategy, William T. Eliason

Joint Force Quarterly

This book offers 45 essays that explore the evolution of strategic thinking from ancient times to today. The book is divided into five sections, each covering a different historical period. This volume brings together military history, political science, and international relations to discuss key strategic ideas and figures, from early strategic thinkers to modern-day challenges like nuclear strategy. It focuses on the importance of nation-states and their ongoing competition. It emphasizes the lasting importance of strategic thinking. The book provides valuable insights for today’s policymakers and strategists.

Seeking The Bomb, William T. Eliason

Joint Force Quarterly

This book is a collection of essays by leading defense theorists, exploring warfare's future due to recent conflicts and technological advancements. The book is divided into four topics: the impact of the Russia-Ukraine war, future war landscapes, military innovation, and the nature of future conflicts. Authors tackle questions about war’s nature and the evolving character of warfare. This highlights the necessity of broad, interdisciplinary thinking to grasp the complex and changing nature of war.

Beyond Ukraine, William T. Eliason

Joint Force Quarterly

This book is a collection of essays by leading defense theorists, exploring warfare's future due to recent conflicts and technological advancements. The book is divided into four topics: the impact of the Russia-Ukraine war, future war landscapes, military innovation, and the nature of future conflicts. Authors tackle questions about war’s nature and the evolving character of warfare. This highlights the necessity of broad, interdisciplinary thinking to grasp the complex and changing nature of war.

Commander’S Critical Information Requirements: Crucial For Decisionmaking And Joint Synchronization, William T. Eliason

Joint Force Quarterly

Effective decision-making in modern joint military operations demands timely access to critical information. Commander’s Critical Information Requirements (CCIRs) address this challenge by identifying and prioritizing essential information for operational decisions. This article proposes enhancing CCIR development aligned with decision points across planning horizons using a backward-planning methodology supported by tools like the Decision Support Matrix (DSM). It also explores integrating CCIRs within the intelligence collection and analysis cycle to align intelligence efforts with operational goals across Joint Planning Process (JPP) phases. This article aims to strengthen decision-making processes and enhance operational outcomes in joint military operations.

Mission (Command) Complete: Implications Of Jadc2, William T. Eliason

Joint Force Quarterly

Command and control (C2) is crucial in military operations, guiding how authority directs missions. As warfare evolves with AI, hypersonic weapons, and autonomous platforms, the U.S. military is advancing its Joint All-Domain Command and Control (JADC) initiatives. This effort aims to unify military networks for better decision-making. This article explores challenges in adapting Joint C2 networks for JADC2. It compares new technologies with current military practices, highlighting where changes are needed. Key areas include strategic planning, tactical operations, and how JADC2 affects mission command. Recommendations focus on improving readiness for future conflicts by enhancing interoperability and decision-making across military branches.

The Ppwt And Ongoing Challenges To Arms Control In Space, William T. Eliason

Joint Force Quarterly

On January 11, 2007, China tested an anti-satellite (ASAT) missile, destroying a weather satellite and creating about 35,000 pieces of orbital debris, the largest debris event in history. This highlighted the vulnerability of space assets and the need for effective space arms control. Despite proposals like the 2008 PPWT by China and Russia, effective agreements are hindered by verification challenges and diverse ASAT technologies. The 2014 EU Code of Conduct failed to gain consensus. The 2022 U.S. ban on direct-ascent ASAT tests is a positive step but doesn’t address all threats. The UN’s guidelines for the Long-Term Sustainability of Outer …

The Other Arctic: Competition, Cooperation, Or Coexistence?, William T. Eliason

Joint Force Quarterly

Scientific and technical exchanges in Antartica foster interpersonal relationships, reduce hostility, and open diplomatic avenues. By engaging in joint scientific efforts with China, the U.S. can ensure transparency and peaceful operations, bolstering national interests and the Antarctic Treaty System (ATS). The U.S. is advancing nuclear energy solutions with Project Pele, a modular microreactor set to launch in 2025 to meet future Department of Defense (DoD) energy needs. Drawing on past strategies, revitalizing large-scale electrical generation capacities through nuclear power offers a sustainable, high-density energy source essential for military operations and global energy demands. This approach supports expeditionary forces, disaster relief …

A Qualitative Descriptive Study Of Therapists And Their Work With Socially Isolated Female Victims Of Sexual Violence Amid The Covid-19 Pandemic, Iris Lazette Saldivar

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to assess the experiences of therapists and the descriptions of their navigation processes while working with female victims of sexual violence who were socially isolated during the COVID-19 pandemic in the state of Texas. The theory that guided this study was the theoretical framework of loneliness, social isolation, and associated health outcomes. The research study focuses on two research questions that sought to examine the experiences and navigation of virtual treatment of therapists who provided counseling during the COVID-19 pandemic from March 2020 to March 2022. This study sought to find a …

Meals For All: An Examination Of The Effects Of Free School Meals On Middle Class Households, Ryan Elizabeth Comerford

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Universal meal programs were created to mitigate childhood food insecurity in low-income communities. It is well known that poverty and food insecurity go hand-in-hand and are often the basis for much academic research within the realm of childhood food insecurity. This study investigates the impact of universal meal programs on food insecurity from a different perspective, that of the middle class. As an under-researched area, the hope is to draw attention to the needs of communities that are often forgotten and may not qualify for social programs, in an effort to reform existing federal policy regarding Universal Meal programs. Utilizing …

Evangelicals As Zionists And Peacemakers In Arab And Israeli Peacemaking Through Track Ii Diplomacy, Johnnie Moore

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

This qualitative study contributes to the literature at the intersection of religion and foreign policy by focusing on one of the modern era's most protracted and relevant foreign policy issues (the conflict between Israelis and Arabs), the influence of one of America’s most powerful religious constituencies (evangelicals), and one of the most widely used tools of non- governmental diplomacy (Track II diplomacy). It provides original research related to the relevancy of Track II diplomacy by evangelicals, specifically pro-Israel or “Zionist” evangelicals, in Israeli and Arab peacemaking. The study analyzes three relevant case studies to answer the research question: “How are …

Development Of A Serious Game As A Natural Hazard Planning Decision Support Tool, Jody A. Thompson

The Journal of Extension

As coastal populations grow, so does the exposure to natural hazards such as hurricanes and flooding, creating the potential for increased social and economic disasters. The literature indicates coastal residents remain complacent when planning before, during, and after an event. There is a growing successful use of serious games in natural resources planning, and a growth in the use of digital and electronic games. We developed the serious digital game Plan for It! in response to identified needs and to capitalize on the public’s familiarity with gamification and digital gaming.

Dod’S Need For A Transportable Energy Solution: The Promise Of Nuclear Power, William T. Eliason

Joint Force Quarterly

Following Hurricane Maria in 2017, the Federal Government’s use of diesel generators exposed the limitations of renewable energy for large-scale operational needs of the Department of Defense (DoD). Solar and wind are impractical and costly for such demands, and green and synthetic fuels face significant supply chain challenges unless produced on-site. Transportable nuclear reactors, proven effective by the Navy, can produce large quantities of synthetic fuel and reduce reliance on vulnerable supply chains. Expanding the DoD’s nuclear capabilities offers reliable, transportable energy, enhancing military logistics, reducing costs, and supporting emissions reduction efforts.

Supporting People With Policy And Platforms: The Key To Acquisition Reform, William T. Eliason

Joint Force Quarterly

In the evolving landscape of AI and dual-use technologies, the DoD faces challenges in managing intellectual property (IP) and adapting acquisition strategies. Ellen Lord’s Software Acquisition Pathway highlights how commercial practices can advance DoD strategies through iterative development and collaboration. Flexible funding supports dynamic software projects. Training improvements aim to enhance skills with a focus on hands-on learning. The Senior Service College Fellowship (SSCF) and Acquisition Instructor Course offer immersive training for leaders at different career stages. Internationally, the UK’S 2009 Gray Report emphasizes significant investments in acquisition training. To respond effectively to evolving threats, the DoD must reform acquisition …

Implementing The Chairman’S Guidance On Experiential Learning In Pme Classrooms, William T. Eliason

Joint Force Quarterly

Professional Military Education (PME) faces the challenge of teaching timeless military strategy principles while addressing contemporary strategic needs. To address this, the article proposes a three-part simulated negotiation exercise, to be completed over two class sessions, focusing on trilateral nuclear arms control talks involving the United States, China, and Russia. Students are pre-assigned to delegations, provided with strategic readings, and instructed on their state’s negotiation goals. This simulation enhances understanding of major power competition, strategic communication, and international diplomacy, providing hands-on experience in balancing national priorities within a competitive geopolitical environment.

2040 Vision: Designing Uk Defence For Advantage In A Competitive Age, William T. Eliason

Joint Force Quarterly

The UK has emerged as a leader in concept and force design. Existing research highlights the importance of developing capstone concepts to modernize military strategies and define future Defence requirements. This article articulates the steps UK Defence must take to maintain a national advantage through 2040. This analysis reveals that UK Defence must adopt a proactive, collaborative, and relentless mindset to remain competitive. There is a strong emphasis on continuous adaptation, organizational agility, and strategic integration of less visible but critical capabilities. The article emphasizes the importance of aligning UK and U.S. military strategies to maintain a competitive edge in …

Breaking The Shield: Countering Drone Defenses, William T. Eliason

Joint Force Quarterly

The article begins with an overview of drone defenses, with an emphasis on how they operate, and the trade-offs involved. The article then looks at countermeasures to drone defenses, surveying 11 different approaches to breaking the drone shield. The emphasis is on an overview to understand the scope of the possibilities and the potential trade-offs associated with each approach. Countering drone defenses depends entirely on which ones are employed and prove most effective, so the value of specific counter-countermeasures will change over time. We next present policy recommendations that emphasize understanding adversary drone defenses; developing, assessing, and fielding counter-countermeasure approaches …

Joint Force Quarterly, Issue 113, 2nd Quarter 2024, William T. Eliason

Joint Force Quarterly

FQ is certainly the Chairman’s journal, but it exists solely to give voice to you and your ideas on the joint force, jointness in general, and how best to fight and win our Nation’s wars and secure the peace. For over 30 years, the best and brightest among us have sustained the dialogue within these pages, whether physical or virtual. Help us continue this great tradition by sending us your articles and adding to the growing body of knowledge that is Joint Force Quarterly.

"Study, Not Doctrine: Prioritizing History In Jpme, William T. Eliason

Joint Force Quarterly

The article explores the unpredictable and uncertain nature of war, arguing that understanding war requires a descriptive rather than a predictive approach. Strategic forecasting often fails, and the true nature of war is often only clear in hindsight. By examining historical conflicts, we can anticipate challenges in future wars. The article seeks to determine the best way to study war to enhance the strategic judgement of future leaders. It emphasizes the importance of a long-term perspective, focusing on the evolving character of war rather than its unchanging nature. A history-led approach can create a foundation for future military strategies.

Getting The Best Out Of Joint Warfighter Development, William T. Eliason

Joint Force Quarterly

The article explores whether the Department of Defense (DoD) is producing optimal joint warfighters for U.S. military operations. Joint warfighting, crucial for conducting effective joint operations, requires leaders with a joint mindset. The development of skilled joint warfighters hinges on three key elements: balanced Service representation, experienced faculty, and a rigorous curriculum. The Joint Advanced Warfighting School (JAWS) at the National Defense University exemplifies this integration, emphasizing proportional Service representation, faculty with extensive joint experience, and practical exercises to foster collaboration and interdependence. The article stresses the increasing need for joint warfighters capable of planning and executing complex, multidomain operations.

Book Review: Age Of Danger: Keeping America Safe In An Era Of New Superpowers, New Weapons, And New Threats, John A. Nagl

Parameters Bookshelf – Online Book Reviews

Authors: Andrew Hoehn and Thom Shanker

Reviewed by Dr. John A. Nagl, professor of warfighting studies, Department of Military Strategy, Planning, and Operations, US Army War College

Dr. John A. Nagl overviews Andrew Hoehn and Thom Shanker’s contributions with their recent book, Age of Danger, which is “well worth readers’ attention.” Nagl describes Hoehn and Shanker’s emphasis on the importance and relationship between the US intelligence community and the US Department of Defense. His review also focuses on the US relationship with China and Russia, the latter of which is featured as “[t]he acute threat” in what Nagl calls …

Book Review: Cold Rivals: The New Era Of Us-China Strategic Competition, Jeffrey Reeves

Parameters Bookshelf – Online Book Reviews

Editor: Evan S. Medeiros

Reviewed by Dr. Jeffrey Reeves, associate professor, Naval War College, Naval Postgraduate School

Naval War College associate professor Dr. Jeffrey Reeves provides a thoughtful critique of this anthology on relations between the United States and China. After a brief note on US-Chinese relations during the Trump and Biden-Harris administrations, Reeves offers suggestions for further reading and implies that the book, while providing a “historical account of US-China relations and [chronicling] its evolution,” is not unique in its contributions compared to similar literature, though he does praise two chapters on economics and technology that “stand out.”

Book Review: The Decline And Fall Of Republican Afghanistan, Whitney Grespin

Parameters Bookshelf – Online Book Reviews

Authors: Ahmad Shuja Jamal and William Maley

Reviewed by Dr. Whitney Grespin, visiting research fellow, King's College London, UK Defence Academy; non-resident fellow, Joint Special Operations University; and Africa Regional Program Lead, DSCA/DSCU Institute for Security Governance

Foreign-policy expert Dr. Whitney Grespin reviews a “deservedly cutting reflection on mistakes made and lessons not learned during the Afghanistan War.” She notes the book’s “valuable perspective,” as one of the authors was in Kabul when it fell. Distilling the book’s contents into a detailed, useful overview, Grespin provides a helpful roadmap for readers interested in these topics and concludes the book is …

Risk Of Climate Damage In The Mountain West, 2024, Taylor Volk, Isabelle G. Graham, Ivan Sun, Zachary Billot, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Environment

This fact sheet examines 2024 data on the estimated annual cost per person of damage to infrastructure, agriculture, and population from climate related disasters for the five Mountain West states of Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah. The original report, “States at Greatest Risk of Climate Damage - 2024 Study,” by Jaclyn DeJohn and published by SmartAsset, includes data on climate disaster risk for all 50 states.

Book Review: The Hollow Crown: Shakespeare On How Leaders Rise, Rule, And Fall, Zachary Griffiths

Parameters Bookshelf – Online Book Reviews

Author: Eliot A. Cohen

Reviewed by Lieutenant Colonel Zachary Griffiths, special assistant, Office of the Chief of Staff of the Army

Lieutenant Colonel Zachary Griffiths provides an insightful review of Professor Eliot A. Cohen’s book on leadership lessons through the lens of William Shakespeare’s work, a method that “helps readers see common challenges in new ways.” Griffiths describes Cohen’s structural approach to the book—a blend of modern examples with Shakespearean counterparts—and writes that The Hollow Crown’s “effective structure allows chapters to stand on their own while remaining part of a cohesive whole.” Griffiths also notes that “[a] deep appreciation …

Property Taxes In Mountain West Cities, 2022, Annie Vong, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Housing & Real Estate

This fact sheet examines data on homestead, apartment building, and commercial property tax rates for five cities in the Mountain West: Phoenix, AZ; Denver, CO; Las Vegas, NV; Albuquerque, NM; and Salt Lake City, UT). The fact sheet compares the average tax bill for homestead properties and median home values reported in “50-State Property Tax Comparison Study For Taxes Paid in 2022,” an August 2023 report from the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy and Minnesota Center for Fiscal Excellence.