Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Acknowledgements, The Mcnair Team

McNair Scholars Research Journal

No abstract provided.

Interferences In Electron Emission Spectra For H+ Impact On H2, Sabbir Hossain

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Phase Coherent Effects In The Speckle Correlation Of Light Scattered From Volume Disordered Media And Randomly Rough Surfaces, Bogdan Danila

Dissertations

We present a study of the statistics of the intensity patterns produced when coherent light is scattered by random media (volume disorder) or randomly rough surfaces. Such a random, granular interference pattern is called speckle. Particular emphasis is on the statistical correlations arising between thefluctuations of the intensities corresponding to distinct scattering paths; which are quantified by the speckle correlation function. In the first part, we present results for the correlation function computed for volume-disordered media by means of numerical simulation. Our focus is on the sensitivity of the correlationfunction to statistical parameters characterizing the volume distribution of the refraction …

Annotation Manager: An Automated Web-Based Content Management System For Digital Libraries With Annotated Bibliographies, Frenny Thomas

Theses and Dissertations

With the expansion of the World Wide Web in the 90s, individuals (especially students) are always on a quest for information resources especially in the form of Web sites. Yet many of them are overwhelmed when faced with deciding which site will best suit their research needs. As a result, these individuals may select a resource for less than optimal reasons. To ease some of the burden, libraries have made great advances to provide a place to organize information resources. Such places are called library portals, and they typically provide a gateway to web resources by categorizing and annotating them …

Teaching Fractions, Natalie Miles

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

Because fractions are a vital part of mathematics instruction in schools and can be found in real life, it is important that all students understand and be able to utilize them. Teachers should choose strategies that will work best for their individual students, taking into account the various ways their students learn and the fraction knowledge students already possess. To effectively teach fractions, teachers must find ways to prompt student interest. Teachers can accomplish this through the use of technology. games. and manipulatives. Effective teachers must take into account the cultural diversity of their students. Teachers must be able to …

An Investigation Of Secondary Teachers’ Knowledge Of Rate Of Change In The Context Of Teaching A Standards-Based Curriculum, Jihwa Noh

Dissertations

This study investigated teachers' mathematical content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge with respect to rate of change in the context of teaching a Standards-based high school mathematics curriculum that emphasizes rate of change as a central theme, the Core-Plus Mathematics Project (CPMP) materials. A framework was designed to provide a comprehensive guide for analyzing different aspects of rate of change knowledge incorporating existing frameworks relative to rate of change, NCTM recommendations described in Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics andPrinciples and Standards for School Mathematics (NCTM, 2000), and research related to pedagogical understanding of rate of change.

Data …

Analysis Of Benzo(A)Pyrene-Induced Gene Expression Changes In Fisher 344 Rat Liver By Affymetrix Microarray And Quantitative Real-Time Pcr, Alhaji Umar N’Jai

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Two High School Teachers’ Initial Use Of Geometers Sketchpad: Issues Of Implementation, Kathryn G. Shafer

Dissertations

This study documents two teachers' instructional practices as they learn and incorporate Geometer's Sketchpad (GSP) activities into their curriculum. The researcher (as a mentor) worked closely with two high school geometry teachers following a case study methodology. As a secondary goal, this study examined the use of a mentor as a professional development model to assist classroom teachers in the learning and implementation of Geometer'sSketchpad. Data were gathered through interviews, surveys, observations, classroom videotape, participant journal entries, as well as researcher field notes.

Results are reported in the areas of goals of instruction, method of instruction, role of the teacher, …

Toward The Design Of Mr Agents For Imaging Β-Cell Function, Mark Woods, Shanrong Zhang, A. Dean Sherry

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

The chemistry of Gd3+-based MRI agents has advanced considerably during the past decade toward agents with higher relaxivity and agents that respond to physiology and / or metabolism. This review describes various approaches that have been taken toward the development of responsive contrast agents and discusses the importance of fast water exchange for advancement of targeted Gd3+-based agents with higher sensitivity. The recent discovery of Eu3+ complexes having extraordinarily slow water exchange has opened a new avenue in contrast agent design based upon the chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) mechanism. These new paramagnetic complexes called PARACEST agents offer new possibilities …

Using Fine-Grained Cycle Stealing To Improve Throughput, Efficiency And Response Time On A Dedicated Cluster While Maintaining Quality Of Service, Gary Stiehr

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

For various reasons, a dedicated cluster is not always fully utilized even when all of its processors are allocated to jobs. This occurs any time that a running job does not use 100% of each of the processors allocated to it. Keeping in mind the needs of both the cluster’s system administrators and its users, we would like to increase the throughput and efficiency of the cluster while maintaining or improving the average turnaround time of the jobs and the quality of service of the “primary” jobs originally scheduled on the cluster. To increase the throughput and efficiency of the …

The Effect Of Naocl, Ca(Oh)2, Mta And Mtad On Root Dentin Fracture Resistance, Sunil Ilapogu

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Various materials are used for the treatment of immature teeth that have been subjected to trauma or decay. It is not well established what effect these materials may have on the immature root dentin. A concern would be the resistance to fracture of the remaining root dentin. The purpose of this study was to compare the resistance of fracture of bovine teeth treated with sodium hypochlorite, calcium hydroxide, gray MTA and gray MTA in conjunction with MTAD after certain periods of time. One hundred and ninety five freshly extracted, intact bovine incisors were prepared using a modified Haapasalo and Orstavik …

High Performance P300 Speller For Brain-Computer Interface, Cuntai Guan, Manoj Thulasidas, Jiankang Wu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

P300 speller is a communication tool with which one can input texts or commands to a computer by thought. The amplitude of the P300 evoked potential is inversely proportional to the probability of infrequent or task-related stimulus. In existing P300 spellers, rows and columns of a matrix are intensified successively and randomly, resulting in a stimulus frequency of 1/N (N is the number of rows or columns of the matrix). We propose a new paradigm to display each single character randomly and individually (therefore reducing the stimulus frequency to 1/(N*N)). On-line experiments showed that this new speller significantly improved the …

Teacher In The Spotlight, Aaron Beaumont

Lake Union Herald

No abstract provided.

Using Distributed Network Systems To Model Perception With An Artificial Neural Network, Tide Kansona Takizala

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

It is difficult to be certain about brain functioning. Until now, most efforts to understand brain computations have only been conducted on a stand alone computer. In order to recreate the brain accurately, members of the Institute of Cognitive Computing Technology (ICCT) were interested in finding out whether or not a biological process could be simulated on a Distributed Artificial Neural Network (DANN). The goal of this investigation was to implement visual perception on a network of computers and compare the computations of the network with those of a human brain. The distributed network was developed as a Local Area …

The Ecology And Relationships Of Chiropteran Ectoparasitic Communities Of Indiana, Christopher Michael Ritzi

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The ectoparasites of bats are an important and largely unstudied area of mammalian ecology. The structure of ectoparasitic communities on bats, and their interactions with their hosts, may help in the understanding of roosting ecology, pa1iurition, and other aspects of host natural history. In this study, a vigorous survey of the ectoparasitic fauna of the bats ofindiana was undertaken, to determine if changes in species composition has occurred over the past 30 years. This survey resulted in the recovery of 51,980 parasites of 13 families from 2,816 host individuals of l O species, documenting 16 new host records and 14 …

Self‐Consistent Diffusive Lifetimes Of Weibel Magnetic Fields In Gamma‐Ray Bursts, C. H. Jaroschek, H. Lesch, R. A. Treumann

Dartmouth Scholarship

Weibel filamentation in relativistic plasma shell collisions has been demonstrated as an efficient and fast mechanism for the generation of near-equipartition magnetic fields in self-consistent particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. In generic γ-ray burst (GRB) models with kinetically dominated plasma outflow, sufficient strength and lifetime of magnetic fields are essential to validate synchrotron emission as the source of radiative outbursts. In this article we report on self-consistent PIC simulations of pair-plasma shell collisions in the highly relativistic regime with particle ensembles up to 5 × 10⁸. Energy dependence of magnetic field generation in the Weibel process is discussed, and for …

A Credit-Based Distributed Protocol For Long-Term Fairness In Ieee 802.11 Single-Hop Networks, Yan Wu, Sonia Fahmy

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Robust And Distributed Computation Of Aggregates In Wireless Sensor Networks, Jen-Yeu Chen, Gopal Pandurangan, Dongyan Xu

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Unstructured Peer-To-Peer Networks For Sharing Processor Cycles, Asad Awan, Ronaldo A. Ferreira, Suresh Jagannathan, Ananth Y. Grama

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Alligators As West Nile Virus Amplifiers, Kaci Klenk, Jamie Snow, Katrina Morgan, Richard Bowen, Michael Stephens, Falacia Foster, Paul Gordy, Susan Beckett, Nicholas Komar, Duane Gubler, Michael Bunning

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Recent evidence suggests that American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) may be capable of transmitting West Nile virus (WNV) to other alligators. We experimentally exposed 24 juvenile alligators to WNV parenterally or orally. All became infected, and all but three sustained viremia titers >5.0 log₁₀ PFU/mL (a threshold considered infectious for Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes) for 1 to 8 days. Noninoculated tankmates also became infected. The viremia profiles and multiple routes of infection suggest alligators may play an important role in WNV transmission in areas with high population densities of juvenile alligators.

Tracking The Sea-Level Signature Of The 8.2 Ka Cooling Event: New Constraints From The Mississippi Delta, Torbjörn E. Törnqvist, Scott J. Bick, Juan L. Gonzalez, Klaas Van Der Borg, Arie F. M. De Jong

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

The ever increasing need for accurate predictions of global environmental change under greenhouse conditions has sparked immense interest in an abrupt, century‐scale cooling around 8200 years ago, with a focal point in the North Atlantic and with hemispheric teleconnections. Despite considerable progress in the unraveling of this striking feature, including a conceivable driving mechanism (rapid drainage of proglacial Lake Agassiz/Ojibway and a resulting reduced strength of North Atlantic thermohaline circulation), several key questions remain unanswered. One salient aspect concerns the total amount of freshwater released during this catastrophic event, likely echoed by a near‐instantaneous eustatic sea‐level rise. So far, no …

General Brochure, University Of North Dakota. Energy And Environmental Research Center

EERC Brochures and Fact Sheets

Brochure about the Energy & Environmental Research Center, including its philosophy, program areas, and Centers of Excellence. [This item is an outdated or superseded version and retained for historical purposes only. It may no longer reflect current information, policies, or practices.]

Topology Control Of Ad Hoc Wireless Networks For Energy Efficiency, Maggie Xiaoyan Cheng, Mihaela Cardei, Jinhua Sun, Xiaochun Cheng, Lusheng Wang, Yinfeng Xu, Ding-Zhu Du

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

In ad hoc wireless networks, to compute the transmission power of each wireless node such that the resulting network is connected and the total energy consumption is minimized is defined as a Minimum Energy Network Connectivity (MENC) problem, which is an NP-complete problem. In this paper, we consider the approximated solutions for the MENC problem in ad hoc wireless networks. We present a theorem that reveals the relation between the energy consumption of an optimal solution and that of a spanning tree and propose an optimization algorithm that can improve the result of any spanning tree-based topology. Two polynomial time …

Theoretical And Practical Complexity Of Unified Modeling Language: Delphi Study And Metrics Analyses, J. Erickson, Keng Siau

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Systems have become increasingly complex, and as a result development methods have become more complex as well. The unified modeling language (UML) has been criticized for the often cited and sometimes over- whelming complexity it presents to its users, and those seeking to learn to use it. Using Rossi and Brinkkemper’s (1996) complexity metrics, Siau and Cao (2001) completed a complexity analysis of UML and 36 other modeling techniques, finding that UML is indeed more complex than other techniques. Siau, Erickson and Lee (2002) proposed that Rossi and Brinkkemper’s metrics present the theoretical maximum complexity, known as theoretical complexity. This …

Mössbauer Spectral Study Of The Magnetocaloric Femnp₁₋ₓasₓ Compounds, Raphäel P. Hermann, Ojied Tegus, Ekkehard H. Brück, K. H. J. Buschow, Frank R. De Boer, Gary J. Long, Fernande Grandjean

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The magnetic phase transitions in the FeMnP_1-xAs_x compounds with x= 0.25, 0.35, 0.45, 0.50, and 0.55, have been studied by iron-57 Mössbauer spectroscopy. The ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic spectra have been analyzed with a model that takes into account the random distribution of the P and As near-neighbor anions of a given iron site. This distribution is a binomial distribution of the contributions to the spectra of each iron with n As near neighbors. A magnetostriction model has been used to characterize the temperature induced paramagnetic to ferromagnetic first-order phase transition and order parameters, η_F=2.6, 2.3, …

On The Use Of Randomness In Computing To Perform Intelligent Tasks, Ryan Scott Regensburger

Theses and Dissertations

The study of Artificial Intelligence attempts to simulate the processes of human intelligence in a set of computable algorithms. The purpose of Random Algorithms in this field is to provide a best-guess approach at identifying the unknown. In this thesis, research shows that random algorithms are able to break down many intelligent processes into a set of solvable problems. For example, solving puzzles and playing games involve the same estimating ability shown in standard problems such as the Coupon Collector problem or the Monty Hall problem. This thesis shows Random Algorithmic applications in two overlapping categories of intelligent behavior: Pattern …

Statistical Tools For Digital Image Forensics, Alin C. Popescu

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

A digitally altered image, often leaving no visual clues of having been tampered with, can be indistinguishable from an authentic image. The tampering, however, may disturb some underlying statistical properties of the image. Under this assumption, we propose five techniques that quantify and detect statistical perturbations found in different forms of tampered images: (1) re-sampled images (e.g., scaled or rotated); (2) manipulated color filter array interpolated images; (3) double JPEG compressed images; (4) images with duplicated regions; and (5) images with inconsistent noise patterns. These techniques work in the absence of any embedded watermarks or signatures. For each technique we …

Weir River Estuary: Land Protection Plan, Chantal Lefebvre, Michelle Portman

Urban Harbors Institute Publications

If economic growth were the only measure of a community’s health and vitality, then the communities of Cohasset, Hingham, and Hull are fairing well. But this economic success is generally accompanied by changes in the physical landscape that can be unsettling for residents, especially when it means more development and expansion at the expense of culturally and socially important open space areas such as parks, woods, and marshes. The rapid pace and fragmented nature of such sprawling development gives communities little opportunity to come to terms with the long-term impacts, which in turn can lead to a sense of powerlessness …

Slope Stability Analysis Of A Lake Michigan Coastal Bluff, Gregory Carlton Young

Masters Theses

Bluff failure along the Lake Michigan coast can be produced primarily by increased pore pressure from perched water tables above lacustrine clay deposits. To test this theory, a site in Allegan County, Michigan with alternating layers of sand, clay and glacial till was chosen for bluff failure monitoring. Historically, the site experiences sporadic massive failures as opposed to neighboring sites that show more regular and uniform displacements. Four pole and cable monitoring lines were measured bi-weekly from December 2001 to October 2003. Lake levels were low and no erosion of material at the base of the slope occurred. Slumps above …

Risk Perceptions Of Adults In The Town Of Unicoi, Tennessee, Regarding The Possible Building Of A Uranium Enrichment Plant., Shannon Kathleen Sellards

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A prolonged siting controversy for a uranium enrichment facility has occurred in the Town of Unicoi, Tennessee. One hundred-seventy residents of Unicoi were interviewed using a questionnaire regarding the building of a proposed uranium enrichment facility for Unicoi. The questionnaire sought to determine relationships between residents’ risk perceptions and 18 variables. When the Fisher’s exact procedure was applied at α< 0.05, the results indicated several associations. Odds ratio measured the strength of association. Results are reported as crude measures of association. Risk perceptions were influenced by the choice of possible locations for the facility [p=0.0003; OR=32.6]. Residents' risk perceptions were associated with a history of working with nuclear materials [p=0.0476; OR=3.2]. Finally, risk perceptions were associated with residents' beliefs that the nuclear facility would affect their health [p=0.0001; OR=18.8]. These results are discussed in light of risk perception and communication theories.