Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Study Of Neon Collisional Negative Ion Compound Resonance Using A Trochoidal Electron Monochromator, Will Brunner

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

This thesis describes the experimental apparatus and procedure used to measure the excitation function of the 2p⁵3p ³D₃ state of neon. First I describe the effect on this excitation of negative ion resonances and previous experiments to measure the excitation function, as well as suggestions for future applications of such studies. Then the experimental apparatus is described in three parts. The vacuum system uses a turbomolecular pump to decrease the pressure of the chamber to as low as 4*10^-9 Torr. The electron beam system incorporates a trochoidal electron monochromator to send a highly monochromatic beam …

Identifying, Analyzing, And Using Discriminatory Variables For Classification Of Neutrino Signal And Background Noise In Multivariate Analysis In The Askaryan Radio Array Experiment, Jesse Osborn

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

The Askaryan Radio Array Experiment, located near the South Pole, works to pinpoint specific instances of neutrinos from outside the solar system interacting with nucleons inside the Antarctic ice, emitting radio waves. I have taken data from the ARA stations which is presumed to be background noise and compared it to simulated data meant to look like a neutrino signal. I developed a suite of variables for discrimination between the two data sets, using a computer algorithm to generate a single output variable which can be used to distinguish noise events from signal events. I maximized this discrimination process for …

The Physics Of Fire By Friction, Bradley D. Duncan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

In what follows I will attempt to produce a rigorous, macroscopic, time averaged model of the process of creating fire by friction – up to the point of initial ember formation. I will employ reasonable, practical approximations with the goal of developing mathematical results that are experimentally verifiable. Although force, velocity, pressure and the like are actually vector quantities, due to the symmetry of the problem I will perform a scalar analysis only. Also, to simplify the analysis I will assume that the assortment of variables we will encounter are independent. Mostly this assumption is valid, though on occasion I …

Electron Beam Dispersion Compensator Using A Wien Filter, Jackson Lederer

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

When an electron beam travels through space, it spreads out over time which impedes the ability to work with short electron pulses in the lab. A Wien filter is a device consisting of perpendicular electric and magnetic fields which filters charged particles based on their velocities. For a specific velocity, the two forces from the two fields in the filter cancel each other out letting charges with that velocity travel straight through the filter. Charges moving at other speeds are deflected as they have a net force applied to them from the filter. If a particle is deflected from the …

Physics Engine On The Gpu With Opengl Compute Shaders, Quan Huy Minh Bui

Master's Theses

Any kind of graphics simulation can be thought of like a fancy flipbook. This notion is, of course, nothing new. For instance, in a game, the central computing unit (CPU) needs to process frame by frame, figuring out what is happening, and then finally issues draw calls to the graphics processing unit (GPU) to render the frame and display it onto the monitor. Traditionally, the CPU has to process a lot of things: from the creation of the window environment for the processed frames to be displayed, handling game logic, processing artificial intelligence (AI) for non-player characters (NPC), to the …

Aps March Meeting 2021 (Online) Updates On Scientific Research During Pandemic Times, Vianney Gimenez-Pinto

Title III Professional Development Reports

While the ongoing global pandemic continues to affect our everyday lives, researchers in Science, Technology, Engineering and Math found a way to come together at the American Physical Society (APS) March Meeting 2021. The conference was online-only and had more than 11,000 registered attendants who actively participated in the program during March 14- 19, 2021.

The Lady Be Good: A Case Study In Radio Frequency Direction Finders, With Supplemental Material For On-Line Appendix, Gregory A. Dilisi, Kenneth Kane, Robert A. Leskovec, Alison Chaney*

2021 Faculty Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Development And Implementation Of A Pressure-Temperature Control System For The Physical Vapor Deposition Of Copper And Niobium From A Molybdenum Filament In The Development Of Superconducting 3d Printed Rf Cavity Particle Accelerators, Chandler J. Fleuette

Honors Theses and Capstones

This report covers the development of the pressure-temperature control system used in the production of small superconducting RF cavities for particle accelerators. To test the validity of the created program, a model for the process was created and tested. The model was used to fine tune the control system before integrating it into the lab. The end goal of the control system is to measure the pressure inside of a deposition vacuum chamber, convert that pressure to a temperature, and use that temperature in tandem with a PID controller to control the current passing though a molybdenum filament which is …

Tri-Molybdenum Phosphide (Mo3P) And Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Junctions For Volatile Organic Compounds (Vocs) Detection, Baleeswaraiah Muchharla, Praveen Malali, Brenna Daniel, Alireza Kondori, Mohammad Asadi, Wei Cao, Hani E. Elsayed-Ali, Mickaël Castro, Mehran Elahi, Adetayo Adedeji, Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni, Muni Raj Mauya, Kapil Kumar, Abdennaceur Karoui, Bijandra Kumar

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Detection and analysis of volatile organic compounds’ (VOCs) biomarkers lead to improvement in healthcare diagnosis and other applications such as chemical threat detection and food quality control. Here, we report on tri-molybdenum phosphide (Mo₃P) and multi- walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) junction-based vapor quantum resistive sensors (vQRSs), which exhibit more than one order of magni- tude higher sensitivity and superior selectivity for biomarkers in comparison to pristine MWCNT junctions based vQRSs. Transmission electron microscope/scanning tunneling electron microscope with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and x-ray photo- electron spectroscopy studies reveal the crystallinity and the presence of Mo and …

Finite Different Time-Domain Simulation Of Terahertz Waves Propagation Through Unmagnetized Plasma, Aditha Srikantha Senarath

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

In order to support ongoing terahertz time-domain spectroscopic experiments involving plasma characterization, it is beneficial to simulate the interaction of THz pulses with varying plasma configurations. In this approach, a 1-D Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) model was constructed to simulate the interaction of terahertz radiation with a plasma medium. In order to incorporate the plasma properties into the simulation, a Z-transformation was applied. This model is capable of simulating the following properties of plasmas including electron density, collision frequency, and the interaction length of the plasma medium. The simulated model was characterized using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. The effects of …

Experimental Tests Of Qcd Scaling Laws At Large Momentum Transfer In Exclusive Light-Meson Photoproduction, Moskov J. Amaryan, William J. Briscoe, Michael G. Ryskin, Igor I. Strakovsky

Physics Faculty Publications

We evaluated CLAS Collaboration measurements for the 90^◦ meson photoproduction off the nucleon using a tagged photon beam spanning the energy interval s = 3–11 GeV². The results are compared with the “quark counting rules” predictions.

Observation Of Beam Spin Asymmetries In The Process Ep → E'Π⁺Π⁻ X With Clas 12, T. B. Hayward, C. Dilks, A. Vossen, Dilini Bulumulla, Mohammad Hattawy, Florian Hauenstein, Mariana Khachatryan, Sebastian E. Kuhn, Yelena Prok, B. Yale, N. Zachariou, J. Zhang, Et Al., Clas Collaboration

Physics Faculty Publications

The observation of beam spin asymmetries in two-pion production in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering off an unpolarized proton target is reported. The data presented here were taken in the fall of 2018 with the CLAS12 spectrometer using a 10.6 GeV longitudinally spin-polarized electron beam delivered by CEBAF at JLab. The measured asymmetries provide the first opportunity to extract the parton distribution function e(x), which provides information about the interaction between gluons and quarks, in a collinear framework that offers cleaner access than previous measurements. The asymmetries also constitute the first ever signal sensitive to the helicity-dependent two-pion fragmentation function …

Drell-Yan Angular Lepton Distributions At Small X From Tmd Factorization, Ian Balitsky

Physics Faculty Publications

The Drell-Yan process is studied in the framework of TMD factorization in the Sudakov region s » Q² » q²_⊥ corresponding to recent LHC experiments with Q² of order of mass of Z-boson and transverse momentum of DY pair ∼ few tens GeV. The DY hadronic tensors are expressed in terms of quark and quark-gluon TMDs with ¹_Q² and ¹_Nc² accuracy. It is demonstrated that in the leading order in Nc the higher-twist quark-quark-gluon TMDs reduce to leading-twist TMDs due to QCD equation of motion. The resulting hadronic tensors depend on …

Accurate Determination Of The Neutron Skin Thickness Of 208Pb, D. Adhikari, H. Albataineh, D. Androic, F. Hauenstein, M.N.H. Rashad, W. Zhang, J. Zhang, X. Zheng

Physics Faculty Publications

We report a precision measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry A_pv in the elastic scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons from ²⁰⁸Pb. We measure A_pv = 550 ± 16(stat) ± 8(syst) parts per billion, leading to an extraction of the neutral weak form factor F_w (Q² = 0.00616 GeV²) = 0.368 ± 0.013. Combined with our previous measurement, the extracted neutron skin thickness is R_n - R_p = 0.283 ± 0.071 fm. The result also yields the first significant direct measurement of the interior weak density of ²⁰⁸Pb: ρ⁰_w = …

Drawing Parallels In Art Science For Collaborative Learning: A Case Study, Karen Westland

The Transdisciplinary STEAM+ Journal

This research paper explores drawing as a tool to facilitate interdisciplinary practice. Outlined is the personal experience of PhD researcher [name removed] in their physics/craft research project, combined with thoughts and opinions from collaborators gathered through group discursive interviews. Interdisciplinary projects face interpersonal and conceptually ambiguous challenges which can be addressed through adopting drawing techniques for educational purposes. Findings highlight that drawing can assist across a breadth of applications as a learning tool for everyone, regardless of drawing ability, to improve the functionality of collaborative projects. Specifically, drawing combined with other communication techniques develops a performative communicative approach that enriches …

Infinite Volume Reconstruction Method Qed Pion Mass Corrections On The Lattice, Michael Riberdy

Honors Scholar Theses

We use the Infinite Volume Reconstruction Method to calculate the charged/neutral pion mass difference. The hadronic tensor is calculated on the lattice using a QCD+QED framework, and the mass shift is calculated with exponentially-suppressed finite volume errors. In this paper we discuss the Feynman diagrams relevant to the pion mass difference and we recapitulate the advantages of the Infinite Volume Reconstruction Method. We then discuss the extrapolation to the continuum limit, and report a charged/neutral pion mass difference of 4.52 MeV, which is within 1.44% of the accepted value.

Data Processing & Analysis For Atomic Force Microscopy (Afm), Molly Mcdonough, Polievkt Perov, Walter Johnson, Stevan Radojev

Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects

Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) has become a critical tool for characterization of materials in fields such as physics, material science, chemistry, and biology. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is an increasingly useful technique because of its high resolution in three dimensions, the sample does not need to be conductive, and the technique does not need to take place in vacuum. AFM can image a wide variety of topographies and many different types of materials. AFM can deliver 3D topography information from the angstrom level to the micron scale with high resolution. One of the most important aspects of Atomic Force Microscopy …

Modeling Holocene Peatland Carbon Accumulation In North America, Qianlai Zhuang, Sirui Wang, Bailu Zhao, Filipe Aires, Catherine Prigent, Zicheng Yu, Jason K. Keller, Scott Bridgham

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Peatlands are a large carbon reservoir. Yet the quantification of their carbon stock still has a large uncertainty due to lacking observational data and well‐tested peatland biogeochemistry models. Here, a process‐based peatland model was calibrated using long‐term peat carbon accumulation data at multiple sites in North America. The model was then applied to quantify the peat carbon accumulation rates and stocks within North America over the last 12,000 years. We estimated that 85–174 Pg carbon was accumulated in North American peatlands over the study period including 0.37–0.76 Pg carbon in subtropical peatlands. During the period from 10,000 to 8,000 years …

Scaling Resistance With Channel Length For Carbon Nanotube Networks, Cade Freels, Carla Patricia Quintero, Samantha A. Anger, Will Gannett, Ruth Saunders

IdeaFest: Interdisciplinary Journal of Creative Works and Research from Cal Poly Humboldt

No abstract provided.

Long-Baseline Neutrino Oscillation Physics Potential Of The Dune Experiment, B. Abi, M. A. Acero, G. Adamov, D. Adams, M. Adinolfi, Z Ahmad, J. Ahmed, T. Alion, S. Alonso Monsalve, C. Alt, J. Anderson, C. Andreopoulos, M. P. Andrews, F. Andringa, A. Ankowski, M. Antonova, S. Antusch, A. Aranda-Fernandez, A. Ariga, L. O. Arnold, Roberto Petti, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

The sensitivity of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) to neutrino oscillation is determined, based on a full simulation, reconstruction, and event selection of the far detector and a full simulation and parameterized analysis of the near detector. Detailed uncertainties due to the flux prediction, neutrino interaction model, and detector effects are included. DUNE will resolve the neutrino mass ordering to a precision of 5σ for δ_CP values, after 2 years of running with the nominal detector design and beam configuration. It has the potential to observe charge-parity violation in the neutrino sector to a precision of 3 …

Making Artificial Cips Data With A Generative Adversarial Neural Network, Austin Hedges

Fall Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

Polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs) have been studied for thirteen years by NASA's Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM) satellite. The Cloud Imaging and Particle Size (CIPS) instrument onboard AIM has taken many images of PMCs over this time. Such a large number of images makes CIPS data ideal for training neural networks which require large datasets. CIPS images were used to train a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) to train towards being able to generate purely artificial CIPS-like images.

Physics For Everyone, Charles Liu, Sarang Gopalakrishnan, Vadim Oganesyan

Open Educational Resources

The online educational resource Physics For Everyone is the scaffolding for a 3 contact hour, 3 credit general education course that will be offered for the first time at the CUNY College of Staten Island in the spring semester of 2021. This work has been generously supported by New America’s PIT-UN (Public Interest Technology University Network) challenge grant program, and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 4.0 License.

This slide deck provides the outline for the semester-long course. Each week’s lecture topics, with key points to be covered, are highlighted in two slides, which also list writing prompts, …

Peer-Led Team Learning In Calculus-Based Introductory Physics: Implementation And Evaluation, Siera Maia Stoen

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Robust evidence shows that Peer-led Team Learning (PLTL) improves the academic success of college students in introductory Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) courses. However, further research is needed to gain a fuller understanding of the benefits of PLTL and the aim of this dissertation is to explore two key and understudied questions surrounding the effects of PLTL. First, does deviating from the optimal implementation of PLTL change its effectiveness? Second, what specific outcomes, in addition to academic success (e.g., exam scores), does PLTL improve? This dissertation will provide a fuller picture of the impact of PLTL by examining its …

Qwasi: The Quantum Walk Simulator, Warren V. Wilson

Theses and Dissertations

As quantum computing continues to evolve, the ability to design and analyze novel quantum algorithms becomes a necessary focus for research. In many instances, the virtues of quantum algorithms only become evident when compared to their classical counterparts, so a study of the former often begins with a consideration of the latter. This is very much the case with quantum walk algorithms, as the success of random walks and their many, varied applications have inspired much interest in quantum correlates. Unfortunately, finding purely algebraic solutions for quantum walks is an elusive endeavor. At best, and when solvable, they require simple …

Searching For A Pair-Produced Supersymmetric Top Partner Using Recursive Jigsaw Variables And Boosted Decision Trees With 139 Fb⁻¹ Of Data From The Atlas Detector, Jared David Little

Physics Dissertations - Archive

The Standard Model of Particle Physics is the most comprehensive theory describing how fundamental particles and three of the four fundamental forces are related. However, the Standard Model is known to be an incomplete theory with several limitations. Supersymmetry is an extension of the Standard Model of Particle Physics, introducing supersymmetric partners to every fermion and boson in the Standard Model. Supersymmetry gives a diverse collection of theoretical models providing solutions to these phenomenological inconsistencies. It contains a mechanism for stabilizing the Higgs boson mass while predicting the existence of several new particles, including a suitable Dark Matter candidate. The …

Free Charge Carrier Properties In Two-Dimensional Materials And Monoclinic Oxides Studied By Optical Hall Effect, Sean Knight

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

In this dissertation, optical Hall effect (OHE) measurements are used to determine the free charge carrier properties of important two-dimensional materials and monoclinic oxides. Two-dimensional material systems have proven useful in high-frequency electronic devices due to their unique properties, such as high mobility, which arise from their two-dimensional nature. Monoclinic oxides exhibit many desirable characteristics, for example low-crystal symmetry which could lead to anisotropic carrier properties. Here, single-crystal monoclinic gallium oxide, an AlInN/GaN-based high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) structure, and epitaxial graphene are studied as examples. To characterize these material systems, the OHE measurement technique is employed. The OHE is a physical …

Single-Neutron Transfer To 50ti, Jessica Nebel-Crosson

Physics and Astronomy Summer Fellows

This is a continuation of the data analysis of a neutron-transfer reaction with ⁵⁰Ti, in which the data was collected in 2019 and this analysis focuses on automating the calibration and peak fits for the generated spectra. Future work will continue with producing angular distributions for the rest of the excitation states and further analyzation in order to draw conclusions about single-neutron state structures.

Many Body Localization With Rydberg Atoms, Alicia Handian

Physics and Astronomy Summer Fellows

Systems are known to thermalize, or reach equilibrium, with the passing of time. However, when this does not occur, the quantum states of the system may be localized. Localized states carry information of the system’s initial state that is typically lost during the process of thermalization. We aim to study thermalization and localization in systems of rubidium Rydberg atoms, and to further understand these phenomena via simulation while we are developing a more refined experiment.

Learning Assistant And Instructor Communication: Impacts On Perceived Efficacy, Jahangir Rassouli, Laura Ríos

Physics

The Learning Assistant (LA) Model was co-developed by Richard McCray and Valerie Otero at the University of Colorado Boulder in 2003. In this model, senior undergraduate students serve as facilitators for group discussion in lower-division courses, and employ evidenced-based practices for promoting inquiry and active learning [1]. Since its inception, the LA model has grown to various departments, disciplines, and universities.

At California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo (Cal Poly), the LA program in the physics department is still in its early stages. As such, it is an environment rich for exploration into the affordances, limitations, and benefits of …

Long Lived Second Mode Internal Solitary Waves In The Andaman Sea, J.M. Magalhaes, J.C.B. Da Silva, Maarten C. Buijsman

Faculty Publications

Internal waves are density oscillations propagating along the ocean’s inner stratification, which are now acknowledged as a key constituent of the ocean’s dynamics. They usually result from barotropic tides, which flow over bottom topography, causing density oscillations to propagate along the pycnocline with a tidal frequency (i.e. internal tides). These large-scale waves propagate away from their forcing bathymetry and frequently disintegrate into nonlinear short-scale (higher-frequency) internal wave packets. Typically, short-scale internal wave observations in the ocean are associated with vertical structures (in the water column) of the lowest fundamental mode. Higher vertical modes have recently been documented as well, but …